Gun Mount "Nona". Russian kuzvidzora propelled atirari

Kunyange okupedzisira makore Soviet Union pasi Army mauto akatanga kuderera of VDV aiva yakawanda simba, iyo yaishandiswa dzose dzemo kurwisana munharaunda yaimbova Soviet Union. Uye nokuda kwechikonzero chakanaka, nekuti ipapo vakagamuchira dzidziso prescribes kushandiswa mauto, "Sekuru Vasya" senzira pre-emptive ranwa. Kunyatsoyeuka nekusimba zvitema berets muPrague muna 1968 uye zvakaitika zviri Afghanistan.

Chero zvakanga, asi vamwe michina uye kwete zvikuru BMD navoyuesh: paratroopers kudiwa zvombo, vaikwanisa kutsungirira vachisvetuka kubva mundege, asi ine kurwisa simba, kufanana atirari nehurongwa. It aigona kupa chete atirari, kushanda pamwe chete paratroopers.

Paaiva mubasa vaiva kugadzwa ACS-57 ASU-85, akanga achida kudzvinyirira zvichibvira muvengi rinorema warrior motokari. mashandiro avo chaizvo zvinogamuchirika kwenguva, asi kumhara sezvo idzodzo nekutumirwa kwemauto avo haana kushandiswa: ASU aida anyatsowana waburuswa kubva mundege, akagara Banga. Chokwadi, kuti munenge chero kushamiswa mune iyi, matauriro vasingagoni kuenda.

Tanga dzichiri michina mitsva

Chokwadi, mamiriro kwakabva zvaisagona kuchengeta dzakakwirira murayiro. murayiro wakapiwa: kutanga afunge gadzirirwa kuti aizokwanisa kwazvo kusangana zvose zvinodiwa kusimuka kumusoro. Saka paiva pfuti pagomo, "Nona". Chokwadi, izvozvo zvakaitika kwete kamwe.

budiriro Its kwakatanga 60s, uye muna BMD-1 raishandiswa senzira papuratifomu. The mutsva kuzvidzora propelled pfuti ndambodzidza codenamed 2C2 "Violet". Pakarepo zvakava pachena kuti simba 122-mm pfuti, waakanga "vakakwereta" kubva ACS "Carnation" kunongoreva anoparadza chinorema shaky kwaari BMD chassis. Panguva iyoyowo, murefu chassis yakazokudziridzwa 120-mm kuzvidzora propelled dhaka "Lily of Valley", asi zvimwe chete zvikonzero haisati vashungurudzwe.

A dzakatevedzana "zvinhu"

Pakazosvika makore 70s muna Volgograd muzvirongwa vangasimudzira chiedza Matangi itsva, akagadzirirwa zvakananga zvinodiwa VDV ( "Vanoramba 934" uye "Vanoramba 685") zvakasikwa. chikuru maoko avo ane simba 100 mm kanoni. Sezvineiwo, nokuda vamwe magadzirirwo hwakaipa uye kusiyana pamwe Developers, ivo havana kuenda akatevedzana. The dambudziko yokusimbisa mauto makerubhi Mobile atirari akava rakapinza.

"Nona" The Birth

Zvisinei, mumakore iwayo ari maoko kuenda neherikoputa mauto achiri akaita BTR-D. Mukusiyana, zvakafanana BMD (pahwaro iyo akasikwa), mumwe nzira itsva yakanga yakawanda vachisimudza, sezvo yekare chassis yakapiwa mumwe rutsigiro chinotenderera.

Pakupedzisira, nyanzvi kubva Central Research Institute of zvakarurama engineering, uyewo kunozivikanwa vagadziri of Perm "Motovilikha", kufungisisa zvose zvisina ruzivo vavo, ndakasika hachizi itsva 120-mm pfuti 2A51. kusiyana kwayo kwakanga kuti pahwaro zvombo vaigona kuumba zvakasikwa atirari gadziriro, izvo zvaizosanganisira yose-siyana nounhu mumaturi, cannons uye howitzers.

The mutsva kuzvidzora propelled pfuti, yakasimbiswa pachishandiswa pfuti iyi, inonzi ACS 2S9 "NONA C". Vakawanda vakatenda, kunyange zita rake iye akagamuchira kubva vamwe nekuchiva mukuru mugadziri, asi zvinhu zvose zvikuru prosaic: ". New Gun pasi atirari" zita inomirira

Huru kusiyana nevamwe ivhu

Chokwadi, vakawanda vakatutirana nauseam okuti "haana analogues munyika." Asi kana isu chimbofunga ACS 2S9 "NONA C", zvadaro tsikisa kupfuura zvakanaka.

Kusiyana (zvakare, izwi iri rakakodzera pane iyi) wegadziriro ndechokuti ari kunakidzwa mwero chaizvo kukura, anopa kwazvo simba moto muhondo, asi achiri zvinogona kushandiswa senzira yaitsiva pakubhadhara anoverengeka zvombo! Chokutanga, pfuti pagomo, "Nona" haigoni chete nechivimbo kudzvinyirira muvengi inifanduri, asi kunyange kurwisa muvengi matangi. Kunyanya hunoshamisa maitiro Sau vanosungirwa widest Range zvombo.

About kushandiswa Zviridzwa

Saka, anogona moto projectiles kugadzwa "Nona", hunhu zvinopiwa pazasi?

soro-putika atirari michina iri kunyanya kosha. Kunonyanyisa Range - anenge 9 makiromita, uye nokuda yakaderera (haufaniri kupfuura 360 m / s) pakati pokuiswa velocity uye yakananga ballistics moto vanogona "kwira." Kunyanya zvakanaka tsika vakaratidza muna Afghanistan, apo muvengi akakwanisa kurova fomu kukosha pemipata, kwete kunyange kubatana navo zvakananga moto kuonana. On kubudirira anoshongwa izvi mune muduku zvishoma analogues howitzer 152 neMM, zvinowanzoshandiswa hondo munyika yedu, uye pakati nhengo States of NATO.

Saka, kugadzwa "Nona", iro rine mufananidzo munyaya - yakasiyana zvechokwadi chiratidzazvizhinji zvombo.

mumigodhi

Zvinokosha zvikuru (maererano zvakananga remapazi kuenda neherikoputa), inova shoma zvinoita kuwanda kushandisa projectile akadaro 1,7? Km kure, uye rangu - mamita anenge 400. Sezvo zvokushandisa zvatariswa anobvumira kushandisa mureza 120-mm anoshongwa, paratroopers rinowanikwa vose widest kwaasingasvikiri. Kwakajairika mukuru-putika kusabatana yangu atirari chokugadza "Nona" anogona kamwe 7,3? Km. The nani zvikuru pfuti ndechokuti rinobvumira pasina alterations kushandisa chero 120-mm dhaka anoshongwa dzimwe nyika.

zvinokandwa

Kunze zvimwe zvinhu, zviri zvombo aigona zvinosanganisira chitundumuseremusere-achibatsirwa projectile. magadzirirwo yavo nevanopinda jeti injini, izvo zvinoita kuti moto kuti 13 makiromita. In basa iri kuisa "Nona", mapikicha izvo zvinowanikwa munyaya, inogona kushandiswa zvinobudirira nokuti zvombo yeimwe, ane basa chikuru ndiko kuparadza muvengi wacho rinorema nadzo.

Zvinofanira kunyanya kuzivikanwa kutungamirirwa zvombo izvo zvinogona vakazvimiririra kuzvishumira nekushandisa Laser Pointer pamusoro chinangwa. Akadonhera Matangi nezvimwe rinorema midziyo kubva kumusoro, muna kupfuura usina kuzvidzivirira chikamu. Mukana kuparadza chipfuro hazvisi zvinenge 0.8-0.9. Izvi rworudzi nhare anonzi "Kitolov-2." It vanogona zvinobudirira kushandiswa ACS "Nona", mapikicha izvo muchaona munyaya ino.

Zvisinei, mashoko kwakajairika tinofanira kugara anoshongwa zvinogona kushandiswa kundorwa warrior motokari. Kana kutanga velocity kuti 560 m / S kunokwanisika chinogamuchirika zvakarurama nokuti muvengi uri pa madaro anosvika rimwe kiromita, uye mano kupisa kusvika 600 mm homogeneous nadzo kunoratidza kuti ravo rinobatsira zvinobvira kubudisa kukundwa zvose kuitika MBT kunge mupikisi.

Features vachizvitakudza mashandiro

Sezvo kushandisa maminitsi chinokosha kwakadzikira - a chaizvo basa ndichibvunza basa kuti vaunoshanda vachizvitakudza mashandiro zvapiwa uchinyanya ramming hurongwa iyo unoshanda compressed mhepo. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mukana mumwe module kuti anoshandisa 2S9 "Nona", kwakauraya pashure akapfura kunatsa Upfu, izvo yekudyidzana kunoderedza kuti chiutsi vari vashandi vemo mupanda nerimwe, kuwedzera ichinyaradzwa rakarira.

vamwe nokurondedzerwa

Sezvo vaizviita propelled pfuti akasikwa ane mukana wayo kumhara, kuti vagadziri aifanira maximally zviite kuvaka. Sezvo mashoko acho ane chinokosha aruminiyamu chiwanikwa raishandiswa Réservation, izvo, asi, tsime inodzivirira vashandi kubva zvombo-muchina-pfuti moto. Lightweight uye mvura nemishonga zvinopa akanaka buoyancy, nokudaro "Nona" anogona vakazvimiririra vaonekere mvura zvipingamupinyi.

Simba Diesel injini - 240 L / s uye unhu uye rakavimbika hydropneumatic kuturika anobvumira ACS "Nona" vakapararira achitevedza mugwagwa 60 km / h, uye mvura - kusvika 9 km / h. Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, kuturika kuzvidzora achibvumira kana zvava kudikanwa kuderedza kukwirira velha kubudikidza masendimita 35.

dzimwe mhando

Mushure Afghanistan yakaratidza kuti pfuti pagomo, "Nona" - chombo chaizvo. Development anofadzwa zvakadaro vamiririri mhando dzakasiyana revarwi, ivo vakaratidza chido kuwana chinhu chakafanana zvombo zvose munyika inifanduri Armed Forces dzakabatana. Uye nokuti yakazokudziridzwa ndokugamuchirwa basa towed 2B16 ACS "NONA-K."

Nemhaka ayo rakasiyana tomu akamedura, iyo anobvisa kusvika 1/3 hazviiti simba, pfuti zvakazoonekwa kuti lightest zvinobvira. uremu Its asingaiti kupfuudza 1,200 makirogiramu. Zvinenge zvose chikamu chishandiso inogona akapeta, izvo hwezvekukurukurirana zvikuru chokufambisa uye nekutumirwa kwemauto mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma. Rakagadzirirwa kufambisa motokari GAZ-66, asi empirically zvave vakaratidza kuti zvakawanda kana zvishoma dzakatsarukana mugwagwa kubva mungoro yake kuti kubata kunyange UAZ-469. Sezvo kumigumo vakaita mudungwe munzira ndivo rollers, kana zvakakodzera, pfuti anogona kufamba famba kuhondo Hunoita kukarukureta kwayo.

Chimwe musiyano pakati chassis

In Perm, achitungamirirwa matarenda Yuri Kalachnikova 2S23 "Nona SVK" akasikwa 1990.

Chassis ari musimboti ichi, mumwe BTR-80. Kuti aenderane mutsva chokushandisa ikoko, taifanira chose rework magadzirirwo kweshongwe chaizvoizvo zvinhu izvozvo patsva. The guru nani yaiva runoshamisa womukati Vhoriyamu dzimba APCs, kuburikidza icho akakwanisa kuwedzera zvombo 2S9 "Nona" chaipo kusvikira kwepfuti 30. In chete mamiriro ezvinhu kuhondo projectiles zvinogona chaizvoizvo zvibodzwa zvose boka mupanda, mamwe zvinowedzera kukosha yokuvira ichi. Uyezve, kunyanya nokuti vachiridzira kubva akafukidza zvinzvimbo pakuvaka nyika "NONA SVK" feeder anoshongwa aivapowo.

mamwe chombo

Kupa mamwe firepower, neshongwe vagadziri anowedzera yakaiswa pfuti PKT 7,62 neMM, izvo zvinogona ari kure kuzvidzora pfuti wavarwi. Nokuti mamwe chombo zvombo rikarira vaisanganisira MPADS ina "tsono", ina AK-74 (kana analoginen), gumi Garnet (RGD kana F-1, zvichienderana nemamiriro ezvinhu). Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, neshongwe akatasva girinedhi launchers kuti utsi magirinedhi.

Saka, "Nona" - zvombo, inopa mhinduro kune widest kuwanda kuhondo mishoni kuti chete anogona kupiwa chero inifanduri kana kumhara kubatana.

The yakanaka zviri chassis itsva

Kuburikidza kushandiswa chassis of BTR-80 akakwanisa yekudyidzana kuvandudza kumhanya uye maneuverability yacho muchina mutsva. Chokutanga, vaifanira kukurumidza yakanga yawedzera kusvika 60 km / h, uye cruising siyana zvino 600? Km. Uyewo, mavhiri chassis of BTR-80 akavimbika zvikuru panguva kuchinjwa mauto pamusoro madaro marefu: ose makiromita 600 kubva muchina zvingabudirira enda pasi simba ravo, pasina zvakakanganiswa uye vanomanikidzwa shutdowns.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, mutemo chassis zvinoshamisa akazoita mutengo nazvo uye kurovedza yevashandi, yekudyidzana akaderedza uchishandisa mari. To musi, isu kare zvakaratidza kuti michina iri achishandisa BTR-80 mari zvishoma 1.5-2 nguva anodhura kushanda pane "Nona" inobva BRDM-1.

dhaka nadzurudzo

To musi, akasika chiedza Semi-dhaka "Nona-M", uchiraira rinoitwa pamwe breech. kurema kwayo zvokuti dzemaitirwe anogona panyaya maminitsi kupwanya uye kufamba kana mumba kana kutakurwa pamusoro rongedza mhuka uye chiedza imotokari. Izvi zvinoita "Nona-M" chombo chinokosha nokuda chisango uye munzvimbo dzine makomo.

zvakawanikwa

Nhasi, "Nona" asina analogues munyika nesimba uye Kuchinja kushandiswa nenzira dzakasiyana-siyana yetsiva ezvinhu. Sezvo muchina anoshandisa zvakawanda yose nevakawanda projectiles rakashandiswa ari Army Armed Forces, kushanda racho zvakafanana zvikuru chero yemitambo remapazi. Mikana mabhatiri "Nona" vakadaro kuti vabva kure shure mureza dhaka Masvomhu michini inifanduri dzakabatana. Saka, "Nona" - zvombo havana analogues muuto Russian.

Mukuwedzera, zvose nokubudirira dzave kushandiswa zvakasikwa uye nadzurudzo, "Nona", achishingaira kushandisa vagadziri dzedu pakatanga vangasimudzira itsva atirari enyika.

Other kuzvidzora propelled kuisa Russian

Pamwe aigona kuwana venhema sokuti vaizviita propelled pfuti "Nona" - chombo chete mukirasi iyi, raiva basa munyika yedu. Izvi hazvisi izvo.

"Vienna"

Analogue of vaiona chokugadza ndiye "Vienna", muzvinhu zvakawanda zvakafanana zvinorondedzerwa hurongwa. Kusiyana neizvi, "Nona", zvakatanga pamusoro achishandisa BMP-3. Sezvaiitwa yapfuura mhosva, aine 120 mm pfuti. Haiwa, ayo mikana yose (wakawedzera kuchengeteka vashandi, somuenzaniso), "Vienna" uye nhasi aripo muuto zvichida maBhaibheri chete.

Ndezvipi zvimwe zviri kuzvidzora propelled atirari Russian? In Zvinotaurwa, havana kudaro zvishoma. Ngativerengei nyora zvihombe:

• 2C19 "MSTA-C".

• 2C1 "Carnation".

• 2S3 "Acacia".

• 2S5 "Hyacinth" uye 2S25 "Sprut-SD".

Zvose pamusoro ivhu, kunze "Octopus" - inorema howitzers, zvinokosha huchashandiswa ane caliber ose 152 mm. mabasa avo vari siyanei avo anoitwa nokuzvidzora propelled pfuti "Nona". Saka, chinangwa chavo chikuru anokanda kubva namahwindo nechinzvimbo kana kuparadzwa akavakirirwa zvinzvimbo muvengi. Somuenzaniso, muna Grozny muna 1995 raiva installation "MSTA-C" zvinobudirira kushandiswa kudzvinyirira muvengi zvitaviro zvakadzama.

All kuzvidzora propelled atirari Russian dzakasiyana zvavo Western dzomuzana kubatana pamwe nemumwe uye T-72 MBT (uye T-90, ukuwo). ezvinhu ichi anopa zvose nyore kugadzira, uye pasi mutengo kushanda.