Ndezvipi nemifananidzo, uye zvavari

"Rega ndikuudze nyaya kungozvifunga matatu, aida kuziva kuti moto kutanga kwavo naye vari kure akadzoka akandozivisa kuti moto -. Ndicho chiedza vamwe nendege pedyo uye dzakapiswa bapiro" Moto - .. Ko kupisa "- akati wechitatu shavishavi nendege chaipo uye akanyangarika emoto nokusingaperi zvino iye aiziva zvakanga, asi ndakanga ndisingagoni kuudza ichi kuti munhu kundoudza munhu anoziva, anyerere, uye uyo anoti, -... handizivi" - panguva ino kazhinji ichimuremera kumbomira, uye vateereri anopiwa mukana wokufungisisa D akaudza.

Unofungei, kuti chii chokuita mabhuku Genre nyaya? Chokwadi, ndizvo mufananidzo. Zvinorehwa ichi - iri pfupi anorayiridza nyaya, izvo allegorically akatiudza uchenjeri, tsika kana murayiridzo rechitendero mhando.

Chii chinonzi mufananidzo

Ngationgororei pfungwa iyi kunyatsotevera. The lexical zvinoreva shoko "mufananidzo" rinoburitsa musimboti wenyika mabhuku chaiyo. Chokutanga, sezvo isu munotoriziva, nyaya iyi hazvigoni kuva refu. Haina zvakawanda kurondedzerwa chiito, vevatambi evanhu uye nyaya, dzakadai iri ngano. Uyezve, kusiyana ngano, mufananidzo haisi nguva dzose netsika miromo. Events kwete kupenda, uye vari kunzi background, kana kuti nhumbana imwe mhando, umo vanofanira kuumba pfungwa huru.

Saka chii chinonzi mufananidzo? Ichi pakudzidzisa tsika, akapfeka isina zvemafaro nzira, sezvo isu aiti nhasi vadzidzisi muduku kukura. Get kanenge nyaya kungozvifunga. Kana isu chete akati chokupedzisira mutongo, tingadai zvakaomera akaziva, ndoda rangarira zvachinoreva. Asi nemhaka yakaisvonaka uye yakajeka nhoroondo dambanemazwi mumusoro yedu vave panyaya mumasekonzi, uye isu kunyatsonzwisisa pfungwa kuti takanga kuedza kutaura. Panyaya iyi, kuguma nyaya anopiwa tsanangudzo zvainonyatsoreva, asi haugari kuitika. Vamwe nemifananidzo musapa "apindura zvakanaka" kune wokupedzisira peji, uye ipapo munhu anodudzira kuzvisiyanisa.

Ndezvipi mifananidzo

Genre rino rakashandiswa kubva kare nedzidziso dzechitendero uye nouzivi zvakasiyana. Saka, pane kwouzivi Oriental, Confucian, Sufi, mifananidzo yechiKristu. Uye ichi hachisi chinhu mishoma navo. Pano zvakakodzera kuyeuka yakakurumbira Caucasian toasts, anowanzoshandurwa wakanyanga chimiro mufananidzo, nei uye aida kure rakaorera gomo siyana.

"Proverbs"

Vazhinji vedu takanzwa zita, asi vanoziva here kuti "Zvirevo zvaSoromoni." Uyu ndiwo mumwe yemabhuku Old Testament, ane munyori aiva mambo waIsraeri, Soromoni. Rinoti uchenjeri nezivo yake uye chaakapiwa naMwari. Rimwe zuva Soromoni akafunga kugoverana navo, uye "akataura" zvirevo zviuru zvitatu. Vamwe vavo vakauya chimiro bhuku rechi20 muBhaibheri (Old Testament) uye inomiririra zvakawanda mashoko uye dzidziso dzechitendero uye dzetsika misoro pane mifananidzo iri ainakidza mupfungwa. Nokuti chii chinonzi mufananidzo? Zvakafanana aunotoziva, ndeyokufananidzira nyaya anotitungamirira zvimwe mhedziso. Bhuku racho rinewo Soromoni yakananga mashoko uye mazano, izvo pachavo vane tsika.

Gospel

Zvakasiyana nemifananidzo vakaudza naJesu Kristu ari muTestamende Itsva kana Gospel. Simple nyaya dzoupenyu hwezuva nezuva kana chokwadi vakavapoteredza panguva kududzira kutora pamusoro dzakadzama tsika, anoratidza kuti munhu zvomudzimu nzira kuna Mwari.

Yeuka mufananidzo "pamusoro anopambadza." Baba vangu vaiva vanakomana vaviri. Senior nesimba aishanda nababa vake. Muduku akabvunza mugove wake nhaka uye akaenda kunonamata uye atungamirire simbe upenyu. Mushure mari payakapera, uye oedza kuwana kunyange mabasa zvikuru rakaderera dzakaguma muna kukundikana, mwanakomana vakadzokera kumusha mukutendeuka. Chinhu choga kwaakadeya kurota pamusoro ndiko kuwana kuregererwa baba vake uye afufurwa semushandi. Fungidzira kushamisika ake uye mufaro wakati akakwazisa nemaoko uye kumuremekedza. Mwanakomana wedangwe akagumbuka uye anozvidza baba vake kuti vanosangana vakaipa nomufaro zvokuti - akatendeka uye vaishanda nesimba mwanakomana wababa vake - ndamboona. Akagamuchira pamusoro mhinduro: "Imi vagara pano. zvangu zvose - ndezvako. Uye ndinofara kuti mukoma wako akanga akafa uye zvino araramazve; akanga arasika, zvino awanikwa. " Dudziro mufananidzo uyu mashoma, asi ivo vose vanobvumirana rimwe chinhu: baba - ndiMwari. About hama vane mikana mishoma. Maererano nomumwe wavo, mukuru mukoma - munhu akarurama, Jr. - penitent. Pane shanduro pasi mukoma ainzwisisa vakasarudzwa vanhu vaMwari yechiJudha, uye pasi mudiki - vahedheni vanozvitsvaka uye kuwana nyasha dzaMwari.

Sufi

Panyaya kuti Sufis, kwete saka nyore kupa mhinduro chaiwo. Zvisinei, dzidziso iyi yechitendero, vakaona somumwe mapazi Islam, isinei naye. Vatakuri Sufi nemaonero aiva dervishes - vanomimina husingaperi, achitsvaka nzira Chokwadi kana Mwari, izvo mumwe uye zvakafanana. Munhu anogona kunzi Sufi, kana ari kutsvaka nzira chokwadi, kuti kuvandudzwa pakunamata uye kuvandudzika kuri chero aiva hurongwa. "Kuva Sufi kuva chii iwe pamberi akazviratidza munyika," - mashoko rimwe vateveri dzepamusorosoro dzidziso iyi - Sheikh Abu Bakr al-Shibli. Tine mukana kubata kunzwisisa Sufism kuburikidza kujairirana wavo anoshamisa nemifananidzo, uzere nouchenjeri uye rudo.

kupera

Zvino, tinoziva iwe, chii chinoumba mufananidzo nokuti zvavari uye akanyora navo. Asi kuti kunyatsonzwisisa zviri zvikuru mashiripiti mugumisiro Genre iyi kugona kwavo kufunga uye kudiwa kuaverenga pachako.