Ode "Liberty": anoshanda ongororo

The Bourgeois chimurenga kuFrance kwakakonzera pokuwa Western European feudalism, kurwisana pakati vaidzvinyirirwa marudzi nokuda kworusununguko uye kukura kwavo zvitupa. In Russia panguva iyoyo akanakisisa vamiririri kwamachinda vaiziva kuti abolition pakati serfdom enyika zvakafanira nokuti aishanda chipingamupinyi upfumi uye evanhu kwemashoko munyika. Asi basa mberi nemifananidzo akanga yakatopamhama - vakazvigadzira chinangwa Kusunungurwa wacho, ake rusununguko pakunamata. kukunda reRussia pamusoro Napoleon, zvisapinda kwaizoita nyika, akarera netarisiro kuti nyika pakupedzisira kuitika munzanga kuchinja. Vazhinji vatungamiri iyoyo akadana mambo kuti anomhanyisa, kusarudza kuita.

The Musoro rusununguko nemabasa Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina

Kuburikidza zvose basa Alexander inopfuura pfungwa yakasununguka Russia. Nechekare mukutanga mabasa ake, iye akashora despotism uye zvakaipa wepanguva evanhu, pokufumura muchivadzvinyirira, kuparadza vanhu. Saka, kunyange makore 16 akanyora nhetembo "Licinius", uye muna 1818 - chimwe chezvinhu zamu nziyo vakazvitsaurira kuna rusununguko, - ". Vspryanet pahope" "Kuti Chaadaev", vakanzwa kudavira kuti nyika The Musoro rusununguko uye rinonzwika iri nhetembo "Arion", "In pakadzika kuSiberia ores", "Anchar" uye vamwe.

Kuunza ode "Liberty"

Zvisinei, maonero Pushkin vari kupfuura zvakajeka uye zvakazara kwakunoitwa yake yakakurumbira ode "Liberty" akanyorwa 1817, nguva pfupi pashure nokubudiswa ake Lyceum. Yakanga akamisa furati iri Turgenev hama. Mahwindo aro akatarisa pasi panzvimbo Akaurayiwa, Paul I, - the Mikhailovsky Castle.

Mugumisiro ode Radishcheva Pushkinian

The zita pacharo rinoti Alexander akatora nzwisa imwe detembo Nyanduri Russian zvakafanana zita. Ode "Liberty" (Radishchev), pfupiso iri rakafanana pakusikwa zita imwe Alexander, kunyange siyanei kubva Pushkin. Tinoedza kupindura kuti chii chaizvo.

Pushkin rinosimbisa kuti basa rake chokuita Radischev uye rwonzi chete ane detembo "Monument". Kufanana nowakautangira, Alexander wokupemberera enyika rusununguko, rusununguko. Zvose mudetembi pfungwa mienzaniso yakunda rusununguko munhau (Radishchev - kune zvakaitika muzana remakore rechi17 Chirungu Revolution, uye Pushkin - on Revolution muFrance muna 1789). Alexander pashure Alexander Nikolayevich anotenda murayiro, nevanhu vose, - kiyi nezvokuvapo rusununguko enyika munyika.

Ode "Liberty" Radishchev - rudano vanhu chimurenga, sapakuparadzwa simba amambo zvarwo, uye Alexander Sergeyevich iri kunangana chete isa pachavo pamusoro chero mutemo "vadzvinyiriri". It anonyora pamusoro Pushkin ( "Liberty"). Kuongororwa chigadzirwa kunotibvumira kutaura kuti zviri zvayo zvisikwa maonero ari Decembrists, uyo tsitsi pamwe uye ane simba akanga pasi mangwanani.

Features Pushkin ode

Simba Ndima Alexander, unyanzvi hwake akapa zvakawanda kukosha kune ichi echimurenga chigadzirwa. Sezvo kudanwa kuti nokutaura wakazaruka chaionekwa youth yakanakisisa ode "Liberty", iyo inoongorora wakatangwa munyaya ino. Somuenzaniso, Pirogov, akakurumbira Russian chiremba panguva, achiyeuka makore ake okutanga, anoudza zvinotevera chokwadi. Achitaura pamusoro enyika maonero Alexander, zvinoratidzwa basa rake, "Liberty", mumwe shamwari yake, apo achiri mudzidzi, akati yechimurenga yedu pfungwa - saka pokuchinja, "mumwe guillotine", sezvo French.

Zvaiita echimurenga, kunyanya pemitsara, takapedza wechipiri ndima: "revadzvinyiriri anodedera nyika ...!"

Ode "Liberty": pfupiso

Pushkin nhetembo, vachitevera muenzaniso Radishchev, akanyora muchimiro odes. Rinotanga ane muteuro kuti neMuse - muedzo madzimambo muimbi rusununguko. Pano musoro yakaronga - munyori anonyora kuti anoda kuti "nziyo rusununguko rwenyika" akarova chikanganiso pachigaro choushe. Izvi kunoteverwa mharidzo huru nekuti voruzhinji anofanira pamwe mitemo ine simba dzvene rusununguko. It zvinoratidzwa mienzaniso kubva kare (Paul I, Louis XVI). Inoratidza munhau (kuurayiwa Louis panguva French Revolution, kupondwa Paul I muna Mikhailovsky Palace maoko Varwi vaya), saka vaitirane ruvengo kwete muchivadzvinyirira, asiwo kune vaya vanoparadza yavamanikidzi, nekuti anouraya vanhu ava anonyadzisa vari pamutemo uye vanonyengera.

Achikumbira nokuda kwebope kuti pfungwa, mweya, Alexander anonzwisisa kukosha kugadzirisa kurwisana yepamutemo nzira - kuti inoratidza Pushkin ichiitwa kare kuongorora. Liberty vanofanira kuedza kuwana, ukadzivisa kudeurwa kweropa. Imwe nzira kunokuvadza zvose revadzvinyiriri, navanhu Russian.

Ode "Liberty", iro kuongorora uko aronga dzako, inoguma, senguva dzose, kuti kufadza mambo aine kufona kudzidza chidzidzo kubva apa.

Compositional maererano anotibatsira kuongorora kufamba manzwiro uye pfungwa nyanduri. Kutukana achishandisa kutaura zvirimo mumutsara nawo. Ode "Liberty", pfupiso iyo chinopiwa kumusoro, - nzwisa yakakwirira hwokudhirowa kunakisisa.

Zvinoumba poetics

Kutaura achidetemba (Dederai, vanomutswa) unoratidza zvakasiyana siyana manzwiro, muridzi nomunyori: iri vaneshungu chido kuti rusununguko (pakutanga stanza), kutsamwa nevadzvinyiriri uye vadzvinyiriri (stanza wechipiri), kusuruvara mugari ehurumende ane vezvakaipa (wechitatu stanza), etc. Naizvozvo .. kuwana yakarurama uye panguva imwecheteyo kuumbwa mazwi kubudisa navo vaiva nemanzwiro uye pfungwa. Somuenzaniso, ndiko "munhu anozvikudza rusununguko muimbi", "dutu wemadzimambo" yokutya enyika odes Pushkin. "Rusununguko", kuti kuongorora akapa kwamuri munyaya iyi - basa rakafuridzirwa kubva kumusoro. It neMuse anofuridzira mudetembi "Hymns noushingi".

Revolutionary ukoshi odes

Ode "Liberty" (ona ongororo. Pamusoro) aiva mukuru echimurenga simba pamusoro vaairarama Aleksandra Sergeevicha Pushkina, yaishandiswa Revolutionary kokutambudzika pakati Decembrists.

nokukurumidza mudetembi mwoyo yavo aichimbova rondedzero dzokufungidzira dzinowanzoguma maonero kuti mambo chaitwa kuita zvose izvozvo zvinogona kuvandudza upenyu hwevanhu vayo, sezvo Alexander ndaisakwanisa kusarudza yakakura zvinhu zvaizoita hwogumisa serfdom. Russia achiri feudal mamiriro. Vakuru, vanofunga nezvishoma, kusanganisira shamwari Alexander, akasikwa nechinangwa nechisimba vachipidigura autocracy uye pakudaro achabvisa serfdom siyana echimurenga vanhu.

Pushkin haana pamutemo kuva mumwe wavo, asi anoenderana kuipandukira mafungiro zvakakonzera chokwadi kuti akaona kuti hazvibviri reRussia worupo okuchinja "kubva kumusoro". Pfungwa iyi akaratidza nemabasa ake tevera. Ode "Liberty", iro Kuongororwa iyo rinopa kunzwisisa zviri nani, akashevedzawo kuparadzwa pakati noudzvinyiriri simba "vapasi" kuburikidza chimurenga.