Su-34: tsananguro uye nokurondedzerwa. uto avhiyesheni

Izvi ndizvo zvimwe yakaita bhomba interceptor. Ane ndibatsireiwo remadunhu- "Duck" anobudiswa nokuda yakananga chimiro uta. Kutozosvikira munguva ichangopfuura isu akanyora nezvake zvishoma, asi ikozvino nhau migero anowanzotaura zvinhu zvinhu kuti reSiriya denga Su-34 uye Su-24M rinoshandiswa mukuru-zvakarurama rinopamura pamitsetse kukurukurirana, muzinda uye arsenals zvemagandanga mamiriro LIH. Inogona angapokana kuti izvi mberi-mutsetse Ndege vava nembiri. Pane imwe wavo uchava nyaya.

History uye kumumvuri

Zvinodiwa kuti interceptor uye tactical bhomba zvakasiyana uye kunyange yakati vashanduri oga. Zvisinei, Soviet vagadziri ndege kare vane ruzivo tishandurwe kubva Ndege ndege mu kurwisa. Akakurumbira "the pawn" - Pe-2 - pamberi hondo akanambwa mapatya-injini rinorema murwi kukwira. Defence inoda "repurpose" ndokuita svetuka bhomba, uye kunyange redesigning airatidzika matambudziko, zvikazooneka kwazvo. Chimwe chinhu chakafanana chakaitika pamwe interceptor Su-27. Muna 1986, Sukhoi akatanga kushanda kwayo nezvainoita nadzurudzo, vakagamuchira T-10b, kuti kuziva, pakupedzisira, pfungwa yezvisikwa "Kurwisa ndege" inogona kutakura zvakakomba varwisane mutoro nokuda basa muhondo uye ane agility zvakakwana kudzorera muvengi ndege. In akagadzira muitiro vagadziri, zvakava pachena kuti kwakajairika Cubicle "dzomoto" hakusi akakodzera kuti chinangwa ichi. chikuru chinhu chakaitwa ne 1990: itsva mumhino yakakurumbira "Dhadha wetsodzo". Pakazosvika makore nineties, kuti Su-34 awana zita rayo yepamutemo (akanga ashanyira uye T-10b-5 uye Su-32FN). Asi haana kugamuchira pamutemo chete muna 2014.

oneka misiyano

Externally revarwi ndege Su-34 yakafanana "tateguru" ayo ari Su-27, dzinenge kure. A uchida kuongorora kunyange munhuwo zvake kubata dzimwe kusiyana pachena mumaziso. The Uta chokuwedzera vezvikepe vagare parutivi, pane mumwe pashure pomumwe, zvikuru kupfuura simbi kumhara giya, uye, chokwadi, mhino. Pakutanga, vakawanda, uye zvose. Mukugadzirwa nemashoko, ichi zvinoreva kuti nheyo magadzirirwo akarara giraidha interceptor Su-27 inozivikanwa se zvisingatomboiti dvuhkilevoe aerodynamic kugadzira nomwoyo-zvinofamba elevators. Kwete pakarepo pachena uninitiated ziso elongation (achienzaniswa zvikabva) sagging pamusoro bapiro mudzi, unregulated mhepo intakes, hapana ventral zvimbi uye kuwedzera nhamba nechitarisiko hardpoints. Nokuti kufanana zvose aro interceptor Su-34 - munhu tactical bhomba uye naizvozvo, anofanira kutakura zvakawanda uye kure kupfuura ayo kumumvuri.

kabhini

Zvino patani kuchinja zvinogona kugadziriswa zvizere. Chokutanga tichakurukura zvikuru pachena mashoko chitarisiko. Cockpit Su-34 kaviri, mukova waro riri kuitwa zvishoma murwere abuts yokumusoro pamucheto tsotsonya yaiva shure uta ichibhabhamisa Rack. Izvi nyore zvikuru muitiro nokukwereta mutyairi aidzidzisa zvigaro zvavo. The vashandi munguva ndege inopiwa ose anodiwa ezvinhu kuti vagare habitability, kusanganisira zvokudya kudziyisa mudziyo, Vacuum chinu Cesspool mudziyo. Kana munhu achifunga kuti vezvikepe vakanga vakagara, aikwanisa kusimuka uye anodziya - nzvimbo izvi inokwana.

Asi Su-34 vakasununguka uye ergonomic kwete chete. Sukhoi vashandi Vaitarisira kudzivirirwa: zviri chaiyo titanium bronekapsuly ane kushanda akatotanga akaedzwa uchidzidzira. Around chete michina inoshandiswa pamasikiro Su-25 Kurwisa ndege. Glazed Lantern uye yakavimbika warrior.

injini

Two Mhando turbofan injini AL-31F pamwe yokunzvenga reshiyo akaenzana 0,571, kuva aitambanudza matani 12,5 neimwe, asi afterburning anogona kuwedzera mumwe makirogiramu 300.

Kazhinji, simba chikwata kwakafanana ari Su-27. Zvichida ichi haisi guru nhamba dzakadaro, kunyanya kana iwe funga zvikuru sei uremu ndege Su-34. Zvisinei, VKS Russian Federation, tenda kuti simba zvakakwana kukwikwidzana mudenga pamwe American F-15, akasikwa kugadzirisa zvimwe chete kuti mishoni. Panewo nzira injini akadaro AL-35F, afterburner kudzidzisa 14 matani vaise.

On-bhodhi Electronics

The Su-34 ari nepokuongorora avionics zvachose itsva, iyo inorangarira zvinodiwa mukuru rakavimbika (nokuda bindepinde) uye rinobvumira goho kuti kubaya rwoga, uchishandisa Satellite nhungamiro michina. Kuonekwa Range (kunyange zvinhu zviduku) yakasvika 250? Km. Izvi zvinoshandawo kutsvaga Ngarava dzepasi pemvura (kunyange chete akamutsa periscopes dzavo), ungwaru, kuwana mvura munzvimbo mined, uye zvichingodaro. N. Kana nezvinetso yakananga operative kukanganiswa pamusoro kuhondo, zvino ichi ndicho chiratidzo pamusoro windshield nengowani-akatasva moto kuzvidzora "maziso" kuti anogona kuderedza nguva chisarudzo. -siyana yakadaro ingadai zvisingabviri pasina kushandisa mukuru-nokukurumidza kombiyuta Hardware chawo.

mafuta hurongwa

Kuwedzera siyana ndege inoda zvakawanda mafuta. Four tangi (matatu mukati fuselage uye rimwe bapiro), uye mudenga refueling hurongwa pakusika zvinhu kuti kurwisa kure huru, iyo unounza mukana Su-34 zvine urongwa ivhu. A zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope bhaa maviri, zvakagadzirirwa kushanda mhepo kwematangi Il-76 nemamwe refueling, kuti chombo yeRussian Federation videoconferencing. Uyewo, kuwedzera kutiza siyana kuturika inosimudzira mukana nechitarisiko Matangi asunungurwa pashure yasimuka.

vashandi nzira yoruponeso

The vezvikepe kutora nzvimbo dzavo kuburikidza yakaderera murwere, achipfuura pakakoromoka pamberi dhesiki uye zviri kunze ndege kana ndege yakaguma pasina chiitiko. Bailout kuitwa nenzira kwakajairika nzira, kumusoro, uye nokukurumidza uye kukwirira havana tsika. Achibatsirwa ejection zvigaro K-36DM nechimbichimbi uchapukunyuka airship ngozi zvakakwana, mumwe vashandi nhengo ane inotakurika yokukurumidzira, vakapakata redhiyo bhikoni, upenyu igwa, rwekutanga zvi-, zvokudya uye zvimwe nzira yokupona pashure kumhara. Muchitiza sevamwe upenyu kunosimbiswa antigravity coveralls, vanodzivirira nengowani uye yakachena chengetedza.

chassis

Kuwedzera kutora-kure uremu akanga zvinosiyana chinokosha zvinodiwa nokuda chassis itsva - hwava zvikuru simba, ngoro-mhando. Possible kukuvadzwa mune chiitiko renguva pamwero rechiuto kurwisana, runways ose airfields uye chikuru ezvinhu aiva Nzvimbo nokuda Su-34 nezvishoma takagadzirira nzvimbo.

The itsva chikuru kumhara akava bulkier kufananidzwa Su-27, izvo zvaida mamwe nzvimbo iri fuselage. Ndokusaka mhepo intakes Mechanisation Chakarerutswa.

nezvombo

Pokugara akasiyana-siyana zvombo hurongwa, pane vatatu ventral raiva pedyo nebundu zvokunze kuturika uye vasere underwing. Kunze kwavari, ine yakavakwa-bhomba kanoni caliber 30 mm gs-301 mhando. Saka sei kufunga zvose zvinobvira kusarudza kuti kukura operative kwezvakatipoteredza hazvibviri, uye akapa nzira mhepo yetsiva. Kukunda muvengi ndege iri hanger zvingava kusvika gumi zvombo "mhepo-kuti-mhepo" mhando P-27 refu-siyana kana svikiro-8 (P-77) kana pasi (P-73). Asi kwete dogfighting rinonyanya akasika kunozivikanwa Su-34. chombo-chinja vaine zvakarurama zvakunoita pasi kunangwa. Izvi mapapiro X-59M (3 hrs.), Uye kwakajairika Anti chikepe zvombo, anotungamirirwa uye unguided mabhomba (fougasses kubva 100 kusvika 500 kg) uye Nursaya mune makaseti.

zvinoitwa

Dimensions zvavo zvinenge zvakafanana kuti ari Su-27 (14.7 mamita - mapapiro, 22 M - urefu uye vanenge 6 M - nokukwirira). Normal yasimuka uremu - matani 39, riri kupfuura rinorema interceptor, asi isingasviki vazhinji tactical Ndege. Zvisinei, izvozvo zvinogona kupfuura 44 M panguva kunonyanyisa mutoro. The ndege anogona kusvika aimhanya 900 km / h panguva imwe kukwira 11 zviuru. Uye 1400 km / h panguva pemvura. Combat siyana kubvira 600 kusvika 1130 km zvichienderana uwandu mafuta uye zvombo zvehondo, chikepe siyana rinosvika 4500? Km. Ceiling (Practical) - 17 zviuru. Kukosha kunonyanyisa uchishandisa zadzisa inoita maneuverable interceptor - 7 g.

rwisana ruzivo

kuongorora kuti Zvikamu zvakananga kuita chaiyo muchiuto kusawirirana chete anogona kupa mufananidzo wechokwadi zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira, ine kurwisana pamwe Su-34. Magadzirirwo pachavo vanoti zvizhinji, asi, sezvo bhomba iyi ekisipoti haina kukumikidzwa, kutonga iye bedzi vezvikepe Russian uye akaongororazve migumisiro yezviito zvake chaiyo ezvinhu. Zvisinei, munguva South Ossetian nokushanda Su-34 haasi kushandiswa zvakananga moto parinouya, vakabatsira kuti kudzvinyirira webasa vokuGeorgia mhepo kudzivirira mugadziriro, nokusika yemagetsi jamming, disorient navo. Nokuti nguva ino yokutanga uchidzidzira rakashandiswa tsindirana EW "Khibiny", yakaiswa pamusoro kwokunze hardpoints.

Kubva pakutanga remapazi nemauto mundima raa avhiyesheni boka Russian akanga ayo mamiriro matanhatu Su-34 Ndege, iyo panguva ino inoshandiswa chinangwa chavo inozoshandisirwa, kureva kuita kurwisa nokushandiswa mukuru-kururama zvombo. Munzvimbo Raqqa uye Madan Jadida Vakaparadza murayiro mbiru, kukurukurirana nzvimbo, arsenals, kudzidzisa mapoka nezvimwe kwezvivako pamusoro nemagandanga mamiriro weuto. Kushandiswa ndege izvi mberi, uye zvichida kuchaita tawedzera kumhanya. kubvuma uku inobva kumusoro waivako kwakaratidzwa SU-34. Parizvino, nokuwanda kuMiddle East yemitambo remapazi zvikava gumi.

Real mamiriro uye urongwa

Nhasi nhamba Su-34, zvinosanganisira pamusoro maoko videoconferencing, haisi asingasviki 83 dzakabatana. Of izvi Kugadzirwa yokutevedzera - 75, uye 8 kushandiswa debugging uye yokuedzwa. Kunyanya, Ndege mana vari kutiza bvunzo pakati pavo. Chkalov muna Astrakhan nharaunda (Akhtubinsk). The huripo zvidzidzo vemauto (regiments) yose nyika - kubva Murmansk kusvikira Rostov uye kubva Khabarovsk kuna Voronezh - ndege aya chikamu vakavhengana dzakabatana. Maererano chibvumirano wakasainwa pamwe Ushumiri Kudzivirira muna 2008, yakanga rakarongwa kupa 32 inokwana zviyero zvaikosha pamusoro 33 bhiriyoni rubles, izvo zvinogona vakagumisa kuti, zvakadini ndiye Su-34 (zvishoma anopfuura bhiriyoni rimwe). Muna 2008, murayiro yakanga yakawedzera mamwe 92 bhomba. Production garo ava Novosibirsk Aircraft Plant (NAPO). Pari akarongwa-mutsetse kugadzirwa michina izvo zvinoderedza zvikuru mutengo.

Mumakore anotevera rakaramba dzakasimba asi yechinyakare Su-24 hondo ichatsiva Su-34. Technical zvechadenga muenzaniso itsva zvinoenderana nemitemo "rechina maviri ndinoiitawo" chizvarwa, izvo zvichaita nechokwadi naye refu basa iri Russian Air Force.