Mutengesi unyanzvi. Master Jewelcrafting

Jewelry uri - ndiye anogadzira zvinhu zvigadzirwa siyana, kazhinji zvinokosha simbi vachishandisa anokosha. Pakutanga, zvinhu zvakanga zvisina chete runako, asiwo kuti kusimbisa yakakwirira munzanga yacho muridzi kana muridzi. Uyewo chishongo kazhinji raibva mashiripiti ushande. Ivo anoshandiswa Somuenzaniso, sezvo anodzivirira nemazango uye mascots. Nhoroondo zvishongo yakatanga kusvika kare. Pakutanga, pakusikwa zvishongo harirevi chero kubudiswa mhando kwakanga. Kubva kusika nokusingaperi zvikuru kunzwisisa uye yakagozha kushongedzwa pamusoro emakore vakwana unyanzvi, mhizha. Ngativerengei kuronda nhoroondo zvishongo raanoziva uye vanouti vatenzi zvikuru.

muIjipiti

Mutengesi iwe yakazokudziridzwa zvinoshamisa zvakanaka muIjipiti yekare. Zvishongo vakasikwa ikoko, achiri vanoshamiswa runako kwayo uye kunzwisisa. In chimiro kakawanda kufanana zvifananidzo zvavanamwari yekare. VaIjipiti vekare vaidavira kuti kushongedzwa rinoitwa zvemashiripiti mabasa: kuchengetedza pamusoro chirwere uye zvitsinga zvakaipa, kubatana murume ane zvakasikwa.

Wear chishongo aivimba dzimwe nhengo dzomuviri. Chokutanga, kwaiva munharaunda mwoyo (riri kuonekwa rinonyatsooneka muviri). Kumudzivirira, chipfuva akapfeka chigadzirwa ari muchimiro scarab. Beetle inomirira simba, basa, rumuko. Chimwe chinokosha chaiva pakati pahuma. vatenzi Ancient, achiita zvishongo wake, achishandisa zviratidzo simba uye uchenjeri, kufanana nyoka mufananidzo. Kutaura mabikirwo mukugadzira mishonga, zvinogona kucherechedzwa kuti kazhinji kuiswa kudzingana uye achiita zvokutemera, uye aida vaIjipiti zvinhu zvaiva goridhe, sirivha, obsidian neametesti.

Greece yekare

unyanzvi Great uye nokungwarira zvakasiyana yekare damas uri Greece. A kufarira Nzira yacho vatenzi aiva muzviruva - kuita muenzaniso kunzwisisa zviri dzakatetepa goridhe kana sirivha waya, soldered kuti simbi background. Most rinowanzoshandiswa ichi maruva design: ruvara mufananidzo, mashizha, muzambiringa.

Kubva zvinhu kupfuura zvose inoremekedzwa goridhe - chicherwa vaGiriki vekare vaiti mashiripiti ehupfumi. Kazhinji, zvishongo akasimbisa mamiriro muridzi, saka wakawondereiko kudai mazuva ose uye kuoma kwaiva basa, zvikuru dzinodhura zvinokosha. Vakadzi Rich Greek aipfeka siyana zvishongo. In rukudzo vaiva kwezvokufuka zvigadzirwa nokuti bvudzi uye mutsipa, uyewo zvamaoko. Kunze zvichida chaiva kuti Sparta - vakadzi zvemo havana akasvibirira uye chinoshamisira zvishongo, achisarudza nyore simbi zvishongo.

Jewelcrafting Renaissance

Jewelry Renaissance unoshamisa mune akanaka dzavo, runako uye kunzwisisa. Masters dzakasiyana-siyana unyanzvi, kusanganisira nekusimbisa, nebefu, okurwadzisa uye enamel. Vari zvikurukuru kufurirwa Zvisinei, netsika dzekare, akaitwa, uye zviri kwese kwemakore maitiro.

Nokudaro, zvishongo haisi zvikuru zvinoratidza mamiriro muridzi, sezvo anosimbisa rakanatswa kunaka uye fungidziro. Vane yakasiyana uye nevamwe. mabwe Semi-anokosha, nedzamaparera * nedzemucheka enameled zvikamu shongedza kwete chete zvishongo, asiwo akasvibirira Vakadzi 'madhirezi. Kuwedzera kukurumbira uye hombe kuturika zvindori.

MuGermany, vanatenzi kushandiswa kujairika zvinhu coconut anoshongwa, mazai nemhou uye Shell.

Jewelers Ancient Rus

Russian zvishongo iwe ine nhoroondo huru. Uchapupu uhwu ndiwo ano matongo Zvakafukunurwa: unhu uye nokungwarira basa remhizha yekare rova ikozvino. Jewelry art Russia yekare yakanga kuvhiringidzwa Air, Oriental uye Byzantine mutsika, uye panguva imwecheteyo zvakabatana chaizvo kuti achabatira kutsika.

Masters kumakona zvose Kievan Rus 'vaiva vanatenzi muchina nzira, kusanganisira iwe Kudzingwa, muzviruva uye moto goridhe. Novgorod aiva nemukurumbira kwayo kwezvishongo yakagadzirwa anokosha simbi. Kiev jewelers ane unoshamisa kugona kugadzirisa anokosha. Rakajairika zvemaoresa ndivo nezvindori anonzi temberi, izvo yakarukwa kupinda bvudzi kana yakaturikwa kubva headgear. Vakadzi vaipfeka siyana zvamaoko nezvomumutsipa pamwe pendants.

Russia muna XIV - XVII emakore

Nokuuya pamusoro wechiTatar-Mongol mapoka zvishongo bhizimisi nayo paaizooneka inokanganikwa kusvika zana remakore. vadzidzisi vazhinji vakafa kana vakatorwa kuti basa iri Horde vatongi. Chete panguva pakuguma XIV remakore anotanga zvishoma nezvishoma kudzokera yekare unyanzvi. Jewelry raanoziva centre anova Moscow, riri dzakakurumbira chaizvo unyanzvi pamwe muzviruva sirivha.

In XVI - XVII emakore zvishongo uri vachishingaira anoshandisa enamel uye anokosha. Jewellery nguva iyi yokusafa wakapfuma, uchenjeri uye ruvara saturation. Mabwe wo zvakasiyana Nokupenya - nokukudzwa nesafiro, anovaima uye esimaragidhino. Zvinonzi yava kunzi ichatonga zvine mbiri blackening unyanzvi. Maguta akawanda vari silversmithing nzvimbo.

European Jewellery kubva XVIII remakore

Muzana XVIII remakore vaiva hukuru okuruka Baroque uye Rococo. Izvi zvinoshandawo zvishongo. Iva mufashoni quirkiness, nokubwinya uye mavara akajeka. Panyaya iyi, aitungamirira nzvimbo ndiko French mutengesi wacho unyanzvi. Zvakanga ipapo vawana yokushongedzwa fomu ano. In mufashoni kuti zvishoma nezvishoma zvinosanganisira zvishongo ensembles, mukurumbira nevanhu vakapfuma vanoshandisa chishongo guru. Chinonyanya kufarira mabwe mangoda yellowish, pinkish uye rinokwanisa kucheneruka hues, uye vari kushandiswa mune varume uye vakadzi inoita.

Russia muna XVIII remakore

In Russia muna XVIII remakore zvishongo unyanzvi maruva. Izvi zvakanga kukonzerwa kuti kuchinja Peter I. Kubvira ipapo, zvishongo basa iri vachishingaira akakwereta dzinokura European, apo ukaramba kuzivikanwa kwavo. In Russia kazhinji kuuya mhiri kwemakungwa vanatenzi. Pakati pavo - yakakurumbira Zheremi Poze, aishanda mudare kwemakore makumi matatu uye zvakasikwa ounyanzvi ari mutengesi wacho unyanzvi kwechokwadi. basa rake yakanakisisa riri kuonekwa Great Imperial Crown, akaitira Catherine II. A rakasiyana chigadzirwa ane anoda kusvika zviuru zvishanu mangoda. Zvino kakasaririra ichi nokungwarira kunodzivirira rakasiyana miziyamu zvishongo - Diamond Fund muMoscow.

Kazhinji, kushandisa matombo anokosha ari kuva nevanhu panguva ino. Pamabwe, inopenya, zvakaisvonaka yakashongedzwa uye kupatsanurwa, ivo zvakakwana mukwanisi nokushongedza dzoumambokadzi anokudzwa Vakadzi uye madzishe.

Sezvineiwo, uyewo shoko "mupfuri wendarama" pacharo akapinda kushandiswa muzana XVIII remakore. It chakatsiva zita asi refu kuti "ndarama wesirivha."

Europe iri XIX remakore

In pakati zvishongo mubhizimisi XIX remakore kuri kwose kwose. Panguva iyoyo yakatanga kushandiswa matombo zvishoma anokosha uye zvinhu: Tria Rose, dombo rekristaro, malachite, chakagadzirwa mangoda. Jeweled Arts pamusoro majana uye zvinonyatsorehwa manyorerwo - anouya yokutsiva Rococo classicism ukuwo, zvishongo kuwedzera inoomesera uye zvakanaka rakagadzirirwa. Products nematombo anokosha zvishoma nezvishoma kurega kuti kushandiswa masutu evanhu, asi mapfekero zvinosanganisira zvokuchunisa kuti kufamba zvimiti uye nendiro zvinodhura.

Kubva anozivikanwa vemifananidzo zvinogona kupatsanurwa dare mutengesi pamusoro Napoleon I Martina Giyoma Bienne. Muzana XIX remakore vari zvichiitika dzimba akakurumbira zvakadaro Cartier uye Tiffany.

Mamiriro ezvinhu Russia muna XIX remakore

The soro pamwero zvishongo uri Russia kwakasvikwa XIX remakore. Panguva ino, substantially kuchinja vatungamirire basa, vanatenzi vari kuedza ringabviswa netsika European uye kudzokera nemakore Russian, kupa zvinhu rudzi munuhwi. Kunyanya fashoni anova mvura namaparera.

MuMoscow uye St. Petersburg pane guru emakambani sirivha negoridhe yacho. Kunyanya kuzivikanwa yemakambani Ovchinnikov, Postnikov, hama Grachev uye, chokwadi, Karla Faberzhe. unyanzvi hwake zvinoshamisa kuti chozvikunda kwete chete kuziva Russian, asiwo youmambo muvanze Western Europe. Zvisinei, zvigadzirwa zvavo zviripo uye vanhuwo mutengi - tiri kutaura nyaya uye silverware.

Maererano nenyanzvi, kuguma XIX - mangwanani XX remakore ndiro yendarama zera wokuRussia zvishongo unyanzvi.

remakore rechimakumi maviri

Muzana remakore rapfuura iri kwezvishongo vakaumba vakawanda dzokugara. In okutanga emakore ari koshesa manyorerwo ndiye ano. Unyanzvi zvishongo pesvedzero yake akaziva kwazvo kunzwisisa maumbirwo uye yakashongedzwa nezvishongo. Achishingaira kushandiswa Platinum, palladium, anodized aruminiyamu. Zvakare kuwedzera kukurumbira mangoda. Fashion kwezvishongo uye anova, iro vakapararira yekudyidzana kufurirwa vakakurumbira Koko Shanel.

Munguva yehondo uye pashure pehondo makore, zvigadzirwa vave zvikuru nyore, goridhe rinowanzoshandiswa chakatsiva nendarira. Muhafu yechipiri yezana remakore pasi pokudzora asiri conformist pfungwa vatenzi kutanga kushandisa kujairika zvinhu, kare zvisingafungidziriki kuti bhizimisi zvishongo: huni, mapurasitiki, simbi uye nevamwe. With kukura yakagozha michina kuonekwa kwezvishongo namabwe norwaivhi kuti anogona kuchinja ruvara zvichienderana tembiricha kuchinja kana ari kufara muridzi. Rinova yakakurumbira cultured maparera mavara akasiyana.

Munguva Soviet, Russian zvishongo makambani zvibereko zvakawanda vakawanda kugadzirwa. Asi pakupera rokupedzisira remakore vatenzi ano mimba ndiponesezve neboka revanhu vaipfura Jewelers yeRussia kudzosa unyanzvi zvishongo kumbiri yayo yokutanga.

panguva ndimi

Mazuvano, zvishongo raanoziva, zvichida kunyange kupfuura kare, inova unyanzvi. Zvishongo ndiwo fomu rimwe hwokusika okuti. Modern emakambani vari kushandisa maturusi zvikuru nyanzvi uye zvinowanika. Zvisinei, zvakawanda zviri kugadzirwa chakaita zvokugadzirwa nezvinhu. Uye kunyange zvazvo vasingagoni kurova runako uye vakakwana dzinongoitika mabwe, asi vakakodzera kukwikwidzana navo.

Contemporary kwezvishongo uri kuenderera zvakafanira tsika dzekare. Uye kushandisa michina mitsva unokubvumira kusika zvimwe kujairika uye dzinonakidza zvemaoresa.