Monarda maruva. Ndapota regai kufunga pamwe bergamot!

Monarda - a perennial chirimwa chizvarwa kuNorth America anonzi. Musango zvakajairika munzvimbo kubva Mexico kuCanada uye chinomiririrwa mhuka 17. Pashure kuwanikwa America Columbus akaunzwa kuna Spain uye zvishoma nezvishoma yapararira somoto muEurope yose. Rake zita maruva enyika Monarda akagamuchira akamiririra Nicholas Monardes - Spanish nyanzvi akadzidza chirimwa ichi muzana remakore rechi16 uye vakaona ayo achaporesa ehupfumi. Iye detailed zvakanakira zvinomera mubhuku rake "mashoko akanaka anobva muShanduro yeNyika Itsva."

Vanhu Monarda maruva vane mazita mazhinji: ndimu chemindi, mhuka bergamot, American Melissa, uye kuti haasi zvose. Akadaro siyana mazita nokuda kwe muti siyana zvinonhuwirira vomumatunhu, kwakanaka iyo anoyeuchidza imwe chirimwa vakatobatana anozivikanwa.

Pari kupararira chirimwa zviviri: Monarda didyma uye Monarda tubular (fistular). Ivo dzinoratidzwa vavo yakakwirira kugutsikana mune inflorescences uye kunosiya zvinokosha anonhuwirira, izvo zvinoita inokosha somushonga chirimwa pakugadzira zvinhu, ane akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, antibacterial uye antiparasitic nemigumisiro. Rinoshandiswa kurapa chirwere bronchitis, Árbol asima, nemwaranzi kurwara. The muto mashizha kunobatsira kurapa maronda, mitswe, chinonyaradza nokushatiriswa rheumatic marwadzo, anobatsira pamwe zvipembenene ikaruma. Monarda maruva uye mashizha anoshandiswa sezvo zvisaora iri kugadzirwa yeshoko carbonated hwahwa.

Young zvinomera hunoita kuti excitation kuti kudya uye kuvandudza kugaya uye kunogona kushandiswa mune zvekudya sezvo Salad uye mufushwa kana nezvinonhuhwira chirimwa pachikafu madhishi uye canning. How zvinonhuhwira pakugadzirira edoro, tii inogona kushandiswa inflorescences. Kuti aite izvi, inflorescences unganidzwa pashure vhiki yokutanga maruva. Mabukira, mashizha uye maruva zvinogona kushandiswa zvokudya uye yakachena uye yakaoma. In chevarwere mushonga, inozivikanwa Monarda pfuma kudzivisa paumbwe dema chakuvhuvhu. Mashizha uye manyoro zvinoshandiswa canning miriwo. Apple jamhu, brewed pamwe kuwedzera mashizha, haana zvavhuvha.

Bergamot Monarda (Bergamot uswa) inowana zita rayo kubva pamberi ari mashizha uye maruva mafuta kuchikosha, munhuwi akafanana zvakasikwa mafuta bergamot, iro zvinowanzoshandiswa zvokudya uye mishonga Mazinga. Maererano nenyanzvi, they vakagadzirira pamwe kuwedzera mashizha uye maruva Monarda haasi muduku akakurumbira "Earl Gray".

Monarda Maruva akaronga yakarurama pamusoro, ari kukwirira 1 meter, dzinde tetrahedral. Rhizomes kukura mumativi ose, uye zvinomera vanoumba keteni ane simba. Ya maruva nemiti Monarda kusvika mazuva 50, anenge kupera June kusvika August. Misoro zvingava mavara akasiyana chaizvo. Mbeu kwazvo duku. Muchirimo vanogona kudyarwa zvakananga pakachena muvhu. Kumera tembiricha - madhigirii anenge 20. kokutanga richi- kura mbesa dzikure zvishoma nezvishoma, uye iwe unofanira nechokwadi kuti havasi kupindira nemasora. Flowering vaduku miriwo ichava makei.

Monarda inoparadzirwa kupatsanura rhizomes uye anogona kuva mumatsutso. Yepamusoro makopi zvinofanira inoparadzirwa chete vegetatively, nekuti panguva iyoyo zvichengeteke zvachose kunze ehupfumi zvinomera. Share mumakwenzi Monarda zvinofanira kuva aine makore 3-4, nekuti, ari mukuru uye kuwedzera paupamhi, rhizomes pakati achifa. Izvi zvinoderedza zvikuru nezvishongo nemiti. Vakagamuchira delenki vanofanira kanenge 2-3 wotungira. Vakasimwa ari chinhambwe 60-70 masendimita kubva rimwe pre-akagadzirira maburi umo nezvevanakomana paminiti 1 mativi mita manyowa (2-3 kg) dzakaoma fetiraiza (50-60 g) uye madota ivhu acidity (kukwira 40 g). Monarda ndiye undemanding kuti ivhu, asi anoda madota chiedza. In chiyero mvura-rudo.

Izvi vane mwero herbaceous chirimwa nyore asi mashiripiti maruva chaizvo kwazvo vachengeti dzedu dzavo zvinokosha unhu, uye zvakasiyana-siyana mavara.