Rinopfungaira chigayo: nhoroondo uye kupatsanura ano

A anokungurutsa chigayo sezvo zano kuti processing nesimbi uye nezvimwe zvakawanda kutenderera kumanikidzwa mupumburu anotanga kutaurwa mabasa Leonardo da Vinci. The mashandiro dangwe yakarondedzerwa tenzi guru 1495, aiendeswa nokurapa gaba. Rolling mano zvinonzi nevakawanda kushandiswa kare muzana remakore rechi17, apo vaishanda pahwaro Chinyorwa actuators, iyo gare gare vakanga yakatsiviwa mvura (mvura vhiri), uye ipapo ichifashaira. Nhasi, Rental midziyo ine Chinyorwa nemotokari rinowanzoshandiswa handicraft basa.

A tikaisa chigayo sechikamu midziyo ine chikuru muviri (kushanda chawo, izvo ingabva maviri mabhanzi wandei, yemagetsi uye mano, simba kupfuudzwa kuna rollers ari injini) uye ebetsero (Equipment kuti kutamira workpieces, avo nokuveza, kuswatura, tilting, etc. ) .. The namaapuro dzakananga michina vasiyana chigadzirwa mhando, izvo ibudiswe.

Akakungurutsira zvigadzirwa, zvichienderana nemhando muchinjikwa chikamu rakakamurwa mapoka akawanda, kusanganisira:

- nenyere (musono kana anoitwa nomoto);

- akakungurusa jira (dzakaonda jira kana akakungurutsa ndiro (4 mm));

- akakungurusa (pachena kana shaped);

- chaiyo rinopfungaira (chisina kutsetseka C-zvakaumbwa, ane shanduka Profile, etc.).

The rinopfungaira chigayo maererano mhando chigadzirwa anogona kupiwa mumwe zvinotevera mapoka: mapaipi, lento-, zhesteprokatnye, inokosha, jira, waya, shtripsovye, Broadband, yepamusoro, crimping (kazhinji vachiita), billet achifinyamisa chigayo. Equipment kwakadai ndiko kura. Somuenzaniso, kunze kwenguva duku chigayo anogona kuva gumi metres refu, uye makuru musi kopi refu anopindura 5.500 meters (vaiva ne "Anshen eAndes Iron Steel Group").

Kupatsanura pakati Zvigayo pamusoro zvakagadzirwa zviri sezvinotevera:

- mumwe single- (sezvamunoita wavo crate, augmented Somuenzaniso, Motors nhanhatu yemagetsi, muusungwa mashanu, vana gearboxes matatu nengoro saizi giya uye vaviri spindles);

- Linear rinopfungaira chigayo (kumira dziri kurongwa mumwe pashure pomumwe, dzimwe nguva vakawanda mitsetse, zvigadzirwa kupatsanurwa mune rimwe divi);

- Serial (wandei kuroorwa chemwenje zvigayo vakaronga sequentially kana neimwe kuitira);

- kuramba (billet kupatsanurwa mumitauro miviri zvinoverengeka mumakeji);

- Semi-kuramba (pane kuramba zvikamu uye Linear Hardware zvinoriumba).

chigayo sei? Chokutanga, simbi vara iri neshungu mu chaiyo matsime (tembiricha anenge 1800 C), pakwakanga munorwira yemagetsi motokari kune chikuru kubudiswa (mu vachiita kana slabbing) chine vara inotengwa kubva mbariro. Next, mumwe nomumwe midziyo mhando rinopfungaira simbi machira vakagadzirira kana apedza chigadzirwa akafanorongerwa chimiro, zvakadai somunhu njanji, uye vamwe. Modern michina Kazhinji munhu Kudzingwa-tikaisa zvigayo anogona dzinoona workpiece iri rinomirira panguva kumhanya anenge 300? Km paawa.

Kugadzirwa pokukungurutsira zvigayo chinhu chisinganzwisisiki uye kudhura muitiro, asi nhasi pane makambani muRussia kuti pave zvigadzirwa zvakadaro. Mukuwedzera huru uye ebetsero midziyo nokuda vabudirire nokushanda zvakaoma kunoda mukuru-zvakarurama zvokushandisa, lubrication midziyo, uyewo kuvapa magetsi kune zvigayo ane zvachose inokwana 200-300 MW.