Neuroprotective zvinodhaka - chii? Nootropics. Kugadzirira nootropic chiito

Nootropics - chii mushonga uyu? Mhinduro kumubvunzo iwe kubva munyaya kuzviisa pasi. Uyezve, uchadzidza nhoroondo dzakavapo, misimboti kushanda, zvivako, zviratidzo uye migumisiro pamusoro kushanda.

tsananguro

Neuroprotective zvinodhaka - chii? zvinodhaka izvi kuvandudza pfungwa basa, kusimbisazve muviri uye achawedzera upenyu. It neyrometabolicheskie muviri kuti ane simba chaizvo kudzidza. Mukuwedzera, ivo yekudyidzana kuvandudza kuita pfungwa uye ndangariro. Shoko rokuti "nootropic" rinoumbwa nemashoko echiGiriki maviri νους uye τροπή, izvo zvinoreva kuti "pfungwa" uye "shanduko", ukuwo.

tsananguro

nootropic chiito zvinodhaka havana kirasi iri kupatsanura mishonga yokurapa. Ndokusaka vasina pamwe muviri uye vakanga kubatwa kusvika pharmacotherapeutic boka inotevera bumbiro kuKiriyati: N06VH.

Nhoroondo chiitiko

Muna 1963, ivo pharmacologists zveBelgium uye S. V. Skondia Giurgea synthesized zvinodhaka wokutanga kubva boka anomiririrwa - "Pyracetam". Nhasi nootropic zvinodhaka anozivikanwa varwere vakawanda se "Nootropil". Kufanana psychostimulant pakati pezana remakore rechi20, izvozvo anovandudza mupfungwa kugona womunhu uye nokudaro haana nemishonga.

Muna 1972, mumwe havaoni kuti medicament kwave aronga rokuti "nootropic" kureva boka zvinodhaka kuti tiwedzere rezvedzidzo ndangariro, kudzidza uye nzeve, uyewo kukanganisa dzingangoitika transcallosal nhaka antihypoxic basa uye regai kuva nemigumisiro pamusoro muviri.

Kusiyana anozivikanwa psychostimulants uye nootropics inotokonya masero etsinga, mamwe zvinoisa kuwedzera basa ravo, izvo quantitative pane Qualitative. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinoitwa dzakawanda zvinodhaka izvi hazvisi kwakaratidzwa pashure wokutanga dose uye kurapwa kwenguva refu.

tsva nootropics

Pari, vanopfuura 10 yepakutanga synthesized nootropics pyrrolidine series, vari kuyaruka 3 miedzo kurapwa, kana yave vakanyorwa mune dzimwe nyika. Pakati mishonga yakadaro vangazivikanwa "oxiracetam", "nefiracetam", "Etiratsetam", "Aniracetam", "Rolziratsetam", "Izatsetam", "pramiracetam", "Tsebratsetam", "Dupratsetam", "Detiratsetam" and said. Vakaisawo mishonga vane zvakafanana zita "racetam".

Kunze vamwe vose, uye synthesized vamwe nootropics mhuri kusanganisira GABAergic, cholinergic, glutamatergic uye peptidergic hurongwa. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti nootropic vanoshingaira chinoita aripo mune dzimwe medicaments vane yakasiyana namakemikari mavambo.

musimboti oparesheni

Nootropics - vorudzii zvinodhaka, uye zvavanotsvakira vakagadzwa? Hwaro kuchirapa chiito mishonga dzakadaro nhema zvigadziriswe akawanda:

• simba epurasitiki pezvakaitwa nechepakati tsinga nokuda vawedzere mapuroteni uye RNA usage;
• uvandudze simba ezvinhu Tutsinga tunofambisa mashoko utwu, izvo inoratidzwa kuwedzera ATP kwetunhu uyewo antihypoxic uye antioxidant zvinokonzerwa;
• mukuvandudza shuga Utilisation;
• vachisimbisa dzinotsanagura synaptic kupfuudzwa nechepakati tsinga;
• Kamudzira pakudzikamisa migumisiro.

Features zvinodhaka

The chikuru zvigadziriswe zvinodhaka zvakadaro vaiona zvavo zvakananga zvinosuruvarisa metabolic pezvakaitwa uye bioenergetics mumasero tsinga, uyewo kudyidzana pamwe nehurongwa uropi (achinyanya neurotransmitter).

It yagara vakaratidza kuti nootropics anogona Activate adenylate cyclase uye kuwedzera ayo wevasungwa munguva dzouropi. Uyezve, yakakwirira kwevari cyclic AMP kunotungamirira kuburikidza nokuchinja okuyerera intracellular Ca2 + ions uye K + kuti nokukurumidza kusunungurwa neurotransmitter kutsinga dzinouya dzouropi.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kusashanda adenylate cyclase anokwanisa kuramba kutsiga ATP kurimwa mumasero pasina oxygen, uye mumamiriro ezvinhu ose hypoxia kushandura pfungwa muviri ari kuchengetwa nzira.

Neuroprotective zvinodhaka vakwegura uye vana kunokosha kuwedzera okugadzira zvinhu zvavo nevakangwara kukura kunonoka kupora. Vagadziri vanosimudzira dzakadaro vanoti mishonga yavo kuvandudza muviri pamusoro nucleic acids, Activate puroteni kwetunhu ATP uye RNA vari zvakanaka zvinopfuura BBB asi kunowedzerawo mwero shuga Utilisation.

ehupfumi nootoropov

Kuvhiringidzwa vanoverengeka nootropic zvinodhaka dzimwe nguva vari yairevererwa kuburikidza uropi neurotransmitter hurongwa (cholinergic, monoaminergic, glutamatergic).

Maererano vagadziri, nootropics vanogona dzinoshandura dzimwe mhando kwemigumisiro, kusanganisira:

• antioxidant;
• Kamudzira pakudzikamisa;
• neuroprotection;
• Anti-hypoxic.

Other mishonga zvinobvira

Nootropics vanokurudzira kushandisa kuzvivako. Nekuti izvozvo chete hwakavandudzika bioelectrical basa uye integrative nebasa uropi, kuti hworatidza pacharo somunhu maitiro anopa electrophysiological kuchinja (akacherekedza nokuwedzera padanho takamuka, uyewo hune yepamusorosoro, mukaha ndima mashoko pakati hemispheres uropi, enhancement ari hama uye mhedziso eeg chakarondedzera simba hippocampus uye cortex).

Nokuvandudza cortico-subcortical kuzvidzora, kuvandudzika kwemashoko mukutsinhana muuropi, pesvedzero inobatsira kubereka uye paumbwe ndangariro zvisaririra, tinogona zvakachengeteka kutaura kuti zvinodhaka izvi kukonzera zvakawedzera kukwanisa kudzidza, kuvandudza ndangariro, mafungiro, kufunga, maonero, uye activation pakati rezvedzidzo mabasa .

Kutaura zvazviri, vagadziri vakawanda vanoti kuti maturusi izvi zvinogona yekudyidzana kuvandudza uye kuwedzera zvishande (kana zvishande) ushande. Zvisinei, mhosva idzi vasina yasimbiswa nesayenzi.

migumisiro

Maererano Vagadziri, mishonga nootropic vane pamusoro munhu kwechirwere zvinotevera:

1. Mnemotropnoe (sei kudzidza uye ndangariro).
2. Nootropic (kuchinja ufanane dzinonetsa mikana nezvakatongwa, uyewo kuvhiringidza ari cortical basa, kuvandudza cortical kudzora subcortical basa, kufunga, pfungwa uye kutaura).
3. Adaptogenic (kuchinja achishivirira kuti siyana zvinhu, kusanganisira kushandisa zvinodhaka, kuwedzera zvinonyatsorehwa kurwisa kwakaita nhengo kuti yokunyanyisa zvinhu).
4. Kuwedzera Kujeka nenhanho pfungwa, muka (nezvainoita mamiriro hana vaidzvinyirirwa uye rima).
5. Psychostimulant (kukanganisa inertia mupfungwa, hypobulia urombo vavariro, vasingakendengi, aspontannost uye psychomotor retardation).
6. Antiasthenic (zvazvinoita kuneta, lethargy, utera, mananara mumuviri nomupfungwa kuneta).
7. Nyaradzo (akaderedza kushatirwa uye mupfungwa excitability).
8. Antidepressant.
9. Antikineticheskoe.
10. Vegetative (kukanganisa dzungu, kutemwa uye tserebrastenicheskom chirwere).
11. Antiepileptic (paroxysmal simba nepfari basa).
12. Antiparkinsonian.
13. Energy.
14. Somatotropinostimuliruyuschee (kukura kemikari kusunungurwa kunoitika).
15. Hypoglycemic (kuderedza wevasungwa kuti shuga iri plasma).
16. Lipolytic (pasi shuga kukamurwa akabvumira simba ari muchimiro mafuta acids).
17. Antitoxic (excrete tsvina uye neutralize siyana zvinokuvadza).
18. Anabolic.
19. Immunostimulant.

Zviri zvakabatsirawo Kudzivirira sitiroko nootropic zvinodhaka?

Rudzii zvinodhaka, hatina kunzwisisa. Asi ichi zvinomutsa mubvunzo mutsva pamusoro sei vari nyanzvi pakurapa uye kudzivirira sitiroko. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti tsika iyi uchibvunzwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti kushandiswa nootropics pamusoro abnormalities akadaro havana yasimbiswa mushonga umboo anotsanangura.

zvekuchipatara chikumbiro

Tisati tsanangura chii mari anoshandiswa mukurapa pamutemo, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinodhaka nootropic pasina nachiremba vanachiremba havana kupiwa mu Pharmacies. Izvi zvinotsanangurwa nokuti ndevenyu chete mishonga boka sezvo akasimba muviri.

Pakutanga yapuwa mishonga inoshandiswa kurapa zvirwere kwouropi basa iri vanhu vakura vane makemikari pfungwa syndrome. Kunyange zvazvo kare mashoma apfuura (kazhinji munyika munyika rechitatu) vava zvikuru zvinowanzoshandiswa muminda siyana mishonga, kusanganisira vavhiyiwa, Pediatrics, wepfungwa, neurology, Muropa, uyewo obstetric uye geriatric tsika.

Nokudaro, nootropics dzinoshandiswa navanachiremba pa:

• chisingaperi cerebrovascular insufficiency;
• kudhaka;
• neurosis uye neurotic zvirwere;
• Dementia dzakasiyana kupi (penga nokuda kokuchembera, vascular uye cheAlzheimer);
• psihorganicheskom chirwere;
• dzechimwe Kukuvara uropi;
• vegetative-vascular dystonia;
• chepfungwa kweropa zvirwere;
• nevakangwara-mupfungwa zvirwere (vasingadzoreki wevasungwa, ndangariro uye mafungiro);
• chisingaperi udhakwa (psychoorganic urwere, encephalopathy, kurega);
• mwoyo, asthenic-depressive uye asthenic urwere;
• CNS;
• kuvandudza pfungwa basa.

Zvairatidza vana

Munyika dzichiri kusimukira, mari yakanyanya nevakawanda Pediatrics. Saka, vana nootropic zvinodhaka nachiremba:

• mupfungwa retardation;
• kunonoka kutaura uye kukura kwepfungwa;
• palsy;
• Migumisiro perinatal CNS maronda;
• nzeve dhefisiti.

Other zvairatidza yokushandisa

Best neuroprotective zvinodhaka - ndiro chinodhaka kuti ane raidudzwa kuchirapa kushanda uye haina kukanganisa zvakaipa pamusoro womunhu. Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti mishonga yakadaro dzimwe nguva kushandiswa:

• Nokundandama ( "Pantogam", "Phenibutum");
• kururamiswa neuroleptic syndrome ( "hopantenic asidhi", "Pyritinol", "deanol atseglumat", "Pantogam");
• hyperkinesis ( "hopantenic asidhi", "Phenibutum", "Memantine");
• dysuria ( "Pantogam", "nicotinoyl-neGhebha");
• hope zvirwere ( "Phenibut", "karusiyamu wegamma-hydroxybutyrate," "Glycine");
• migraine ( "Pyritinol", "nicotinoyl-neGhebha", "Semaks");
• dzungu ( "Ginkgo biloba", "Phenibutum", "Pyracetam");
• nokuti kudzivirira inofamba chirwere ( "neGhebha", "Phenibut").

Panzira, muna ophthalmic tsika, mari yakadai dzinoshandiswa sechikamu mubatanidzwa mishonga pachena-angled yemaziso, vascular zvirwere the retina uye macula ( "nicotinoyl-neGhebha"), uyewo zera-chokuita macular degeneration uye chirwere cheshuga retinopathy ( "Ginkgo biloba").

dzinongoitika nootropics

Kuwedzera mishonga, nokuti muviri chaizvoizvo zvinowanzooneka vakashandisa dzinongoitika fuma zvakafanana ehupfumi. Chokwadi, zvakasikwa nootropics hainyanyoshanda sezvo pharmacological vamiririri, asi pashure shomanana mashandisiro, varwere vachiri vanotanga kuona kuvandudzika zvishande basa, uye zvichingodaro.