Ndianiko pacifist? Uyu ane rugare, nhengo runyararo kufamba munyika

Kubva kare kare, vanhu vakatambura zvechisimba uye hondo. Kuburikidza nhoroondo mugero vakapfuura "vaprofita" uyo akadzivirira rugare norunyararo. Nhasi, varwi rugare uye chiedza izvi inonzi kuvenga kurwisana.

Pfungwa ye "pacifist" uye "pacifism"

Shoko "pacifism" rine midzi Latin uye rinoreva "rugare-kugadzira", "akatakura nyika." Pfungwa iyi anogumisa dzematongerwe, magariro kufamba nouzivi, chinangwa nevakawanda ndiwo pakurwisa mhirizhonga, kugadzwa worugare, kudzivisa hondo uye ropa. Kazhinji merges pamwe antimilitarist rwokufamba Anti-imperialist hwokurwa, sezvo ane navo vakawanda Pfungwa midzi vasiri kurwisa munhu.

Pacifist - ubatanidzwe, mutsigiri runyararo kufamba. Munhu Vatsigiri zvachose kubviswa nechisimba, zvaraireva sechinhu unzenza chaiyo. vanorwa pacifist uye non-chisimba nzira: kuratidzira murunyararo, manifestos, kusvika nekuyanana kuburikidza Nhaurirano.

Kwakatangira pacifism

Shoko rokuti "pacifist" vakagamuchira Tsanangudzo nesayenzi chete XIX remakore, asi pamwe mambakwedza vanhu kwave nebope pakati pesimba zvakanaka uye zvakaipa.

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti nheyo pacifism, ake nzvimbo yechizvarirwo, ndiye chiBhudha. Dzidziso huru dzidziso iyi yechitendero-kwouzivi ndiyo asiri mhirizhonga uye murunyararo coexistence wemarudzi ose. Siddhartha Gautama - muvambi chiBuddha, Chokwadi, wokutanga anozivikanwa pacifist. Ari pasi VI remakore BC achiri. e. Aitsigira Kujekesa uye chisinga- zvokunamata kuburikidza kukura mupfungwa uye mumwoyo.

Historical kwawakabva runyararo sangano

Uyezve, Anti-hondo Baton akatora vaKristu vokutanga. Muzana II remakore BC. e. vakaramba kuita basa rechiuto, kuti arege kubatanidzwa muhondo uye kuuraya vanhu. Nokuti ichi, vazhinji anourayirwa kutenda, asi nhoroondo zvinyorwa uchapupu hwavo incredible stoicism uye nokutenda muna Kristu.

Pacifism kumbovhunduka kana vaKristu vakatora pfungwa "wakarurama" hondo. chitendero chechiKristu vakadzidzisa kuti chero hondo yorusununguko uye hondo kuzorwa muvengi itsvene. Asi havana mhiko kumbobvira kuenda hondo yokutanga, regai kuenda utsinye pamusoro unarmed, vanotsigira "rugare rwaMwari" pose.

Mugore XVI-XVII mazana emakore Europe yakatsvairwa hondo yechitendero. Raiva Reformation, kana nyika muKristu asina kuroorwa yakakamurwa kuva nhamba machechi National. Chokwadi uyu waiva vakavhengana nhoroondo yakaipa: pokubatwa ropa nokuda kwounyanzvi chaizvo Anti-hondo kufamba mhiri kuEurope. Vamiririri Its hunoshamisa vaiva Aleksandr mak, Dzhordzh Foks, Grebel, Marpek, Simons Erazm Rotterdamsky.

The Napoleonic Wars vaiva riwedzere kuti chidzoke inotevera sefungu pacifism. Held Anti-hondo mienzaniso congresses dzakawanda, kuvenga kurwisana akabvunza rambidza kwechiuto chiito ndisunungure hudyu marudzi ose uye kukakavadzana dzakawanda kugadziriswa mudare.

MuRussia, yakakurumbira pacifist vaigara XIX remakore. It - L. N. NdiTolstoy. mabasa ake nokuti rugare kusanduka kwenzanga uye kusakwanisika upi zvemagariro nechisimba vakaita abatsira zvikuru kuti dzidziso pamusoro pacifism.

mureza pacifist

Mushure Second World War, izvo kwakaurayisa mamiriyoni avanhu, pacifism razova chinhu chaizvo nevakawanda pfungwa. In musoro kukura vanhu vakaisa kumitemo zvevanhu, ruremekedzo uye rusununguko wacho. Zvino pacifist - haisi imwe mutungamiri, uyo anotambira rugare nyika, asi nhengo multi-mamiriyoni dhora rakarongeka kufamba, iro rine dzidziso dzayo, mahofisi uye nemahofisi dzakawanda.

Muna 1958, nokuti ayo chiratidzo kuvenga kurwisana vakatora chiratidzo, rwakazokura hwaro pamusoro Rune Algiz. chinyakare zvarinoreva - kudzivirira kuziva kuedza kumusoro. Ari inverted chimiro afanane muti, midzi muvhu, inomiririra chakavanzika ruzivo yekare uye uchenjeri.

Ichi chiratidzo pamusoro kuvenga kurwisana zvinoratidza mireza yavo anopapamisa ari mumaoko demonstrators iri Anti-yenyukireya Misangano mikuru uye pamusoro mabasa nevanozvitsigira zvenyika.