Mbeu: chacho. External uye munyika marongerwo mbeu

Unenge nembeu upenyu Zvirimwa zvakawanda. Miniature Daisy kana kuparadzira mumeporo flavoured sunflower kana manune visi - zvose vavo yakawedzera kubva mbeu duku.

Chii mbeu

Mbeu ndiro rokubereka nenyere. Kuwedzera pabonde kubereka basa, rinoshanda chinokosha kushanda chirimwa dispersal. Kuparadzira nemhepo kana mhuka, anosima mbeu imere uye ishe ndima itsva. Mano Izvi zvinoita nemamiriro mbeu zvinomera.

The kwokunze maumbirwo mbeu

Somugumisiro yacho muchangosangana kwacho unobereka mbeu, sechivako izvo zvinoita mabasa anoitwa.

Size mbeu zvinomera akasiyana dzinosiyana nezvokutanga millimeter Poppy mbeu hafu-mita pa Seychelles yemichindwe.

The chimiro mbeu uyewo dzaisiyana, asi kazhinji zviri kumativi. Kazhinji, bhinzi mbeu, chivakwa riri kwese, ndiwo muenzaniso kudzidza pamusoro rokubereka zvomukati.

Peel mbeu aumba kubva ovule integuments. Izvi kudzivirirwa yakavimbika mbeu kubva kushaya unyoro uye zvakatipoteredza ngozi.

Unodzivirira pabutiro inogona kupendwa namavara siyana. Tichitarisa concave divi mbeu, zviri nyore kuona mwoyo riri akateverwa mbeu kwedzinde. Asati paumbwe mudumbu iye pamwe nembeu pericarp.

The womukati maumbirwo mbeu

Chikuru mugove wechipiri mbeu imwe neimwe - mudumbu. Ndiye aizotangira pakati remangwana vachiwaridza zvinomera, saka inoumbwa duku zvidimbu. Ava embryonic mudzi, dzinde uye gemmule. mudumbu cotyledons inochengetwa wedzerai nezvinovaka muviri. Inowanikwa zvakasikwa uye dzimwe urongwa mbeu mamiriro, kana mudumbu riri mukati endosperm. Ndiwo nerubatsiro muviri.

mbeu Ripe kunogona kuva nguva refu kuti mumamiriro zororo, izvo zvinovapa zvakanakira pamusoro spores, izvo imere pakarepo pashure ichiibvira uye kufa, kana asina zvakafanira kuti kukura zvakatipoteredza.

Zvakasikwa, zviri zvikuru dzakasiyana anomirirwa mitumbi zvose, kusanganisira mbeu. The mamiriro anosarudza kupatsanura yavo. Mbeu umo ari zvinovaka muviri anowanikwa endosperm, rinonzi mapuroteni. Rumwe rudzi mbeu rinonzi mapuroteni-free.

Murwiyo mbeu

Ongororo dzakaratidza kuti vose mbeu akaumbwa Organic zvinhu, akawanda izvo Zvinotora miriwo mapuroteni kana gluten. Vazhinji ichi zvinhu zviri mu bota zvinomera, izvo neupfu uye kubheka chingwa.

Uyewo pane mbeu inochengetwa mafuta uye carbohydrate starch. The chikamu yeimwe izvi zvinosiyana zvichienderana yemiti. Somuenzaniso, mbeu sunflower akapfuma mafuta, tsanga yegorosi - starch.

Kunze mapuroteni, kwemafuta uye makabhohaidhiretsi uye mbeu ane inorganic zvinhu. Zviri kwapasi mvura inodiwa neramangwana kuvandudzika chirimwa, uye chicherwa munyu.

Zvisinei uwandu neimwe pfuma ine yayo kukosha mbeu kukura uye kukura hunokosha.

Mbeu mono- uye dicotyledonous miti

Kuwanikwa mbeu maitire chete imwe mapoka enderana zvinomera - mbeu. Uyewo, vakanga vari mumapoka mapoka maviri: gymnosperms uye angiosperms. Mbeu gymnosperms Conifers dziri pamusoro cône chikero uncoated. Saka, vane zita rakadaro. Muna February, pazvikomo chando kuwira mbeu, vane mamiriro asingagoveri mamwe pakudzivirira embryo pamusoro rwakashata ezvinhu.

Vanowanzoguma imere mbeu vari angiosperms. Vamiririri boka iri nenzvimbo hukuru nzvimbo kunokwana zvibereko kudzivirira mbeu dzavo. Sechivako neimwe mudumbu rakavimbika kudzivirirwa chando uye kunovaka muviri embryo.

Plants Kuva mumwe boka nyore kuziva. Zvatakurukura yakarongeka monocot mbeu, zvakadai segorosi caryopsis pamusoro, unogona kuva nechokwadi chokuti une chete cotyledon chete. Akadaro seedling mbeu mudumbu rinoumbwa akaumbwa.

Zvakasiyana akaronga mbeu bhinzi. Chimiro chavo ndizvo kuti dicots mbeu pamwe cotyledons maviri ari mudumbu wembeu uye vaviri utachiona akaturikidzana. Kuwedzera sechivako embryo, pane zvimwe zvinhu kuti kuona boka zvinomera. Izvi mhando midzi, pamberi cambium, marongerwo uye venation mashizha, shizha chimiro. Asi mamiriro wembeu ane Kurondedzera chinhu.

mbeu kumera

Zvirokwazvo, imba imwe neimwe yakaramba mbeu dzakawanda. Beans, pizi, nenyemba, sunflower mbeu uye kunyange gorosi - vari kakawanda vakokwa mukicheni. Asi nei vasingandivimbi kuumba inomera? Mhinduro iri nyore nokuti kumera zvimwe zvinhu zvinokosha. Anokosha kwavari mvura. Sezvo panoparadzana mwoyo mbeu unozvimba uye inowedzera kakawanda MUBHUKU uye zvinovaka muviri endosperm, utachiona nyunguduka. In mamiriro ichi, vanova nyore mupenyu mumasero embryo.

mamiriro Inokosha kumera vari zvakare kuwana reokisijeni, chiedza chezuva, tembiricha optimum. Kazhinji pamusoro 0 inegumi. Asi mbeu ezviyo chando zvikuru kubatwa nechando, uye tembiricha kunaka chinhu chinodiwa zvimiso pokumuka mbeu dzavo.

Basa mbeu zvakasikwa uye upenyu hwevanhu

Mbeu muri zvikuru zvose nokuda zvinomera, mhuka uye vanhu. For zvirimwa, ndiyo nzira kubereka uye dispersal pamusoro pepasi. Kuva kugoverwa starch, mafuta uye mapuroteni mbeu chinhu chakanakisisa zvokudya zvinovaka muviri kuti mhuka neshiri. vari ariwo chigadzirwa chikafu vanhu. Hazvibviri kufungidzira upenyu vanhu pasina chingwa, akaita kubva mbeu bota kana pasina mafuta muriwo kubva sunflower mbeu uye zviyo. Uye kubudirira wokukohwa ramangwana kunoenderana mbeu unhu.

Mbeu miti ndivo kupfuura zvikuru yakatanga, dzakaoma mamiriro, kwemasayendisiti zvoupenyu, uye kugara hukuru chinzvimbo chirimwa nyika. budiriro iyi havana kubudirira imhaka pamberi inokosha rokubereka nhengo - mbeu.