Port of Odessa: chikuru ruzivo, nhoroondo, chiteshi akavhiyiwa

Kune zvengarava zvakawanda munyika. Vaitanga emakore akawanda akapfuura, apo zvikuru mukana nzira yokufamba akanga gungwa pakutengeserana. Vakanga akanyanya kushandiswa kutengesa uye chete gare gare - yokufamba. Zvechokwadi, inofamba vakadaro havana ngozi nguva dzose. Asi dzimwe nzira kuti chete kwete kuva. Boat nzendo vakanga nguva dzose yakafukidzwa dzorudo uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinofadza nyaya. Zvaizoratidza sokuti, mukufamba wekushandisa kushanda ipfupi zvishoma nezvishoma. Zvisinei, hazvina kudaro. Pari zvino pane yakawanda nokusunungura mapfundo, pakati inomira kunze chengarava Odessa. Munyaya ino tichakurukura pfungwa chaiyo panzvimbo ino, ayo nhoroondo uye unhu.

Odessa chiteshi: zvinokosha

Zvino zvakafanira kunzwisisa chii fundo. Danho rokutanga kupa mukuru tsananguro kwaari uye kutaura kuti zvinokosha zvikuru kuti chipo. Saka, Odessa gungwa chengarava - hombe chinhu, mumwe vangatoti, suwo gungwa kuGungwa Black nemhenderekedzo. It inozivikanwa seimwe mukuru kunotenga site, inova unokosha dzakawanda hweHIV. Riri, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, pamahombekombe, muGulf of Odessa. Oga, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti chengarava zvinosanganisira nhengo dzaro rimwe remasangano mutakurwi zviteshi mu Europe. Uye chikamu ichi vanogona kukwikwidzana guru zvomumvura nzvimbo pasi pose.

Paakazviratidza?

Vakawanda vanofarira mubvunzo wokuti, asi kana yakavakwa chengarava Odessa. Start okuvaka ndiko kuguma XVIII remakore, uye zvakawanda kunyatsoreva 1794. Chokwadi, nzvimbo yacho yakanga isina vakagadzirira gore rimwe. Inenge muna 1905 Akatenga maonero pedyo kwayo chitarisiko nhasi. Kana tikatarisa nhoroondo Russian Empire, chengarava Odessa kwakaitika yechipiri panyaya turnover pakati cargoes siyana. Maererano zviratidzo izvi panguva payo chete mberi St. Petersburg knot.

nyaya

Saka, tataura mashoko anokosha pamusoro kuti Odessa gungwa pachiteshi, uyewo mamwe mashoko ose ayo inoshanda. Zvino zvakafanira kuti udzidze zvakawanda pamusoro nhoroondo yacho sezvo chaizvo akapfuma zviitiko siyana. Pakutanga, chivako ichi ndicho tariro huru. Kwaiva kwakarongwa kuti pachava kunze kwenyika chikuru New Russia neUkraine kune dzimwe nyika vachishandisa kweGungwa Dema. Kuti chaiva chinangwa pakuvaka.

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, chinhu ivakwe rakatanga muna 1794. Haasi masanga kuti 1801 ndipo anova mutungamiri turnover kwenhumbi uye zvikuru muzinda wezvokutengeserana Odessa. Odessa chengarava panguva ino achiitei kukosheswa. Nokuti pakurigadzira akatotanga apedzera vanopfuura zviuru 300. Rubles, izvo panguva iyoyo ainzi rakakura chitsama. By kwayo rechi50 gore fundo vaakaruramisawo tariro zvose akazorora pamusoro payo uye akaputsa mhando dzose zvinyorwa. Kubva Odessa panguva yakanga aivigirwa yakawanda zviyo pane yose America. Cargo turnover zvose zvengarava Russian zviri wechipiri chete St. Petersburg.

Kubatanidzwa of chengarava Kukuru Patriotic War

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti Odessa akatora chikamu chikuru Kukuru Patriotic War. Muna 1941, guta airarama. Zvakatora Zvaifadza umhare kuita kuti vadzivise kurwisa zvisingaiti German. Defence yakatora kwenguva refu nguva - sezvo zvikuru sezvo 73 mazuva. Port of Odessa rave rubatsiro zvikuru ichi dzakaoma. Achaita aivabatsira pezvakaitwa zhinji, dzakadai wedzerai varume zvakasiyana zvombo, zvombo uye zvimwe zvinhu zvakakodzera.

Zvinonzi akabvumira kutama pachiteshi vanhu veguta, varwi vakuvara uye kutakura midziyo makambani akasiyana. Kuvapo nzvimbo ino uye rokununura zvakarurama zvinhu mugungwa nzira kubvumirwa kutakura anobudirira uye kusimba refu kudzivirira guta, iro panguva akanga akakomberedza. Panguva ino, chiteshi chengarava raiva yekudyidzana sousingabatsiri. Zvisinei, kudzorerwa kwaro akatanga muna 1944, hondo isati yatanga.

dzinonakidza zvinhu

Saka, iye zvino pachena sei basa rinokosha akanga reDare chengarava muupenyu guta uye nyika yose nguva ivepo. Marine Black Gate Sea vaitova uye kuramba chinokosha senga nomusimboti. Uyezve, pane zvakawanda zvinofadza chokwadi uye nyaya chokuita ichi chinhu chinokosha zvikuru. Mumwe wavo kwakabatana dzokuchengetera vakavaka pano. Izvi musha kushandiswa dzokuchengetera.

Pano vakanga vavaka pakutanga XX remakore uye Akakwezva vakawanda vanozivikanwa vanyori. Vakauya ari mhando anoperekedza zvinokwezva muguta. Uyewo ini vanotaurwa nezvavo mubasa rake "The kumakuva mu Skulyany" munyori V. Kataev. Description dzokuchengetera uye rinoita mumwe munyori Russian - A.Kuprin. Mune imwe nyaya yake inonzi "Gambrinus" unogona kuwana inonakidza ndima. Iye anotaura kuti vachidzikisa zvikepe. Uyezve, munyori anorondedzera muitiro uyu hunhu.

Port nhasi

Saka, zvaionekwa sokuronga kukosha chengarava nguva dzose. Vanhu vakawanda zvichida kuzvibvunza mubvunzo uyu: chii basa rayo nhasi? Haana asisina kushanda kwayo? The unequivocal Mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu haako. Munguva yedu, chengarava Odessa ari kuridza basa rinokosha mune zvakasiyana-siyana mitoro. Ichokwadi, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti kuma1990, kufanana nezvimwe zvinhu zvakawanda, ari mudambudziko, nekuti bhuku zvaitakura zvinhu ungaderedza chaizvo. Vashandi vakawanda vari mumamiriro ezvinhu aya akaoma zvakanga zvakakodzera kutsvaka basa dzimwe zvengarava.

Zvisinei, kubvira pakutanga 2000s, zvinhu zvakatanga kuita nani: nhumbi turnover iri zvishoma nezvishoma kuwedzera. Pari, inokosha yokuti chivako ichi. Berths Odessa chiteshi vane kureba 9 makiromita. mizhinji chinoumba vakanga reconstructed. Somuenzaniso, imwe Marina, hotera nezvimwe. Muna 2009, nhumbi turnover nokuti gore racho vanenge mamiriyoni 34 matani zvinhu, inova rakaisvonaka chakarurama kuna.