Chii Rhubarb? Mhando, kudyara nekutarisira

Pasinei nokuti munda unobatsira wemiriwo (mhuri yeB Buckwheat) yakarimwa munharaunda yenyika yedu kubva panguva yekare, vazhinji vevadzidzi vedu havazivi kuti rhubarb chii.

Kwenguva yokutanga mbeu yakadyarwa yakaunza kuRussia musayendisiti mukuru weRussia-geographer, muenzi NM Przhevalsky wekuSouth Asia. Gare gare, muti wacho wakawanikwa kuFar East, Siberia, neCaucasus.

Chii Rhubarb?

Iyo yakarurama culinary classification yemiti iyi inonetsa kupa. Juti petioles yemashizha ayo, zvichida, anofanirwa kuonekwa nemashizha ane mashizha, kunyange zvazvo anonaka zvakafanana nemaapuro. Hongu, uye iyo inoshandiswa pakubika iyo yakafanana nemichero: kuita kuzadza kwepani, compotes, jam.

Kukosha kwechimiro ichi zvakare kunowanikwa mukuti inobereka pakutanga kwechinyakare, apo michero nemichero yechero zviri kukura muminda yedu. Yakagadzirwa nemhando dzakasiyana-siyana yemichero ine unhu husina kunaka hweti petioles, inoratidzirwa nehuwandu uye huripo.

Asi ngatidzokere kumubvunzo mukuru wehurukuro yedu: chii chinonzi rhubarb uye sei varimi vemasimi emakumi emakore vachirikurira pane zvavanoronga? Icho chirimwa chinonzi herbaceous perennial (mhuri yeB Buckwheat) ine midzi yakasimba yakagadzirwa. Inosanganisira pfupi yakaita rhizome uye mizu mikuru.

Iyo tsanga yakareba uye ine simba, inosvika pakakwirira mamita matatu, yakafukidzwa nehope specks. Rhubarb leaves, iri pamidzi, yakakura kwazvo, ine mahwendefa akawanda. Mashizha ari pamadziro madiki. Rhubarb inotanga kukura mangwanani ekutanga kwaJune nemaruva kana machena machena. Zvibereko (tsvuku nutsvuku) zvakakura mumavhiki maviri.

Chikamu chayo chepamusoro pevhu chinofa muchando, asi rhizome inogona kugara pane imwe nzvimbo kwema makumi emakore. Mumamiriro ezvinhu epanyama, rhubarb inokura muChina muTibet, kuMabvazuva, kumakomo eCentral neSouth Asia, kuCaucasus.

A bit of history

Yakakurudzirwa rhubarb makore mashomanana apfuura, uye muEurope yakauya muMiddle Ages kubva kuChina. Makaravha akatakura midzi yakaomeswa yemuti, iyo yainzi "yellow root". Zvakanga zvichishandiswa mumishonga yemhando yekurapa zvirwere zvakawanda. Mukuwedzera, midzi yakashandiswa semuvara wechisikigo.

Mazuva ano rhubarb inokura kuti ibudise petioles inonaka uye ine utano, kunyanya inowanikwa munyika dzeEurope nokuda kwerhizomes inoporesa, uye yakashandiswawo sechishongo chakanaka chekunaka mumamiriro ekugadzira nyika.

Kukohwa rhubarb

Nekuchengetedzwa kwakakodzera nekudyarwa kwakakodzera, rhubarb inokura mashizha kusvika kusvika, asi ichi ndicho chigadzirwa chemwaka. Petioles yemarudzi akasiyana-siyana anodyiwa kubva pakutanga kwekudzoka kusvika pakati paJune, marudzi ekupedzisira anogona kushandiswa kusvikira pakati paJuly. Zvadaro vanova vasina simba, zvakaoma, vasingasviki, kunze kwekuti vanounganidza organic acid.

Vafudzi veRhubarb vanogona kugadzira mapesi mumhando ye marmalade, compote, marinade, jam.

Inobatsira zvinhu

Rhubarb yakafuma mumaminerari uye pectin zvinhu, mavitamini. Icho chinhu chikafu chinodyiwa umo pane zvinenge zvisina mafuta. Rhubarb ine chirwere chemahara nyore, inowedzera basa rakavanzika remudumbu, rinowedzera kuumbwa kweropa. Rhubarb inobatsira pakunatsiridza chirwere cheganda.

Mitauro yeRhubarb

Mazuva ano muminda uye muminda kune zvose zvirimwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvirimwa, uyewo mhuka dzesango, marudzi. Izvozvo zvekupedzisira zvinonakidza kugadzira, kusina hanya mukutarisira.

• Rhubarb officinalis. Iyo yakasiyana nemasikirwo makuru: mashizha emuti wacho anosvika kureba 1.5 mamita murefu, uye peduncles inopfuura kudarika kwevanhu.
• Rhubarb inokudzwa. Miti yacho inoumba "cob" yakakwirira inosanganisira mahwendefa akaoma akavhara.

• Rhubarb fingery. Zita rechipiri ndiro Tangug. Mhando iyi inofadza uye yakasanganiswa mashizha akajeka nemaruva akachena, akavezwa korona nemakumbo marefu.
• Rhubarb Vegetable. Iyi mhuka inokurudzirwa semurimi wegindu. Mimiriro yemhando idzi dzine jira uye mapepa, ane ruzivo runonakidza, uye haaratidzike kwenguva refu.

Rhubarb: zvakasiyana-siyana (zvakakurumbira)

Nhasi, kune marudzi anopfuura zana emiti iyi, asi kwete dzose dzakapararira muRussia.

• Victoria yakasiyana-siyana - imwe yekutanga uye yokubvuma. Iyo ine mukana wakanaka. Kureba kwepetioles hakudari 60 masentimita. Maererano nevarimi, maVictoria akasiyana-siyana-akawanda kwazvo maruva.
• Moscow-42 ndeimwe yemhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzine zvibereko zvakakura uye inonaka kwazvo. Kureba kwepetioles masentimita makumi manomwe, uye kuwanda kwavo kunopfuura masentimita matatu. Iti petioles inotapira, yakasvibirira, uye ine bhuru tsvuku pasi.

• Ogre-13 ishizha-yakakura-yakasvibirira-yakasiyana-siyana. Zvakanaka zvinokura uye zvinoumba petioles mumumvuri. Nyama yehutete uye yakareba petioles inonyoro uye yakasviba. Mitsva miviri inobereka inoumbwa pamuti.
• Makuru - petalled - zvakasiyana-siyana zvakasiyana-siyana, izvo zvinoumba rosette ine simba yemashizha, ane petioles emumvu mutsvuku. Kureba kwavo hakusi kudarika 60 masentimita uye upamhi hwema 2.5 cm.Vane ruzha runonakidza uye nyoro nyama.

• Gigantic - iyi inoreva kureva, izvo zvinofadza kukohwa, apo zvitsva zvekare zvakatove zvarumbuka uye zvakanyanyisa. Iti petioles yakakura, kusvika pamamita mita yakareba, nehupamhi hwemasendimita mana, muzvvuku.

Kudyara rhubarb

Nzvimbo yekudyara simiti inogona kusarudzwa chero ipi-inonyatsonzwa uye mu penumbra, pazvivako zvepurazi, pakati pemiti. Rhubarb frost uye kusanaya kwemvura, nokuti ine midzi ine simba. Asi zvinoshandiswa kana ivhu riri pasi pegwenzi risingapindiki, zvishoma ivhu, kuitira kuti unyoro hunodiwa nehuhubarb huri nani hunochengeterwa. Kudyara kunoitwa mushure mekugadzira kwakanaka kwekutanga kwewaiti, sangano uye yakaoma fertilizer, madota, inoiswa mazviri.

Mbeu dzekudyara rhubarb dzinodiwa munguva yechando pakarepo kusvika panzvimbo inogara. Vachakurira mukati megore, nokukurumidza apo simbi pamwe nekupisa zvinotangwa. Majeremusi haatyi mafirimu emakore -7 ° C.

Mune imwe nzvimbo, rhubarb inogona kukura kwemakore akawanda. Asi nekufamba kwenguva inokura, mashizha anova maduku zvikuru, petioles vanorasikirwa ne juiciness uye kutapira. Saka, mbeu yemiriwo inofanirwa kudyarwa kwemakore gumi. Iyi inguva yakareba, saka kana uchisima gwenzi rinofanira kugoverwa nemuviri kwemakore akawanda.

Chii chaunoda kuziva kana uchidyara rhubarb?

Kudyara kunosanganisira kuvapo kwemakomba akakura okudyara, anenge akafanana neapi pasi pemichero yemichero: yakadzika haisi pasi pemakumi mashanu cm.Vakazadzwa nevhu rakaorera uye humus. Muchidziro chimwe nechimwe zvinodiwa kuwedzera superphosphate uye shoma remadota.

Kutarisira

Mushure mokukohwa gwenzi kunodyiswa, kudira pasi payo ibhakiti re humus nemamineral fertilizer. Muchirimo, ivhu riri pasi pegwenzi rinosunungurwa chete, rinonwisa kana zvichidikanwa. Muchirimo, kupfekedzwa kwemhando chete kunogona kudyidzwa, sezvo mashizha avo uye mashizha asina kupinda muchikafu.

Rhubarb isingateereri mukutarisira uye nyore nyore kushivirira zvikanganiso zvishoma mukombiyuta yekurima. Kuchengetedza iyi simiti yakajeka nyore, kurarama nayo inogona uye muvambi wekutanga. Inosanganisira mabasa anotevera:

• Kusunungurwa kwevhu muchitsime, shure kwekudziya kwayo;
• Kutora kukura kwevhu, kusvika pamasendimita makumi matatu;
• Kukohwa nekuputsa, panzvimbo yekuchekerera miti;
• Kuchera kwemukoko wepamusoro pamusoro pechitsuwa pakuvamba kwamazuva e frosty.

Top dressing

Kuchengetedza kwemuti unosanganisira nekuita kufunganya kubva kuhuwandu:

• Muchikwata, kwete mashekeri gumi nemasere ega ega ega ega ega (peat compost kana manyowa);
• Muchirimo, 30 gm ammonium nitrate yakawedzerwa, iyo inofanira kuwedzerwa ne potassium munyu uye superphosphate;
• Imwe nguva yegore iwe unofanirwa kuita zvinotevera pasi pegwenzi: pamamiriyoni gumi emvura, unofanira kuwedzera teaspoon (ine slide) ye urea, supuni ye nitrosfos uye 500 gm mullein.

Kubereka

Saka, takaona kuti rhubarb chii uye kuti ingakukura sei panzvimbo yevhu. Inoramba ichitaura kuti inogona kuwedzerwa sei kana iwe uchida nhamba yakakura ye petioles inobatsira uye inonaka.

Rhubarb inoparadzira mbeu uye vegetatively. Chinhu chechipiri chinosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwegwenzi revanhu vakuru (pasina makore anopfuura mashanu). Iyi nzira haina kukurudzirwa panguva yekurira.

Gwenzi rinoparadzaniswa mumusiki kana kutanga kwevhu (asati isva). Bvunza gwenzi rakaparadzana muzvikamu zvakasiyana. Nokudyara, miviri ine utano nemaviri kana matatu matatu apical buds, ayo asina kuvigwa kwete kupfuura masentimita maviri, achaita.

Kana iwe uchida kubereka mbeu ye rhubarb, saka inofanira kuvharwa mumvura kwemaawa gumi. Kuti uunganidze mbeu kubva mugwenzi rako, siya kubva pane yakawanda maruva inobva mumuti wemakore matatu. Mushure mokunge inflorescence inosviba, mbeu inogona kuunganidzwa uye yakaoma.