Rene Dekart: A Biography uye pfungwa huru

Vatsvakurudzi vazhinji nezvenhoroondo uzivi zvechokwadi vaiona muvambi Rene Dekarta panguva yokumadokero uzivi. Chii yakakurumbira Rene Dekart? Biography uye pfungwa inokosha wefizikisi, masvomhu, musayendisiti inorondedzerwa munyaya pazasi.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Rene Dekart akaberekerwa vanokudzwa mhuri ine urombo uye aiva gotwe pavanakomana vatatu. It ndakarerwa naambuya rwaamai, sezvo baba vake, Ioahim Dekart, aiva mutongi mumwe guta, uye amai vake, Zina Broshar akafa apo Rene rakanga risati nemakore maviri. Religious kurayira mukomana panguva wechechi yeRoma chikoro kuti La Flash. Kubva pauduku akanga kuziva chaizvo uye vakatanga kubatanidzwa mangwanani masvomhu. Muna 1616 Rene Dekart akagamuchira tsvimborume kuti dhigirii.

Rene Dekart. Biography. Dutch kumwedzi

Ndapedza kubva yunivhesiti, musayendisiti yemberi vakaenda kundorwa. Panguva kupedzerwa muchiuto, akashanyira zvinoverengeka inopisa makwapa iyoyo: kukombwa La Rochelle, pokuchinja muNetherlands, hondo nokuti Prague muHondo Yemakore Makumi Matatu. On kudzoka kwake Descartes zvinenge pakarepo kuenda kuNetherlands, sezvo muFrance, vaJesuit iye akapomerwa pedzidziso nokuda freethinking.

In Holland, musayendisiti akararama kwemakore 20. Mumakore aya, kuongorora kwesayenzi akasika Descartes uye akabudisa mabasa akawanda kuti vava chinokosha uzivi ake.

• "The World" (1634)
• "Discourse musi Method" (1637)
• "Meditations musi First Philosophy ..." (1641)
• "Principles uzivi" (muna 1644)

Society yakakamurwa muzvikamu zviviri: avo VACHIYEMURA nevaya vanoshamisika yavo vawana Rene Dekart.

Brief Biography of musayendisiti izere zvakawanwa nemabasa, asi nezvoupenyu hwake pachake zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Descartes haana kuroorwa. Chii chinozivikanwa kuti muna 1635 mwanasikana wake Francine akaberekwa. Amai vake aiva muranda musayendisiti. Rene Dekart zvikuru kwazvo duku musikana akanga dzisinganyaradziki uye kwenguva yakareba, apo iye akafa kamwe kamwe nezvitsvuku nefivhiri nemakore 5 years. Sevanhu vasinganzwisisiki uye reserved murume, mumwe muzivi akatendeuka hanya uye nyoro baba.

Chechi Holland vepamusoro vasingagoni kugamuchira pfungwa musayendisiti freethinking. Muupenyu hwake akatambudzwa. Dutch kumwedzi hakusi kurwadziwa. In France, Cardinal Richelieu akabvumira kudhinda amplitude kwayo, asi echiPurotesitendi vafundisi Netherlands vakaisa wakatukwa pamusoro pake.

Breakfast nguva

Muna 1649 Rene Dekart pamusoro kuomerera kukoka Queen Christina wokuSweden, rinosundwa Dutch Raibvunzurudza, vakatamira Stockholm. Muna 1649 rakasvika bhuku rake "The Passion kwemweya."

Life mudare, zvakare, akanga asiri nyore: Mambokadzi zvazvo kwave mutsa musayendisiti, asi kakawanda akanga rokukwidza basa rake rezvedzidzo. Panyaya iyi, muzivi utano (kare simba) mberi dzakaderera mune utsinye kuchamhembe ekunze. Relations pamwe musayendisiti nechechi neshungu zvachose.

Maererano pamutemo shanduro, Rene Dekart akafa musi February 11 nheyo muna 1650, akarwara nemabayo. Pane kufungidzira kuti akanga muchetura. Pashure pemakore 17, dzasara muzivi kukuru akanga akumbirwa France vakabva Sweden uye reburied ari chapero pakati Saint-Germain.

Zvichireva Descartes - muvambi rationality

Muvambi rationalism anoonekwa kuti Rene Dekart. Pfungwa huru mumunda uzivi kuti zvishoma kunogona akataura sezvinotevera.

• Scientist hypothesized pamusoro huru modes nenhumbi uye hunhu.
• Descartes akaratidza kuti pfungwa zivo kukonzera.
• Ndiye muvambi dzidziso hunyambiri, naro ayananisezve uzivi zvinhu uye idealist.
• Descartes akaisa mberi dzidziso "chokuziva pfungwa."

Dzidziso fuma

Mukuita kwokudzidza dambudziko chokuvapo, ayo chaizvoizvo akanga akagadzira pfungwa fuma, rakanyorwa Rene Dekart. Pfungwa chikuru musayendisiti kunobva pfungwa iyi.

Fuma - ndiye zvose kuti ariko uye haafaniri kuvapo chinhu asi pachake. Uku kwave chete asingagumi, haagoni kusikwa, Ishe wemasimba ose. Ndiye chikonzero uye kunobva zvose. Mwari, soMusiki akasika nyika, zvakare, pamusoro zvinhu izvo zvakafanana unhu: hapana kudikanwa kuvapo chinhu asi pachake. Pachinhu mumwe rokusikwa andinenge fuma, uye pamwe naShe - vari yechipiri.

Descartes anokamura rokusikwa fuma zvinhu (zvinhu), uye zvokunamata (pfungwa). For yechipiri zvinhu zvinhu runozivisa tatamuka (urefu akaenzana). Ndivo divisible kuti kusaverengeka. Creation Spiritual fuma, maererano muzivi pfungwa, vane chiratidzo mafungiro. Vane vasingasiyani.

Man hunopfuura vose vari hunhu chii rinoumbwa zviviri zvinhu: zvokunyama. Saka, munhu dualistic. Material uye fuma mairi zvomudzimu vakaenzana. Saka ndakaona, "korona rezvisikwa" Rene Dekart. Maonero musayendisiti yakasarudza cheZoroastrianism muuzivi mubvunzo nokusingaperi pokutanga: nyaya kana kuziva.

Uchapupu ndiro rine chokwadi chikonzero

"Ndinofunga, saka ndiri" - munyori yakakurumbira aphorism ndiye Rene Dekart. Major zvakawanwa uzivi anobva uchapupu pakati ndiro rine chokwadi chikonzero.

Pazvinhu zvose iwe unogona chokwadi, saka, pane mubvunzo chaiyo uye inoda hapana uchapupu. Mubvunzo - pfuma iyi akafunga. Kukahadzika murume achifunga. Naizvozvo, munhu ariko zvechokwadi, sezvo iye achifunga. Kufunga - basa pfungwa, saka, hwaro upenyu kunongova kufunga.

yaanobhadhara Descartes

The musayendisiti akataura kushandisa nzira yaanobhadhara , kwete chete masvomhu uye wefizikisi asiwo zvouzivi. "Kuti zvokuchinja ruzivo kubva handicrafts kuti maindasitiri kugadzirwa" - ndiwo basa pamberi pake Rene Dekart. The nyika yaairarama (kunyanya vaJesuit), haana kutora dzidziso yake.

Heano dzinokosha zvinodavirwa muchitendero nzira iyi epistemological:

• kwakavakirwa pakutsvakurudza ruzivo uye mutongo chete akanyatsovimbika, hakusi mubvunzo;
• vagovane kunzwisisa dambudziko migove;
• kufamba kubva anozivikanwa nekusimba uye unproven zvisingazivikanwi;
• zvinotevera kuzviomesera urongwa, kudzivirira kurasikirwa chezvaizoitika Links ari cheni.

Dzidziso "pfungwa chokuziva"

Zvikuru kukura uzivi, vakagamuchira dzidziso "chokuziva pfungwa," munyori riri Rene Dekart. Pfungwa huru uye nedzidziso uchapupu:

• ruzivo Most zvinoitwa yaanobhadhara, asi pane ruzivo kuti haatarisiri uchapupu - "chokuziva pfungwa";
• vari rakakamurwa pfungwa (somuenzaniso, mweya, muviri, Mwari, etc.) nezvakatongwa (semuenzaniso, rose kupfuura mugove).

Rene Dekart. Biography: Interesting Facts

• Over 20 makore chokugara muNetherlands Rene Dekart aifanira kurarama ayo ose.
• I. P. Pavlov vaiona muvambi Rene Dekarta tsvakurudzo yavo, saka pamberi murabhoritari muzivi yake shongwe.
• GCAP Descartes tsamba A, B uye C kureva constants, uye vokupedzisira tsamba of Latin arufabheti - variables.
• On mwedzi pane mwena, mazita musayendisiti mukuru.
• Swedish Koroleva Kristina aida payo mangwanani ose kuita chaizvo Rene Dekart. Biography musayendisiti rine ruzivo kuti aifanira kuita kuti kumusoro shanu mangwanani.
• Kana reburial pakati zvasara muzivi yakawanikwa kupotsa dehenya, chiri saka munhu kugona kutsanangura.
• Pasinei chokwadi kuti kusvikira zvino mukuru shanduro rufu musayendisiti seva nemabayo, vakawanda vanodavira kuti akaurayiwa. Munguva 1980s paiva uchapupu nomuchetura pamwe Arsenic Rene Dekarta.