Miatlinskaya HPP: tsananguro, nhoroondo uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

Miatlinskaya HPP zvinoreva Sulanskomu Hydroelectric. The chiteshi riri pamusoro Sulak River muna Dagestan, pedyo nomusha Miatli. Anoita zvikuru zvitatu mabasa - kuti vaunze magetsi, riri konrregulyatorom Chirkeyskaya HPP (iri nechokumusoro kwerwizi), zvinhu mvura kubva dura muna Makhachkala (guru Dagestan). Station, zvichienzaniswa vazhinji zvinhu izvi mhando, zviri mupfupi asi akasiyana mune marongerwo uye kunzwisisa kuvakwa. Sezvo chikamu mazuvaano yose simba zvakaoma weRussia riri ichivakwa pachiteshi.

Start basa

Paivakwa Chirkeyskaya HPP yakaratidza kuti uwandu pauri mvura inofanira kugadziridzwa, saka muna 1973 kwakasarudzwa kutanga kuvaka imwe chechitima. basa rose rakanga raitwa munguva dzakaoma ezvinhu yamakomo. Musoro chirongwa chokutanga zvakanakisisa nyanzvi Arch dhamu DA Shandalov, uyo akasiya nyika achangofa kutanga basa, asingaoni sei Miatlinsky simba chirimwa zvichabviswa kwakatangwa.

Nhoroondo pakuvaka chiteshi chaizvo kunzwisisa. Muna 1976, kuti kunyura enzira chakatangwa, izvo zvakaita kuti iya iri Nemikwidza uye chitarisiko kuondomoka kurudyi pamahombekombe erwizi, apo paiva zvinhu inoverengeka yemberi zvechitima. Nyanzvi vakaedza kugadzirisa mamiriro ezvinhu tichibatsirwa okugadzira zvivako, asi ngozi kuparara hwaponeswa.

tama kuvaka

Kuti vave nechokwadi kuchengeteka ramangwana nzvimbo akawana nzvimbo makiromita maviri pazasi mai. kuchinja izvi zvakaguma kuomesa yose yezvinhu, zvakatora vangu kuvaka pakaitika tangi (dhayamita: 25 m, udzamu - 76 metres), kuti kuchinja rukoronga (1700 metres), Matangiro Aungaita avtotunnelya (1500 metres) kurutivi rworuboshwe.

Pindana inogara Sulak River kwakaitika muna 1980, iyo redirected aibuda mvura vachera zvisingakuvadzi mugero. Kukudza vavaki dzinosanganisira chokwadi yaivakwa kunzwisisa hurongwa arch dhamu mumwaka mumwe chete. Kana ichi kwave kugona itsva Michina Tiered kongiri basa, wokutanga zvekupfakira kwakaitika muna 1983, munguva imwe chete yakaitwa sboyka avtotunnelya. Vehicular motokari mumugwagwa uye zambuko yakavhurwa muna 1984.

kutanga chinonyengera

Muna 1985 akatanga kugadzwa wokutanga Unit, chawakaronga mafashamo kuti dura akatora nzvimbo pakupera kwegore. Miatlinskaya HPP yakatanga wokutanga hydraulic chikwata muna December 1985, muna January 1986, akapa maindasitiri uno, muzhizha pachiteshi yakatanga hydraulic Unit wechipiri, wakanga kutanga uzere mutoro chiteshi.

Hydroelectric Dam ikazadzwa kusvikira akaronga padanho 154 makiromita muna 1987. Kuwedzera tangi Miatlinskaya HPP ane kureba anenge 15 makiromita ari makubhiti 300 metres, kudzama anosvika 60 mamita. Watershed ari estuary ane nzvimbo Vhoriyamu 13.3? Km. CC., uye panguva nzvimbo dzinenge 14 mamita ^3, zvachose kushandisika vanokwanisa pakati catchment kunharaunda 16,2 kusvika 32.7? km. bv. Waste mvura kuburikidza zvivako zviri 3000 mamita ³ / s kunonyanyisa mutoro. Munguva pakuvaka tangi pasi mafashamo rakarova 151 ha nyika yekurima.

Miatlinsky simba chirimwa: kudzokorora

Description of Zvivako ravarwi;

• Arch dhamu. Magadzirirwo chinozoiswa pachiteshi, mumwe yakasiyana uye chakaoma kunzwisisa. Arch madhamu akavaka matatu chete muna USSR - Meatlinskaya HPP Chirkey HPP Gunibskaya HPP. Kukwirira mai iri 86,5 metres, kureba 179 metres.
• Kuvaka mugero.
• Kuvaka hydropower miti pamahombekombe erwizi Sulak.
• Yokuenzanisa Dam.
• Penstocks.
• Kufamba kubva dhamu zvisingakuvadzi mugero.

Miatlinskaya zviduku Hydroelectric chiteshi, pakukwanisa kwayo ndiko 220 MW, pagore unobereka anenge mamiriyoni 700 KW / h. Akatasva maviri Hydroelectric mvura turbine, simba nerimwe riri 110 MW ari pamusoro mvura 46 metres por wechipiri. Engineering chiteshi tichiita Institute "Lengidroproekt".

matambudziko emvura turbines

Miatlinsky simba chirimwa kurwizi Sulak muna 2014 nedanho pedutu. Kubva kushanda zvakava pachena kuti iri kupfuura madzinde hydraulic turbines nokukurumidza makatsemuka, nokuti iyo aifanira kugara kugadziriswa. Hydraulic turbine yakaiswa pamusoro unhu haana kumbosiyana kubva vamwe kushanda nedzimwe pazviteshi, asi zvinhu yavakararama, zvakanyanyisa, mvura velocity iri mamita 46 pasekondi yoga yoga, ndokusaka chipande inogona nyore sousingabatsiri.

Uyezve, nokuda chichiwedzera simba zvinodiwa vanoda kwakamuka simba goho kukwanisa. Senzira nzwisisika mazuvaano wekambani "RusHydro" purogiramu chibvumirano pamwe yeAustria mugadziri Voith Hydro romugove uye Kutsiviwa kwemari impellers zvose hydraulic dzakabatana.

vakiridzo

Muna 2015, basa rokuvakazve wokutanga hydraulic turbine, apo sezvo aronga rwaiitwa, paiva yokutsiva ari impeller. Zvinonzi vakapakata mashizha vanomwe vane simba kwakawedzera (kupfuura 2 matani ari mumwe chipande), zvinonyatsorehwa kurema vhiri rinosvika matani 128. Kuti pave nematambudziko oparesheni yakawedzera mafuta nevezera ndangariro gadziriro anosvika 63 atmospheres (yaiva 40 ATM.), Danho iri akabvumira yokuderedza uwandu mafuta kuparadzwa uye kuvandudza kwezvakatipoteredza unongotaura. The matanho akatorwa vaipa kuwedzera kugona, uye mune ramangwana anovimbisa zvakawanda simba.

Kunze hydro turbine vhiri, paiva yokutsiva kudzora gadziriro, remagetsi dziviriro pakavha uye hydro turbines. Power turbine yakawedzera kusvika 113 MW. A turbine chechipiri chaiva kuenda kuburikidza chete chokutambudzika vavakezve, asi basa iri kunonoka.

vakaronga mabasa

Nzvimbo Miatlinsky simba chirimwa zvinoreva matombo nomunzvimbo dzine uye rwizi Sulak kazhinji "capricious" saka kuitisa yakarongwa Ongororo, kugadzira uye kuchenesa ari kuchinja chiteshi kunokosha nokushanda Hydroelectric simba zvinomera. Okudzivirira basa rinoitwa kamwe ose matatu, ndiro zvakaitika muna October 2016.

Sezvo kanda yemapurisa derivational tanera kuomeswa, kukwirira kwayo kuri 12 metres uye wakafara makubhiti anenge 15 metres, kureba 1,7 makiromita. To dhureni mvura rukoronga kunodiwa kuti uchaburukira mvura uye gadzirira kuti kusimudza masuo uye marara ezvinhu, ipapo pedyo chikamu uye mberi kusvika zvikasabudiswa rukoronga. Kuvharwa yakawedzera kubva kondo, ivo vanomiririra multi-savi chivako kufamba riri zvinogoneka chete achibatsirwa kwemichina.

tanera rokuongorora achiitiswa Laser kushanda pakuvheneka uye kwakajairika netsika - ne rokuongorora vashandi. matambudziko Global (makatsemuka, voids) vakanga dzakaonekwa, uye pakukora ari monolithic kongiri kuraswa haina atyora panzvimbo imwe. kugadzira Minor zvichiri kudiwa. Kuzadza mvura mutsetse yakanga kwava - masuo shutter akavhurika nokuda masendimita 15 chete, asi zviri zvakakwana matani emvura vakatanga kupinda hurongwa. Today Miatlinsky simba chirimwa riri kushanda zvakanaka.