Marine Pumps: mifananidzo, kupatsanura, unhu, chinangwa

Nhoroondo shipbuilding iine midzi kare - kwe swimming zvivako okutanga aiva makore anopfuura zviuru zvishanu akapfuura. Ipapo vanhu vakatamira pamusoro penzizi uye makungwa ngarava dzinofambiswa ne zvikwasviso. Kubvira ipapo, shipbuilding akaita chinhu budiriro hombe, uye nhasi vakuru mumaindasitiri nemauto ane nzvimbo aitungamirira chinzvimbo munyika zvoupfumi uye enyika kwemashoko nemauto.

To musi, kazhinji kugamuchirwa mazwi, maererano izvo seagoing mudziyo - hombe-saizi swimming zvivako rakagadzirirwa gungwa hove, chokufambisa yefuma kana mutakurwi senga. Maritime chikepe - rechiuto kushambira zvivako. Nokuti zvinoitika nokushanda chero pakubhadhara izvi ngarava vanoda yakavimbika kushanda yenhengo zvose uye hurongwa. Chokutanga kunodiwa kuitira optimum vanoparadza zvomumvura pombi, nekuti kufamba zvinwiwa siyana kuburikidza mapaipi mudziyo zvinoitika nguva dzose.

Nei tichifanira anotakura pombi?

Pakutanga pumps akagadzirirwa chete nokusimudza mvura. The muenzaniso muchikepe hydraulic mudziyo kuti kupomba mvura kubva akabata wokutanga, akava Chinyorwa pisitoni pombi. Zvino ari kuzivikanwa somunhu pombi-chiito. Pakatanga hwemvura simba zvinomera ngarava akapa nechitarisiko pisitoni pombi pamwe hwemvura tikachirega.

Other, mhando dzakawanda ano hydraulic zvenhengo mu shipbuilding simbi kupararira pamwe kukura kwemichina. A rakakura basa kukura pombi itsva reDare kwaita dzemagetsi Motors. Implementation wavo inopiwa yakawedzera kakawanda vachishandisa kutenderera kushanda mudziyo muviri, uye kupomba simba.

Nhasi, pombi vari zvinowanzoshandiswa sectors dzose upfumi. Hakuna kusara uye shipbuilding nharaunda. Pari, zvomumvura shipbuilding nokushingaira kushandisa huripo mhando dzose dzakadaro namano.

Chii chinonzi pombi?

Pump - zano kuti kutamira Urume apasi pamwero kune rokumusoro. Dzimwe nguva mashandiro iyi Urume zvifambiswe kupa mumwe yakawanda simba kana kumanikidzwa kuwedzera. The chikuru hurongwa zvomumvura mudziyo pombi anoshandiswa anenge kwose kwose: mukavaisa mugadziriro simba zvinomera, hydraulic Zvifambiso, vashandi upenyu rutsigiro mugadziriro, etc ...

Nheyo nokushanda pombi

Rokuchinja simba pamusoro zvomumvura injini pombi simba ane chinofamba fluid mano izvi kunzwisa kufamba mugwara (kukwira kumusoro kana kutama yakatambarara tenderera mukati namahwindo hurongwa). Kusika zvakakodzera zvifambiso nedzimwe kushanda zvinwiwa, zvakadai hydraulic mano chero nyaya dziri kupomba ino, pfungwa anofambirana kuti mvura kana abudise mamiriro.

Schematic dhayagiramu upi kupomba chechitima mudziyo

Sezvo uchityaira mashandiro ari mudunhu iri anoshandisa electric motor kwakabatana kune mains. ari kushanda Urume wavhomorwa kubva pasi rwedziva uye kunoita kumanikidza nyere mutsetse kune chapamusoro nokuda simba kutendeuka. The simba pamusoro kushanda Urume nomunyika pombi anogara kupfuura simba panguva pombi Inlet.

The kufurira kunobva exiting mura nemushonga, simba uye kushanda zvakanaka pamusoro mudziyo. Rinomiririra yakananga simba increment Urume misha kubva pavanopinda womuratidza pombi asati ayo mbudo. Runoratidzwa metres, izvozvo anosarudza Nokusimudzwa kukwirira kana kufamba daro rwekuita pomutumwa.

Unhu Main of hydraulic mudziyo

The mvura jekiseni hwokuratidza inzwi rayo muzana chikwata nguva. The optimum pombi simba chinodiwa kuti vaunze runodiwa kufurirwa uye kukunda mhando dzose Nokurasikirwa chakakonzerwa namaneja panguva mvura iyerere kubudikidza Mapaipi. Pombi chinzvimbo, runoratidzwa KW, anosarudza simba nemotokari injini uye akagadzawo vanokwanisa yose pombi chechitima.

The kunyatsoshanda of pombi kunotema nzira yakakodzera kushandiswa kwayo kana kuchinja dzinokosha parameters ari kupomba chechitima.

How kugovera marina pombi

Ose pombi yakaiswa mungarava dzinoiswa maererano ichi zvinodiwa:

• Maererano nzvimbo nemotokari mugodhi (chinjikira kana tote).
• Actuator mhando (yemagetsi, turbine nemotokari kana kutyaira reciprocating mashandiro). The pombi nemotokari mashandiro zvinogona machira zvakananga nemotokari rwiriko kana Via zvinoderedza giya. Inogona kushanda kumira-oga kana dzisiri zvionera. Standalone pombi zvinogona kuvhiyiwa pasina dzimwe dzakabatana, uye asiri zvionera (vakakoshesa deadlights) ndiwo basa mashandiro ivo vanoshumira.
• Nesimba zvinoberekwa kumanikidzwa (yakaderera kumanikidzwa, mukuru kumanikidzwa kana srednenapornye).
• Panewo kupatsanura pakati zvomumvura pombi zvimwe zvinangwa. Vangave anokosha, zvakafanana chikepe kana chinangwa basa dzimwe zvinoriumba uye zvigadziriswe pakati kushambira motokari kana chikepe simba chirimwa.

Special pombi angashandiswa kutama mvura heeling kana kudimburira Matangi kushambira zvinoreva, kuti chokufambisa emura nhumbi residues kana kuvabvisa kubva nhumbi nezvikamu. Kuvashandisa anogona kupa mvura inopisa kuti kugeza mano nezvikamu izvi. Kununura midziyo akwaniswe ane simba bilge pombi uye moto-kurwa midziyo - moto pumps sekurukurirano hombe.

Pumps akashandiswa yokusimbisa ngarava huru uye ebetsero nodes inoshandiswa kumeso uye vakarongeka kushanda zvinhu izvi. Dzinowanzotanga midzi muna muchina uye bhaira nezvikamu uye simba zvinomera. Idzi dzinosanganisira: chinotsva-kupomba, huni, mafuta, zvinogutsa, condensate, mvura uye mamwe marudzi namano.

Marine pombi vavo unhu

Zvichienderana uchishandisa pfungwa dziri zvakanaka misha pombi - vanekuva, giya, sikuruu. The pombi zvingava Centrifugal kana ndege. Vanogona Classified ne chinangwa uye mhando kushandiswa. Somuenzaniso, kune kutsigisa igwa pombi, bilge, zvinovaka muviri (kushandiswa mvura kana mafuta Kusasvika kutonhora hurongwa), vemoto, kumanikidza uye nevamwe. Musimboti wacho volumetric pombi chinhu chakaparadzana nguva nenguva wedzerai huwandu hydraulic mvura kubva kubvisa mukamuri muimba compression yomukati.

The nyore Vhoriyamu hydraulic zvigadziriswe vanoonekwa muhombe-pisitoni pombi. Reciprocating pombi kazhinji zvinoshandiswa vakawanda chikepe mugadziriro, hydraulically uriri mano uye zvenhengo ezvinhu huru injini uye gozvo basa michina.

Centrifugal pombi ndangariro hydrodynamic chiito. Huru uchishandisa muviri umo kutenderera vhiri riri iro pane reza kana vanekuva. Pavanondirwisa vanopfuura nemvura runodiwa simba uye kutungamirira kuerera. mano izvi zvinopa chinoramba ndege Hova fluid i.e., chokubuda iri rekuchikoro. On kugoverwa kushanda Urume (pombi vanokwanisa) kunokanganisa pakukura uye nokukurumidza pamusoro impeller kutenderera. diameters hombe impeller panguva yakakwirira rotational kumhanya rinopa yepamusoro waivako hydraulic mashandiro.

Centrifugal pombi vari kuramba kwaderera uye saka zvakafanana zvitengeswa. Feed (throughput) kunobva pombi impeller uye rotational kakawanda kukura wayo: yakakura dhayamita uye impeller rotational nokukurumidza, dzakanga chokupika pombi. Kakawanda, Centrifugal pombi kushanda multiwheel akaita kuwedzera chekubuda emura.

By aireva kushanda mumiririri mirayiridzo vanekuva pombi vari rakakamurwa Centrifugal uye axial (dzimwe nguva dzinonzi hwindimiri). Izvi zvakare vortex hydraulic namano. In Centrifugal uye vortex pumps iri kushanda Urume inogona kuzununguswa radially uye axial (hwindimiri) - pamwe nomubato akabatana.

The jeti pombi simba iri yaipiwa pamwe karwizi yokushanda Urume (mvura kana mhute). The zvinogona simba pamusoro kuerera iri kamwene pamusoro Pombi dzikwanise kinetic simba. Nokuda kumhanya nokuyerera yokushanda yorwizi mumba kubvisa yokuvata, nekubata mumiriri pachayo entrains nemvura kana gasi mukamuri. The yakavhenganiswa kuyerera zvinofamba kuburikidza zvinoyerera rukoronga kuburikidza diffuser. Mano yakaoma kubvisa uye kusikwa mukuru Vacuum pombi oparesheni anogona kupa epasi pemvura. Zvisinei, ari pasi kushanda kwaiita asiri zvionera uye pombi vari kushaikwa yavo.

Jet pombi nokuti kupomba hydraulic fluid m. E. To kuwedzera ayo kumanikidzwa, akadana injector. Jekiseni pombi anowanzoshandiswa kuti simba hwemvura jenareta midziyo zviduku. Injectors inonzi jeti pombi, kuitira Absorção de Água ari kushanda Urume. Vari kushandiswa kubviswa mhepo kana condensate kubva chero makamuri kana dzakabatana.

mhando

A zvakajairika chaizvo mhando hydraulic mudziyo uri pombi giya (NS). The feeder chaikosha ndechokuti peya toothed mavhiri yaiva rakanamwa dzimba. Kana ari makumbo vatanga tenderera, mazino dzisina kubatana, uye pave nokuwedzera vhoriyamu emura iri vakanwa kuburikidza rezasi Inlet. Batch uwandu kuuya mvura zvishoma nezvishoma uchingounganidza ari nzvimbo pakati Makumbo uye vari aimanikidzwa kudivi ravo zvekunze. Sezvo vachishanda mutumwa runoyerera muimba compression yepamusoro uye kunosvika outputting kamwene. Izvi mhando chikepe Pumps rinoshandiswa kupomba viscous mvura nezvakanaka lubricating maitiro akadai mafuta kana mafuta.

Screw pumps ngarava uyewo nhengo vhoriyamu. Zvichienderana nokuwanda kushanda zvinhu ane pombi, kusiyanisa one-, zviviri, kana mashanu mnogovintovye mudziyo.

Kana vachishandisa kutenderera uchityaira mugodhi kutenderera sikuruwa anoita kunzwisisa inofamba umo kushanda mvura kupinda kubva kubvisa nyere anopinda mezhvintovoe nzvimbo. Kana kutenderera ari sikuruwa pane imwe akachinjikana zvose kushanda mumiririri yavharwa kuti sikuruwa yomukati. Basa screws kunotungamirira kupomba yokushanda mvura kupinda kumanikidza mutsetse. Kana Urume hunoungana zvakawanda, uye pane kuwedzera nevezera ari compression mukamuri anozarura rinokosha kuchengeteka vharafu - zvakawandisa mvura iri itangezve kudzokera Inlet yomukati.

The kushanda musimboti wehunyambiri Centrifugal pombi mudziyo kwakavakirwa dzirambe dziripo kushanda mvura. The kushanda muviri ane pombi rotor chaizvo mashizha kutsaura kutenderera nemotokari mugodhi. Nemhepo ane electric motor. In mashandiro, ari Centrifugal pombi nemotokari simba hwakatamisirwa mushonga kutenderera mashizha. Kana achida kumanikidza uyu wakasika navo, pasi zvinoitwa iyo inopiwa kwebasa kushanda mutumwa kubva Inlet kusvika nzira yokubudisa.

Vertical multistage Centrifugal pombi anoshandiswa kunenge kwose nesimba zvose zvinomera. Multistage pombi anoshandiswa zvikepe kunodiwa kuti kusika dzakakwirira kumanikidzwa runyararo. Nheyo kushanda zvakadaro mano ndechokuti mvura yasvika runodiwa nevamwe rimwe danho, runoyerera napakati nyere outputting raitevera pachikuva, apo ayo kumanikidza ichiwedzerwa zvakare.

Zvichienderana vanokwanisa, kuti pombi vangava zvakasiyana kugadzira. Huge simba injector pombi, matangi yakakura inogona kusvika sezvakarayirwa makumi ezviuru matani emura paawa.

Chinangwa pombi pamusoro mudziyo

Pumps ngarava vanofanira kupomba mvura mugungwa, kana kushandisa dzakasiyana zvinhu hurongwa kushambira nzira. Kazhinji, ava mukuru chikepe mugadziriro, yakadai se:

• Fire.
• Abudise.
• kutonhora
• Utsanana.
• Bilge.
• Kutsigisa igwa.

Key hurongwa swimming nzira, apo marudzi akasiyana pombi anoshandiswa

Kuti vave nechokwadi moto chengetedzo kunge chikepe nomoto pombi mungarava mumwe mudziyo. Kazhinji, zvidzidzo izvi chiine lightweight. To zvinobudirira kupindura moto uye nokukurumidza vaone nepakati, pombi inofanira akatanga nokukurumidza. Kana ichi moto pombi anofanira kupa inodiwa kufurirwa uye ichayerera kupa jeti simba mvura.

Kana rokuzadza dzakaisvobata achibatsirwa yomugungwa rinoshandisirwa zvomumvura bilge pombi. Maererano yakachengeteka mitemo iri hove kana chokufambisa mudziyo kunge zviviri bilge pombi. kune zvitatu pombi vakadaro zvakakodzera kuti mutakurwi zvikepe. Uye mumwe wavo chete zvikasabudiswa, uye vamwe vaviri inogona kushandiswa zvimwe zvinangwa, asi vanofanira kuva vanobatanidzwa zvinonyatsorehwa nokuomesa hurongwa.

Kudziya kana kutonhora hurongwa zvaidikanwa kudziyisa kana achideredza tembiricha kwekushanda runyararo chikepe zvivako. Somuenzaniso, asati kupa huni kuti womukati injini zvakafanira kuchenesa uye nokupisa. Asi lubricating mafuta anofanira, Ukuwo, inotonhorera. Kufamba kushanda Urume kunosimbiswa nemashoko chaiwo pombi.

Kuti vave nechokwadi yakanaka mutsigiro vaunoshanda chinodiwa utsanana mudziyo hurongwa. The mugumisiro wakadaro gadziriro zvinopa utsanana pombi. Kuvashandisa kunoitika kunwa mvura kana kubvisa mvura iri zvimbuzi.

The kutsigisa igwa Hurongwa rinoshandiswa kuti zvikasabudiswa uye rokuzadza kutsigisa igwa Matangi mudziyo gungwa nemvura.