Pyrus communis: pakudyara, kuchengetwa, tupukanana vavo masimba

Ari zvisingawanzoitiki mubindu haagoni kuwanikwa peya - Luxury muchero muti ane pakuparadzira korona, decoration mashizha uye michero inonaka zvokuti kubva chiratidzo kubudirira uye utano ine mhando. Nowakautangira, kana kuti, kuti mai nheyo cultivars zhinji kuti vashongedze Manor vakava Pyrus communis, kana zvikara. nhengo iyi mhuri Pink, akagovera zvakasikwa zvakawanda nzvimbo Eastern Europe kusvika kumadokero kondinendi kuAsia, kuziva chaizvo chirimwa. With mamiriro ayo uye zvaunofarira achasuma bhuku rino.

nhoroondo mashoko

Kudziridza peya zvakatangwa chekare. Hazvina kubva Byzantine Empire, miti yemichero izvi zvaiva Russian munyika. Kutanga vakafunga mamongi vakatanga kuwanda kumonasitiri mapindu. In youmambo matunhu ose rokutanga Romanov youmambo pamusoro chevaux Alexei Mikhailovich rakura 16 akasiyana peya miti, uye kana muvandudzi mukuru Peter Mukuru kuRussia nhamba yavo yakawedzera zvikuru, sezvo rimwe gore, nyika dzokuMadokero European vakakwanisa kusvitsa Newest akasiyana zvirimwa muchero. Nhasi, vanhu vanopfuura 5,000 mhando Pears, zvakasiyana chimiro uye kukura miti, kuravira, ruvara uye nguva ichiibvira zvibereko, rakura munyika dzakasiyana.

tsananguro

Pyrus communis - muchero muti (dzimwe nguva huru shrub), ichinyaradzwa kukura kusvika 20 mamita akareba. The dhayamita pamusoro hunde tsika huru specimens dzimwe nguva inosvika 40-50 masendimita Young peya inobudisa chitsidzo, korona pyramidal, zvakawanda-zera miti -. Round, shirokotsilindricheskoy kana kupararira. Samobesplodna tsika, t. E. For muchero inotungamirwa zvakafanira kuti mbiri muchinjikwa mukume mhando. In dzinodziya vematunhu Somuenzaniso, dzakakurumbira nemarudzi Sibiryachka pedyo dzezvimwe, muzukuru, vakasungira.

Vanobudirira anorarama Pyrus communis kubva 30 kusvika makore 200. Munzira dzakawanda, iyo mukurumari hwomuti iri pakutsvaga ezvinhu kukura uye varietal unhu.

Kunyanya chakanaka muti maruva nguva, kana maruva machena kana zvishoma Pink aunganidzwa mu corymbose inflorescences, akafukidza chirimwa mapazi saka gobvu kuti kwavari hazvina kuonekwa uye haawanzotauri chinonzvenga vakarangana vaduku mashizha. Kazhinji maruva kunoitika pamberi zvizere vachiita mashizha mukupera April kana mangwanani May. Flowers hwakaderera ovary Dziine Stamens zhinji.

Kunosiya Pears, kunhivi kana denderedzwa ane wakananga yokutenda uye serrated unopinza - vaima, gobvu kumeso. Yotunga kunosiya dzine pubescent, vakakura - kupfeka, manune mutema pamusoro uye chiedza pazasi matte. Autumn mashizha peya, kuwana yeyero-orenji ruvara, zvikuru decoration uye refu akotsira shongedza mapindu.

muchero

Chirimwa woibvisa muna August uye September. Fruit - achene chaiwo peya-zvakaumbwa, denderedzwa kana kumativi chimiro. The manune pulp pamaware dzinopindira usanganidzo tinoberekwa Pears. Makara zvibereko zvakasiyana kubva girini yellow kune Pink-tsvuku. The kunaka ari vakasiyana, vanowanzoororwa kusiyaniswa anyatsoona astringency. muchero Most anonhuwira anopa Chikwata yero peya - nhamba zheltoplodnyh mhando. Kurimwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana miti kubereka siyana makemikari anoumba uye chitarisiko muchero, asi ivo vari anobatsira uye akapfuma zvinokosha zvisaririra okunze, yeimwe siyana iyo pave yakasiyana uye hwakajeka pakubika, yo imwe mhando.

Pyrus communis muchero kunotanga makore 5-8. Goho pa muti rinosvika 30 kusvika 500 makirogiramu. The kunonyanyisa goho rinowanikwa nguva nenguva mumakore 1-2.

Semushonga dzemichero

Chinhu chakanakisisa Mishonga chigadzirwa, Pears vane zvinoverengeka zvinokosha chaizvo unhu. Kushandiswa yavo yakachena waidzora uye normalize ari zvomudumbu muitiro, peya nemarudzi akawanda antifebrific, unonyaradza marwadzo, diuretic uye yakanyatsoti kushanda. Ichi chikuru dzinongoitika akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona. muchero Fresh, uyewo chingwa, N'anga vanokurudzira kusimbisa zviratidzo pulmonary zvirwere - kubva bronchitis uye nemabayo kuti chorurindi zviratidzo. Uyewo shandisa mbishi muchero Pears - chaizvo mbishi zvinhu zvokudya, zvinonhuhwira uye distillery indasitiri.

Kudyara zvirimwa: Site sarudzo

Kukura tsika muminda, Deciduous masango roga miti kana zvitsuwa zviduku. Kubvira kare, zvinomera Vakasimwa mumba mapindu, muna windbreaks, pamwe njanji mikuru.

Munhuwo, kana zvikara peya - muti photophilous. Naizvozvo, kuti tive nechokwadi kwake nyaradzo uye kunonyanyisa kukura fruiting vanosarudza yakazaruka jeka nzvimbo nechiedza-vakapedzwa rakaorera nevhu. For miti yakakodzera dema ivhu, wachena dondo loam munzvimbo pasina akamira pasi. Musango peya kazhinji rinopedza mumakomo kana kumawere, anosiyana abudise zvakanaka.

Wild peya moistureloving, kwemvura uye chando nemishonga, asi akanyanyisa tembiricha inogona kukuvadza chitubu frosts chikamu nemaruva. Kuti izvi zvisaitike, nzvimbo yekudyara muti anofanira kudzivirirwa kubva kuchamhembe mhepo.

kutarisira

Pear kukura kudiwa dzose hanya, iyo ichava hwaro mwero kuri pachimedu Anoumba kuchekerera, Kusakura uye kusunungura ivhu mune chiedza muti hunde dzacho, uye nenguva kuberekesa, anotokonya Anobvumirana kukura miti yemichero. Kubatsirwa uye kudzivirirwa nematambudziko akasiyana-siyana.

zvipukanana peya

miti yemichero, peya siyana tupukanana vangani. PamuShuramiti, womuapuro unotumbusa weevil, shizha uye muchero midges, moths, sawflies, nemakwati zvipembenene uye inda dzemuriwo - ichi chinhu kukwana mazita rezvipembenene zvingakanganisa zvikuru hutano muti. Pear tupembenene twakaita makonye, kungozvifunga Aporia Crataegi, kuita nzira yavo nhungirwa, mudye kure mashizha uye maruva. By kungozvifunga pakati-zhizha mazai avo okumusoro kumativi mashizha, semhashu vanokwanisa nenzara izvozvo akazviratidza kwavari, kusiya chete mutsinga. By kuwa Aporia Crataegi akaronga chando, vachivhara mune mashizha.

Ngozi uye shavishavi-chitemamachira. makonye avo vanodya kure zvinopfakanyika mabukira, iyo gare gare kuoma kunze. Vakaguta pulp muchero. Pane zvakasiyana-siyana nemaziso rezvipembenene kuti hazvioneki kuti ziso, asi hapana zvishoma ngozi :. Pear chishambwe, gallic pamuShuramiti, etc. kugona kwavo kuti zvikurumidze kuwanda, uye kusavapo tisaita matanho ingaderera muti uye kuderedza goho. Nemamwe mashoko, pakurwisa navo yaifanira akaramba sezvo usina kuzvidzivirira huni anogona kungoti kuparara.

Mumatanho Pest Control

An nzira inobudirira rokurwisa nematambudziko funga peya chitubu spraying miti yemichero mhinduro zvipembenene. First kugadzira "Oleokupritom" kana "Nitrafenom" rinoitwa pamberi chipande yemasikati uye kutanga SAP Kuparadzwa Pfungwa kune wevasungwa akakurudzira Musumo.

Asati maruva, kubudiswa mari yakadai zvakare se "anti-", "Zolon", "Malathion", "Neksion" kana "metaphos".

Munguva yokupisa, mechanically bvisa akarukwa mashizha tupukanana zvinoonekwa aigara weed ivhu mumuti hunde dzacho, kudzivisa pevhu. Mushure kucheka mashizha hiakindi yakachena, kana zvichikodzera, zvakaipa pamwe kugadzirisa kuti muti upi zvipembenene kana Bordeaux nezvakasanganiswa.

zviyero izvi kuchabatsira kudzivisa kupararira tupukanana uye chirimwa kusika zvikuru akanaka ezvinhu kuti kukura.