Pisitori PMM: tsanangudzo, pluses uye minuses

Pisitori PM, chaizvoizvo, sekuru pakati pezvombo zvemazuva ano. Yakasikwa munzvimbo dziri kure 40-s nevekugadzira gurukota-gunsmith Makarov. Asi hondo yakarambidza mudziyo uyu kubva pakuendeswa kuhuwandu hwekugadzira. Uye mushure mokunge kuguma kwayo kwave kwakarongeka mutsara unotevera.

Zvinonyanya kukosha kune vanogadzirisa zvaive zvakadai kuti mutsva mutsva wakanga wakanyatsogadzikana uye waiva ne-self-cocking-shogger mechanism (USM). IWMM gun yaiva yakakodzera zvakakwana nemamiriro aya.

Prehistory of appearance of the PM

Chaizvoizvo, zvose zvakanzwika pamusoro pekugadzirwa kweMakarov. Asi haasi munhu wese anoziva kuti aive nemukana wake chaiwo wekuzvarwa.

Mumakore emakore asati apera, akanga atoshandisa kwete TT shoma shoma. Asi zvisinei, kutsvaga kwezvombo zvakakwana zvevatungamiriri veRobert Army hazvina kumisa.

Zvombo zvehupi zvevatungamiri kubva kuna tenzi Tokarev zvakaonekwa sevatsigiri nevashori. Nokudaro, pfuti haina kungoona zvikanganiso zvechokwadi, asi zvakare yakatsvaga yakareba. Ndezvipi? Zvakanaka, somuenzaniso, chimwe chezviitiko izvo TT inofanira kunge yakasangana nayo yakanga iri kupfura kuburikidza nekucherechedza slot kubva mugangi!

Hungu, tangi risina kushandiswa kwepisitori yakava isina kudzivirirwa ...

Chikonzero chikuru chekushanduka kubva paTT kusvika kuneMDC ndechokuti iyo yekupedzisira inonyanya kumira. I 9 mm bullet PM inopa muviri muviri wayo wese simba, uye hairi kuifambisa kuburikidza neTT.

Vapindi vemakwikwi

Kunyange zvakadaro, mauto eU.SRR I. Rakov, S. Korovin, P. Vojvodin, F. Tokarev nevamwe vakashanda mukugadzirisa kwemakwikwi e1938 kuumba chigamba chitsva chomukuru weSoviet Army.

Mushure mekuedzwa, izvo zvakazova kwenguva refu uye zvinoshamisa, pfuti yeVoevodina yakakunda. Asi hondo yakabuda haina kubvumira kuti ive yakawanda-yakagadzirwa.

Mushure mehondo, mutsva mutsva wakarongeka, uye atova pari zvino mukana wePMM wezvombo zvehondo Makarov akakunda.

PM cartridge

Nokuda kwechigadzirwa chitsva icho chakanga chakadikanwa nekugadzira karikodhi itsva. Ichokwadi, kune pfungwa yokuti kutora kadhijikiti nehukuru hwa 7.62 × 25 mm kune vamwe (9 mm) yakaita kuti zvikwanise kubvisa zvombo zvekare, izvo mumakore emakore apfuura-hondo zvaive zvakanyanya mumaoko.

Chikonzero chekusimbiswa kwekotoriji itsva yaiva yeGermany yekare isati yasvika "GECO 9x18 mm Ultra". Asi zvombo zvitsva zve "Makarov" zvakasiyana kubva muchiGermany nechepamusoro-soro kuburitsa.

Mushure mekuita mabasa akadaro, pfuti yaMakarov yaPMM yakazova chimbo chikuru che servicemen uye mapurisa akanga akachengetwa kusvikira pakuguma kwema1980.

Kufananidzwa kweMDC

Kusvikira kumavambo makumi mapfumbamwe nemana makumi matatu ekugadzirisa kwekutonga kwemitemo uye vashandi vehondo, PM ndivo yaiva nhumbi huru. Asi kudai kwemazuva kwakakonzera kudiwa kwekugadzira nzira dzine simba yekuparadza. Makarov's modernized PMM pistosi yakagadzirwa sechikamu chekukwikwidza kwe "Grach".

Mukati yebasa pasi pechigadzirwa chitsva, cartridge yakasimbiswa 9x18 mm PMM yakasikwa. Nzvimbo itsva iyi yakange ine chikwata chechiedza uye chikwata chinosimbiswa chepfuti. Nhanho yayo yakashanduka kubva pa 315 m / s kusvika 430 m / s.

Pasi payo cartridge itsva yakasikwa uye pisitori idzva - PMM, iyo yakaratidzwa yaive iyo PM. PMM yakagamuchirwa uye yakawedzera mukukura kwechitoro chekukwirira kwepamusoro kune 12 cartridges. Kuti zvive nyore nyore mukushanda, zvombo zvehuga zvevashandi vemurairo zvakagamuchira uye zvakashandurwa cheeks of the handle.

Pneumatic gun

Pineumatic pistols yakashandiswa zvikuru pamusana pemitambo yemitambo uye nokuda kwekuita zvekuzorodza nezvikamu zvakakura zvevanhu. Zvimwe zvakasiyana-siyana zvechirongwa ichi ndechekuti zvichagutsa chero zvido zvese uye zvido zvevafudzi vemitambo yekupfura.

Iyo inonzi pneumatic pistol MP 654K PMM inovaka zvakakonzera mufananidzo wekurwa weMDC. Iyi mienzaniso yakagadzirwa zvachose nenhumbi yesimbi. Iyo mbiya inoputika, kureba kwayo ndeye 9,6 cm. Asi bhoti yacho inodzokororwa uye inoiswa pavharidziro kunonoka sezvakangoita mupfuti yake.

Pneumat yakachengetwa kudai kuenzana kwemairi uye ukuru, pamwe nekurwa:

• Kurema - 730 gm.
• Yakareba yakareba 16,9 cm.
• Iyo yakakwirira 14.5 cm.
• Iyo yakafara is 3.5 cm.

Muchigadziro chemushonga wepineumatic, panzvimbo yejiji ne cartridges, chinogona chegungwa rakaomarara rine volume ye 8 kana 12 gramu inopiwa. Iyo inewo vhavha uye kaseti yezviputi gumi nematanhatu muhupamhi hwepakati, iyo inogona kunge yakagadzirwa kana insimbi.

Kutambudzika PM-T

I-PM-T iyi yakasiyana zvachose yezvombo kunze kwepineumatic pistol "MP 654k Grach" (PMM). Chiratidziro chekuumba dambudziko ndechekurwa "Makarov". Asi muchitsime, chiri shure kwekamuri, pepa-septum inogadzirwa. Izvo chete murongo, kusiyana nehondo, inogadzirwa nehotera.

Chinangwa chikuru chinotungamirirwa nevasimudzi vePCB LLC uye JSC ZID chaiva kuchengetedza "kukosha kwenhoroondo" yezvombo. Nechinangwa ichi, nhamba shoma yekugadzirisa yakaitwa mukugadzirwa kwepfuti.

Kune avo vakatenga kopi yakadaro, zvakanga zvakakosha kuti yakanga isiri zvombo chete zvekuzvidzivirira, asi yaivewo inozivikanwa semuenzaniso wevatori . Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekuti pakutanga pakutanga mabhoti akabudiswa sechigadzirwa chakatendeuka kubva kuhondo dzeMDC, izvo zvakabudiswa kubva muna 1950 kusvika muna 1980.

Pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, pistols dzakagadzirwa munguva yeSoviet dzakasiyana nemhando yepamusoro yesimbi, uye nekuvimbika kwekugadzira uye kushandiswa kwemapurisa. Unhu hwakadaro hunofadza kusiyanisa iyi shanduro yepfuti kubva kuhama dzemazuva ano.

Vaya vakakwanisa kutenga PM-T (uye ivo vakasunungurwa chete zvinenge 5000 zvidimbu), havana kurasikirwa. Kana kare kare mutengo wepfuti muzvipfeko zvinotengesa zvaive mumakwikwi makumi mapfumbamwe nemazana makumi maviri nemazana makumi matanhatu emakumi matanhatu, zvino panguva ino zvinogona kutengwa "nemaoko" pamutengo unopfuura 50,000 rubles!

PMM-12

Makarov's modernized PMM-12 pisitori ndiro zvombo zvokuzvimirira, izvo zvinovakirwa pamutemo wekusununguka kusununguka kusununguka. Uyewo, kune self-cocking mechanism, iyo inoita kuti zvikwanise kuzarura moto usina kutanga kuvhara.

Tactico-inyanzvi yehutano hwe PMM-12:

• Cartridges - 9x18 PM (9x18 PMM) caliber 9 mm.
• Kurema kwepisitori kune 760 g.
• Kureba kwepisitori yose ndeye 169 mm, ine urefu hwebhari ya 93,5 mm uye muyero wemoto kusvika pamaminitsi makumi matatu / min.
• Shamba yacho yakawedzerwa kusvika kuma12 cartridges.

Pamugumo kubva pakurara kwebhari yebhuruti:

• 315 m / s - nokuda kweMDC;
• 430 m / s - paMDC.

Zvisinei, tinofanirwa kufunga nezvekuvandudzwa kwezvigadzirwa zvePMP zvigadziriswa chete nemakateji akaiswa zvakananga kune PMM. Uye kana iwe usingafungi kuti kuwanikwa kwechitoro kuwedzerwa simba, PMM mune zvarinoita zvayo zvakaenzana neMDC, iyo kunyange muhondo haigone kukwikwidza muzvikwata zvehondo.

Zvakakodzera zvepisitori zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Ndiyo yakanaka yakasimba pistol.
2. Chinhu chakasimba chakavimbika.
3. Kuchengetedza kwakajeka.
4. Compact.
5. Kuwanika kwezvikamu zvitsvene.

Kukanganisa kweMMP:

1. Zvakakosha kushandisa simba rakakwana zvakakwana kumutambo.
2. Kutadza kwekuona zvigadzirwa zvekuona.
3. Non-ergonomic handling.
4. Kusakwana kwehutano hwekugadzira.

Panzvimbo yakadzika yepamusoro yakareba mamita makumi mashanu, PMM inonyanya kushandiswa nemitemo yekuchengetedza mitemo. Kana ukashandisa pfuti sehondo yekurwa, saka, chaizvoizvo, inofungidzirwa nevashandi sechimbo chenguva yekupedzisira.

Masimba anokosha anoshandisawo pisitori ye PMM-12 nechinomwe. Kuchinja kwakadaro kunoita kuti zvikwanise kushandisa iyi shanduro yePMM munguva yekushanda. Zvisinei, inofanira kuonekwa kuti mune mamwe masimba anokosha iye zvino anoshandiswa nedzimwe, zvidzidzo zvemazuva ano zvemazuva ano.

Kuonekwa kweMDC mumisika yemarudzi ose

Asi kuzivikanwa kwenyika yose kweMDC kwakagadzirwa pashure pemakore makumi mapfumbamwe, apo Bhuro reBerlin rakagumburwa, uye zvighu zvakabuda kubva mumatokari eimbova GDR.

Kana pakutanga "Makarov" yakabudiswa muUSSR kwete kwekutengeserana kwekutengeserana, asi nekuda kwezvaidiwa neuto uye neHurumende yeZvenyika, ikozvino mazana ezviuru zvepisitori yakaumbwa muChina, Hungary, Poland neyaimbova Czechoslovakia inogona kuwanikwa pamusika wezvombo.

Zvinonyanya kufadza kuti "Makarov" chigadzirwa chinonyanya kufarira muU.SA. Ngarava yezvombo kune vadzidzisi vega inenge yakakura kwazvo ipapo, asi zvakanga zvisiri nyore kusangana naMakarov kare. Iye zvino PM veAmerica yarega kuva chimbo chakanaka, uye iye zvino muUnited States kune dzose makirasi evateereri veRussia pistol, iyo inobatanidza humwe hukuru mukudhonza kubva "Makarov" chigadzirwa!