Mongolia kwevanhu. Chii kukura vanhu kuMongolia?

Mongolia - a zvokuvhoterwa, riri mu East Asia. Renyika - Ulaanbaatar. The Vagari guru riri vanhu vanenge 1,3 miriyoni. An pamuuyo chisingakonzerwi okumavirira yamakungwa, munharaunda (1,564,116 km ²⁾ nguva anenge gumi kuvatumwa Russia. Mongolia ndivo vavakidzani rwokumusoro Russia, uye kumabvazuva, kumaodzanyemba nokumadokero mativi - China. Hurumende iri mubato kuna UN zvivako uye dziri somunhu mucherechedzi mune dzimwe zvivako zviri Kishi.

Munyika nhoroondo

Munguva dzekare, mamiriro enyika akanga akafukidzwa anezvimiti uye masango, uye mumapani akaiyera steppes uye paMaare. Muzana 4th remakore BC mundima ino akararama kare vanhu - the Huns. Muna 202 BC. e. pamusoro nyika vemazuva Mongolia yakanga akasikwa pasi Empire Huns Command Modun Shanyu. Raiva umambo vamarudzi anongofamba rokutanga. Ivo kutongwa Huns muMongolia kusvikira '93 n. e.

Shure kwavari akauya Mongol ushe, Kyrgyz uye Turkish khans. Muzana remakore rechi12 Mongol rudzi akaedza kubatanidza kuva kusaroora, asi anga ndangofanana vemunharaunda nokuwadzana. Munhoroondo kuedza ichi kuumba rakabatana wehurumende akauya pasi zita Hamag Mongolia.

Empire rakaumbwa muna 1206 pamusana kuwadzana Genghis Khan Mongolian muManchuria uye madzinza ichiparara. Somugumisiro vanoshingaira vaimbopota masimba enyika kunowedzera chaizvo. Rakanga akabata chikamu China, uye nzvimbo yakakura Asia, mamiriro Ilkhans uye chikamu Kievan Rus.

Empire muganhu ndokumonereka kusvikira mamiriyoni 33 km ² uye vemo vanhu mamiriyoni 100. Pasinei nokuti panguva iyoyo vaigara vanhu mamiriyoni 300 pasi pose. Asi kubva 1294 zvakatanga zvishoma disintegration of Mongol Empire. Post-Imperial nguva yakanga nokutonga Northern Yuan dzinza.

Muna 1924, pamwe vatsigire Soviet Union, Mongolia akaziviswa kuMongolian vanhu Republic. Sei vanhu Mongolia iyoyo? Kuwanda vagari muna 1918 iri vanofungidzirwa 647,5 zviuru. Vanhu.

Muna 1961, Mongolia akava nhengo UN, uye muna 1962 - nhengo Council for Mutual Economic Runobatsira, dzinotungamirirwa Soviet Union. Panguva iyoyo kwakatanga kuwedzera vemo. Pashure pokuwa USSR muMongolia kwakaitika utongi hwegutsaruzhinji uye zvoupfumi kuchinja. privatization kuti maindasitiri, zvokurima, kutengeserana chakaitwa. Muna 1997, hurumende rava nhengo WTO.

Vanhu kuMongolia

Hurumende iri monkey-dzinza munharaunda. The zvachose vagari Mongolia vanofungidzirwa ya2015 vanhu pfuurei mamiriyoni matatu. 94% yevanhu nhoroondo Mongolian mapoka. Just kurarama munyika vokuTurkey, chikamu chiduku vokuChina uye Russian.

Kune-Mongolian maviri Mongolian madzinza pamusoro. The Kudeuka boka - Khalkha eMongolia, izvo vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 2.1 (82.4% of zvachose population). Nhamba huru Khalkha vagere kumaodzanyemba, kumabvazuva uye nechepakati dzenyika. Kumavirira mhenyu Durbar, zakhchin, Torguts, Bayati uye Olets. Ndivo zvizvarwa nechokumadokero eMongolia Oirats.

Mongolia musha anenge 101,5 zviuru. Kazakhs. Ethnic boka rinenge 4% of zvachose kwevanhu uye ndiyo yechipiri pakukura pakati siyana madzinza vaigara Mongolia. Kazakhs dziri kunyanya Bayan-Ulegeyskom aimag. On idzi, vakasvika muzana remakore rechi19 kubva kumatunhu ari Black Irtysh uye okumusoro Buhtarmy. Pasinei chokwadi kuti Kazakhs kutaura kwavo mutauro, tsika uye netsika zviri zvikuru zvakafanana vaya eMongolia, iyo rinobvumira Kazakhs kurarama zvinoenderana huru dzinza rehurumende.

Uyewo kurarama munyika uye vamwe vanhu boka. Buryats Somuenzaniso, akatora nyika yacho nharaunda kuchamhembe. The vamiririri vanhu zvabatwa dzinza kuzivikanwa kwavo, asi mutauro iri pamwero mukuru akafanana mutauro Khalkha. Buryats vanoumba 1,71% of uwandu vagere mamiriro.

mutauro Buryat kwakadaro uye tsika emadzinza vanogara kumabvazuva. Barghouti nhamba iri zviuru chete 2.3. Man. vanhu ava vakabva kumusoro-kumabvazuva China kune Mongolian nyika muna 1947.

Ethnic Russian vakatamira kunyika Mongolia yechipiri yezana rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore. About maviri nehafu vanhu zviuru wokuRussia nyika anogara munyika nhasi. The Russian yokutanga Mongolia vaiva Old Vatendi rakatiza nyika pamusana chitendero.

Kuwanda vanhu kuMongolia

Muna December 2015, vanhu Mongolia - zvishoma vanhu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu. Annual vagari yakawedzera 1,74%. kwouwandu hwevanhu kunoratidza kuti nhamba vomunyika gore negore inowedzerawo. Mongolian hwevanhu arambe achirema ndiyo 1,8 vanhu muzana mativi kiromita.

Other wevanotungamirira zviratidzo munyika mugore 2016 yapuwa zvinotevera mashoko:

• . Vanhu 73,5 zviuru vakaberekerwa;
• 18.4 zviuru akafa .;
• . 55 zviuru vanhu raiva dzinongoitika kuwedzera;
• . 3 zviuru vanhu yaiva vaitamira kuwedzera;
• 1.499 zviuru varume, vakadzi 1,538 zviuru, riri pamusoro 1: .. 1.

Resettlement vomuUmambo pamusoro munharaunda kuMongolia inhomogeneous. Avhareji arambe achirema chavagari Mongolia muna 2017 raiva vanhu 1,8 chete mativi kiromita. Zvikuru dzine vanhu vakawanda renyika, musha mumwe wechitatu yose vakawanda, Khangai makomo uye Orkhon Valley. Very pasi nevanhu arambe achirema zasi, hombe gwenga uye Semi-mugwenga kunzvimbo uye zvachose yakanyarara.

Zvaifungidzirwa kuti 2017

Vaongorori kufungidzira kuti muna 2017 uwandu vagari Mongolia kuchawedzera. Saka, uwandu vagari vachava 3090 183. Enzanisa humboo dzokutambura makore Mongolia. Somuenzaniso, vanhu muna 2014 raiva vanhu mamiriyoni 2,91, makore matatu akamuka vanhu mamiriyoni 0.09 ne.

Projected yakanaka kukura, iyo ichava 56 zviuru. Man. Nokuti 2017 nayo achaberekwa anenge 74,7 zviuru. Vana anofa 18.7 zviuru. People. Kana kutama rate vacharamba zvakafanana muna 2016, ipapo 2017 nhamba vagari nokuda vaitamira zvichachinja ne 3.2 zviuru. Man. Saka, nhamba yevanhu kubuda Mongolia, kuchava Vashanyi vari kuronga refu vari munyika.

upenyu anotarisirwa

Mongolia, rine vanhu vanenge zvakaenzana zvikamu rakabudiswa munhurume, havasi kuzivikanwa kumusoro upenyu anotarisirwa. Men kurarama avhareji yemakore 65, vakadzi - makore 69. Pazera makore 15-49, mukono munyama kusvika katatu kupfuura mukadzi.

The chikonzero chikuru hwenyama muMongolia - a traumatism uye chidhakwa. Panyaya iyi, muna 2014 iye chirevo pamusoro pakagadzwa mapoka evanhu okudzidziswa, maererano nerimwe gore varume vose vanofanira rakagara kuongorora zvokurapa. Chimwe chinetso chakakomba muMongolia, rine vanhu massively nekenza, zvemwoyo uye TB - kukwana uye inaccessibility rakanaka utano mune dzimwe nzvimbo.

By zera

Muna January 2017 vemo Aimiririrwa zera kwakadaro nemapoka:

• 27.3% - vana makore 15;
• 68,7% - vanhu vechizvarwa achishanda (15 kusvika 64 years);
• 4% - vanhu mudyandigere zera (Makore 65).

kugoverwa kwakadaro pave pasi wevanotungamirira mutoro chinoita magariro (45.6%). Nhamba nhamba vana vagari zera kushanda iri 39,8%, mudyandigere mutoro (nhamba vagari mukuru ari vemo pakati 15 uye 64 years) raiva 5.8%.

kunyora nokuverenga

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti vanhu mamiriyoni 2 anopfuura 15 makore kugamuchira kana ndakagamuchira dzidzo, anogona kuverenga uye kunyora. Vagari Mongolia iri kusvika 99% aumbwa. In zvachose, 35.7 zviuru vanhu vanoramba kudzidza.

The kuverenga zvazvingava varume ndiko 98,18%, vakadzi - 98,58%. Youth kuverenga zvazvingava zviri 98,05%.

Kutsika

Vaeni uye ushamwari Mongolia. Population of nharaunda iri saka nomufambi kuti akakwazisa muenzi mumwe mbiya yetii - chiratidzo chokuremekedza vehondo. Netsika, mueni anofanira kutora mbiya mumaoko ose, chiratidzo kuonga vaenzi muridzi.

Tsagaan Sar (New Year) - kupfuura kufarira yezororo. Nhasi vanhu vakapfeka zvokupfeka National, enda kushanyira hama neshamwari. Zvinonzi akatenda zvakawanda yezororo pamutambo, nani vachava varidzi vemba kurarama gore rinouya.

Kana muchato tsika, mukadzi mwanakomana vabereki vake vari kutsvaga. Pakazosvika zuva romuchato chikomba anofanira kuvaka tende mwenga wake. The murume ramangwana mutambo zuva vanofanira kutora musikana paimba vabereki vake 'mabhiza.