Ndeipi iyo lynx inorarama, mune imwe nzvimbo. Lynx: chii chinodya, inogara

Munharaunda yekuchamhembe yenyika yepasi redu, kune nzvimbo dzakakura zvikuru umo lynx inogara. Mhuka idzi dzinotyisa kubva kumhuri yekati dzinogona kuwanika kwete munzvimbo dzomusango chete, mumasango emaodzanyemba, asi kunyange mumatundra.

Kunotsanangurwa Kunze

I-lynx inoratidzika sekaka rakakura zvikuru, yakasiyana chete nemuswe mutsvuku nemakumbo pamazano ezveveveve. Kurema kwayo kunowanzosingapfuuri 25 kg, uye urefu hwemuviri hunogona kubva kune 75 kusvika 130 cm. Mushonga unoumbwa nejasi rakagadziriswa, rakasimba, rakafanana nesheve. Uturu hwakanyanya kwazvo, kunyanya munguva yechando, apo chisiko chinowanikwa. Kazhinji kazhinji kune mhuka dzine tsvuku-guru uye ruvara rwemavara, chakasvibiswa munzvimbo yose. Asi ruvara rwejasi runobva kune zvisikwa uye pane uko lynx inorarama, munharaunda ipi, saka kune imwe mvuri.

Mitezo yakasiyana zvakasiyana mukugadzirwa kubva pamagetsi. Hondo dzemakumbo dzakapfuvura yakareba kupfuura zvigadzirwa zvepamberi uye dzine minwe mina chete. Munguva yechando, mahwendefa akazara nehudzi hwakaoma, iyo inobvumira mhuka kuti iende nyore nyore kuburikidza nechando pasina kuwira mumagetsi echando. Paws inoratidzika zvakanyanya kudarika chikara chakadaro, asi ichi chimiro chinobatsira mhuka kuti ibudirire kushandira, kuwana zvokudya. Nyeredzi dzakanaka mumakanzwa dzinoshanda seantenna, nekuda kwekuti lynx inonyatsonzwa manzwiro akanyarara. Mhuka iyi inokwira zvakakwana (kusvika mamita 4 murefu), inokwira miti uye inomhanya zvakanyanya. Kufanana nemitezo yese yemhuri yekati, inoratidzwa ne simba uye zvisingaenzaniswi zvakasiyana.

Mhando

Nhengo ye lynx inosanganisira mitauro yakawanda: Pyrenean, Canada, tsvuku, Eurasian inowanzoitika. Chinyanyo chiduku ndeche-lynx mutsvuku, inogara muNorth America. Kureba kwayo hausi kwemasentimita makumi matatu nemasere pakusvava. Mumiririri mukuru wemarudzi aya ndeyeEurasian lynx, inogara inenge iri muRussia, kusanganisira Arctic, uye inogona kuwanika munzvimbo dzisingakundiki dzeSiberia. Masango asina maturo, mashizha emhuka mhuka - idzi ndiyo nzvimbo dzinogara mhenje.

Zvinonyanya kukoshesa muhukuru iCanada lynx, iyo iri hama yepedyo yeEurasian. Iyi kamu yeNorth America inogara munharaunda yose yeCanada neyokumusoro kweAmerica, inosarudza kugarisa mumasango e coniferous, uko kune mazamu akadzika.

Imwe mhando dzakasiyana ndiyo inonzi yakaonekwa nePyrenean trot. Icho chiri pamucheto wekupera. KuPortugal chete uye kumaodzanyemba kweSpain, mhuka idzi dzinowanzowanikwa. Kudyara kwemiti kwakatungamirira kukuti nzvimbo inogara lynx iri kuwedzera. Mukuwedzera, nekuda kwehuno hwakanaka hwechiedza chakajeka vatsva vemavara vanowanzopfura mhuka idzi.

Habitat

Lynx inowanikwa munenge nyika dzose dzeEurope, uyewo muMongolia, Kazakhstan, Greece, China, Azerbaijan neGeorgia. Panyika yeAmerica, nhamba huru yezvikara izvi inowanikwa kumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweU.SA, kuCanada neMexico.

MuRussia, guru revanhu vakawanda rakanyorerwa mumatare etaiga uye munharaunda yemasango akavhenganiswa. Munguva ichangopfuura, mhuka dzakagara muKamchatka. Nyika yedu yakakura, saka nzvimbo iyo trot inogara muRussia inogona kunge iri kure zvikuru. Somugumisiro, mhuka dzemhando imwechete dzinogona kunge dzakasiyana zvakasiyana kwete muhukuru asiwo muvara, chidimbu chekuona.

Nzvimbo inofarira ye lynx masango emhuka mhuru - ndiyo yakanakisisa kuronga air ipapo. Muzhinji, mutongi uyu anosarudza kugara chero musango (coniferous, mixed, mountainous), apo bhebhe nejeri zvinorarama. Lynx inogona kuwanikwa mumusango-tundra, uko kune akawanda shrubs, zvimwe zvinomera zvishoma, uye kunyange kunze kweArctic Circle.

Chii chinodyiwa trot?

Iyo mhuka, zvinoenderana, inosarudza nyama itsva, iyo inoda kudarika 2-3 kg pazuva. Chinhu chokuvhima mhuka dzakasiyana-siyana - kubva pambeve-mhepo kune mhando yemhuka uye yemhuka. Zvokudya zvinoenderana nenzvimbo. Asi mushandi mukuru we lynx inowanzonyoresa. Inobva mukuwanda kwayo munharaunda iyo lynx inogara kuti hupenyu hwavo hunoenderana. Mumwe akabatwa anokwana chikara kune mazuva mana. Semitemo, inofungidzira pamusoro pavo kunyanya munguva yechando, apo kusarudzwa kwezvokudya zvishoma. Mune taiga, mabhudzi anowanzotora mhuka iyi yakaoma. I-lynx inogona kukanganisa uye isinganzwisisiki kuswedera pedo kune munhu akaurayiwa uye kumuuraya nehope imwechete yeimba yake ine simba. Pamusoro pezvo, mafungiro makuru emhondi anofanana nemakona eingwe kana ingwe. Uye pakati pezvinyorwa uko kune vazhinji vakaurayiwa vanowira mumatambudziko aya. Kazhinji iyo yakasviba grouse, capercaillie uye hazel grouse.

Lifestyle

Lynx mhuka imwe chete. Muhupenyu hwake haawanzogadziri chero ruzha. Kurira kunopinza kwe lynx, kufanana nekati, kunogona kunzwika chete panguva yehututu, iyo inowanzoitika munaFebruary. Mhuka iyi inongwarira zvikuru. Zuva rose iro lynx rinopinda muimba yake, iyo iri mumvura yakadzika kazhinji. Mangwanani acho manheru, anoenda achivhima. Inotungamirira mararamiro ehupenyu uye chete kana zvokudya zvekudya munzvimbo yekugara zviguma, zvinoenda kune imwe ndima. Nokuti rimwe zuva rinokwanisa kukunda kure nemamita 30 km.

The habits

Iwe unogona kuwana ruzivo rwakanyanya pamusoro pe-lynx - chii chinodyisa, iyo inorarama, asi tsika dzisina kujairika dzinofanirwa kutarisirwa. Semuenzaniso, mhuka iyi inodya nyama yakachena chete, inopisa mhuka. Haana kudzokera kune zvakasara zvezvakapambwa, kunyange zvazvo achiviga muvhu. Uye inoita izvi zvisingasviki, uye mapoka nemaperevhisi anotevera anowanzoshandisa zvinyorwa zvemutambo.

Mumwe nomumwe ane nharaunda yake yekuvhima. I lynx inopa ropa. Anovhima kazhinji nguva dzose uye kazhinji anouraya mhuka zvakawanda kupfuura zvaanogona kudya. Kumapfudze lynx ane rudo husina kunaka, runokonzerwa nekukwikwidza kwezvokudya. Asi kuuraya furo, hapangambovi imwe. Kuvhima kwe lynx kunowanzoguma muhombe. Akamirira mhuka dzayo pamuti, anozvikanda nemheni paari. Kutenda kune dzakagadzirwa nemakumbo echirema, lynx inogona kubata kunyange shiri dzinobhururuka kubva pasi.

Kana pasina fodhi yakakwana musango, mhuka inogona kushanyira misha iri pedyo nemapurazi. Izvo hazvisi nyore kwaari kudhonza chicken kana kunyange gwayana.

Kubereka

Munguva yekubata, mukadzi ari pamwe nevarume vanoverengeka, avo vanoramba vachipesana. Mimba inotora inenge mwedzi miviri. Anenge maawa mashanu asati aberekwa, lynx inotanga kuronga air. Kazhinji unozviita panzvimbo yakakwirira - mumakomba emiti kana mumatombo ematombo. Mabheji anoonekwa muchiedza pamagumo eApril - kutanga kwaMay, mapofu, achiyera kusvika magiramu 300 uye kuvhura maziso avo muvhiki mbiri chete.

Amai vanovadyisa nemukaka wake kwemwedzi, zvino vanotanga kuunza vana mice, marara. Pazera remwedzi mitatu vana vanotevera amai, uye mwedzi miviri gare gare vanotanga kuwana unyanzvi hwekutanga hwokuvhima ivo pachavo. Pavanova negore rimwe chete, amai vavo vanovadzinga kure navo, vanotanga hupenyu huri voga. Mumakore nehafu vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde, varume vanokura gore gare gare. Izvo zvinotarisirwa kurarama kwemararamiro anowanikwa mumakore 15-20.

Pasinei nokuti hapana nzvimbo dzakawanda pasi pano iyo lynx isingagari mumusango, vanhu vechirume ichi vari kupera. Chikonzero chacho ndiko kuparadzwa kwezvisikwa zvepanyama nekuvhima zvakanyanya mhuka idzi dzakanaka. Mune dzimwe nyika dzeEurope, ivo vakatotoparara zvachose.