Solder nokuti pokunamatidza mhangura, aruminiyamu, nendarira, simbi uye Stainless simbi. Solder sezvamunoita nokuti pokunamatidza. Mhando solder nokuda pokunamatidza

Kana wakasimba varibatanidze pamwe siyana zvakasimba yeimwe, kuti kazhinji vakasarudzwa nokuda brazing ichi. Izvi anowanika dzakawanda nzvimbo indasitiri. Tinofanira solder uye handyman.

oparesheni Izvi zvinobatsira kwete chete kana vainyeperwa TV kana kombiyuta, uye kuti pakupora kutsiviwa zvipiriso Chip kana chip. With izvi ipfupi Refrigeration, maindasitiri gadziriro. Pike kubatsira kana zvakafanira kuwana chisimbiso. Uyezve, mamwe emashoko havambofi kwakabatana nenzira yakasiyana. Aluminum, mhangura, ndarira haagoni batanidza nokuda Welding. Kuti tiwane unhu uye rakavimbika, uyewo chisimbiso, zvinokosha kuti kwete chete michina zvakanaka uye unyanzvi, asi zvakakodzera consumables - solders uye fluxes kuti pokunamatidza.

Alloys, solders uye zvinoyerera mhando vanosarudzwa zvichienderana zvinhu, izvo zvichaita kuti kushanda. Somuenzaniso, tichifambirana aruminiyamu zvigadzirwa kunoda yakasiyana nekubudisa zvimwe pane kuti mhangura kana sirivha. Below isu tsanangura chikuru unhu neimwe uye sarudza zvakanaka sarudzo kuti basa.

Solder nokuti pokunamatidza: zvinhu unhu

Sezvo richishandiswa zvakasiyana simbi alloys. Panewo nziyo yakavakirwa yakaisvonaka simbi. To kushandisa imwe solder aigona kusika yepamusoro kubatana, zvinhu izvi zvinofanira zvakasiyana zvimwe unhu.

wettability

Chokutanga, chero mhando solder anofanira kuva chakanakisisa wettability. Pasina chikamu ichi soldered zvinoriumba nyore unogona yakavimbika haana kutaura mumwe. Chii wettability? Ndicho inonakidza chakajairika kuti kana simba zvisungo pakati yakasimba nezvimedu uye mvura iri kupfuura mushonga mamorekuru. Kana pane wetting, apo mvura vachaparadzirwa kwose pamusoro penyika uye anopinda in zvose. Saka, kana solder kuti solder haaiti dzanyorova Somuenzaniso, mhangura, zvino haagoni kushandiswa simbi iyi. Nokuti pokunamatidza kwayaienda harishandiswi yakachena chimiro. Its wetting unhu yakaderera chaizvo uye haugoni kuverenga pamatunhu unhu papi.

utsotso pfungwa

Chero chimiro solder, tembiricha panguva iyo inotanga vazvinyause, kuva pazasi utsotso soldered zvinhu. Zvinofanira kuva kupfuura kushanda kutonhora zvikamu.

Achitaura pamusoro utsotso tembiricha chinorehwa maviri pfungwa. Ndicho chamunowana iyo kubvunda fusible zvinoriumba vachava dzifunge uye zvishoma, uko chiwanikwa inova mvura. Kusiyana izvi tembiricha maviri inonzi crystallization penguva. Kana pokunamatidza nzvimbo iri mukati musiyano ichi, kuti kunyange duku zvemaziso mitoro pamusoro workpiece anogona kuparadza solder mamiriro zvachose. Panyaya iyi zvichaparadzwa kupembererwa mukuru brittleness uye nemishonga. Rangarirai chinhu chikuru: regai chero nzira sei kubatana sokuvapo solder nokuti pokunamatidza hakusi zvizere chaicho.

ehupfumi zvinokosha solders

Chero mhando uye chimiro chiwanikwa, zvinogona kushandiswa chero zvinhu, havafaniri here ane chero inorema simbi kana zvimwe zvine chepfu pamusoro hwakagadzwa ndozvakajairwa. The Kuronga solder zvinhu rinoenderana kunonyanyisa zvizere. Zvikasadaro, hazvizovi kuwana yakavimbika kubatana. kunyanya brittleness zvichaitika.

Chero solder, pasinei mhando uye chinangwa, zvinofanira kuva thermally kugadzikana. Uyewo, kuti solder kuti pokunamatidza kuva elektrostabilnostyu. Zvinofanira kufunga coefficients pamusoro chafariz kuwedzera uye chafariz conductivity. Havafaniri kusiyana yekudyidzana kubva tsika vari kureva solder zvigadzirwa.

Mhando solder nokuda pokunamatidza

All huripo alloys kuti kuvhiyiwa ichi rakakamurwa munyoro kana fusible, sezvamakaropafadzwa utsotso tembiricha iri madhigirii kusvika 450 Celsius uye zvakasimba. Pano, zviri zvikuru kupfuura pamusoro akakoshesa.

zvinyoronyoro solders

Chimwe chezvinhu dzakakurumbira uye zvikuru kuonekwa gaba-kutungamirira alloys nedzimwe zviri zvinoriumba. Kuti ape zvakakodzera zvinhu zvechadenga solder nokuda pokunamatidza inogona kuwedzerwa dzakasiyana-siyana zvimwe zvinhu. Somuenzaniso, bismuth uye cadmium anoshandiswa kudzikisa utsotso tembiricha. Zvinyanye namavara akanaka kunowedzera simba brazed rwakashodoka.

Alloys mutobvu uye gaba vane pasi utsotso pfungwa uye simba shoma. Havafaniri kushandiswa zvikamu, kushanda kunosanganisira rakakomba mutoro. Uyewo, solders izvi hazvisi yakarumbidza kana kushanda kutonhora zvikamu zvichava pamusoro 100 ° C. Kana uine kuti solder zvikamu dzakatakura zvinyoronyoro solders, vanofanira kuedza kuwedzera nzvimbo kunyorerana pakati zvigadzirwa maviri.

Pakati zvikuru nevanhu zvinyoronyoro zvinhu vangazivikanwa pic-18 pic-30 pic-40 pic-61 pic-90. Nhamba anopiwa nokuda kwechikonzero. Ndiro chikamu gaba ari chiwanikwa. Munguva indasitiri rinenge zvakawanda yaiwanzoshandiswa anogadzira zvinhu zvemagetsi, chiridzwa kugadzira. Muupenyu hwezuva nezuva, inokwanisawo batanidza zvakasiyana siyana zvinoriumba: redunhu materevhizheni, microwave yamavira, dzemagetsi kettles nezvimwe midziyo yemagetsi diki.

kugadzwa solders

Pos-90 akagadzirirwa kushanda pamwe mashoko, iyo ichange ichitongwa galvanic rwokugadzira. Pos-61 inogona kushandiswa yokugadzirisa zvakarurama michina. Uyewo, kuti chiwanikwa rakanakira unobatanidza remari mukuru mutoro zvakasiyana siyana nezvinhu. Pos-61 vakaratidza pacharo zvakakwana sechinhu solder kuti pokunamatidza mhangura, nendarira. Solder rakakodzera kana zvakakodzera kuzadzisa igadzikane yeimwe dzakakwirira magetsi conductivity.

Pos-40 rinoshandiswa chaizvo mabasa pamwe ratyama uye kururama akadzama. In kushanda munzvimbo iyi inogona neshungu yakakwirira tembiricha. Pic-30 akakodzera pokunamatidza mhangura kana ndarira, simbi uye alloys simbi.

simba

Pakati refractory alloys vari zvinowanzoshandiswa uye kusiyaniswa mapoka maviri chete. Izvi ainyanya mhangura kana sirivha alloys.

Boka rokutanga zvingasanganisira solder, mhangura uye zinc. Ivo unonyatsokodzera avo yeimwe izvo zvichashaya pedyo kunofambira mberi mutoro. The fragility pamusoro alloys izvi haabvumiri kushandisa navo nodes vachaona kuramwa kana vibration.

By solders emhangura kana zinc-kwakavakirwa nziyo zvinosanganisira PMC-36 uye PMC-54. First - ichi ndicho chakakwana nendarira solder nokuda pokunamatidza kana zvimwe yeimwe mhangura. Yechipiri yacho yakakodzera kushandiswa pamusoro zvikamu mhangura, ndarira kana simbi.

Kana uchida kubatanidza pamwe chete vaviri simbi zvikamu, ipapo zvinokwanisika kushandisa mhangura wakachena, ndarira mamakisi L-62, L-62, L-68. solders aya anotaura zviri zvendarira anogona kusika kusimba uye epurasitiki yeimwe. Copper alloys vane unhu hwakadaro.

Kukurukurwa pamusoro soro alloys yepamusoro sirivha. The sezvamunoita anogona dzinewo zingi uye mhangura. AKP-70 - Solder nokuda pokunamatidza mhangura, kushandisa nendarira kana sirivha zvinoriumba. chinhu ichi rakakodzera kana kubatana nzvimbo anofanira kuitisa magetsi. SDP-65 wakashandiswa kugadzirwa zvishongo, Fittings, pombi mvura. AKP-45 zvinodiwa unobva mitezo, ayo wakashanda pasi vibration uye kuvhunduka zvinorema.

dzimwe mhando

Kune dzimwe, shoma dzakakurumbira solders. Kazhinji vari kushandiswa zvisingawanzoitiki simbi kana kuti kushanda Mamiriro ezvinhu. Somuenzaniso, nickel-muzinda Formulations aida kuti zvigadzirwa anoshanda ari kumusoro tembiricha ezvinhu. Ivowo solder alloys ngura nemishonga. Solders, inobva goridhe rakashandiswa pabasa Vacuum sepombi. Kune solders uye magnesium zvakakodzera.

kusunungurwa Form

Zvinhu uye nziyo kuti brazing dzinowanikwa zvakasiyana-siyana. Saka, zvingava waya, nhete foil, mapiritsi, upfu. Uyewo iripo somunhu solder namatidza kana granules. On muchimiro zviri, sezvo solder achava kuwanikwa mubasa nzvimbo.

aruminiyamu brazing Features

Remubatanidzwa brazing aruminiyamu zvikamu zvaishandiswa bhizimisi uye mumba. Somuenzaniso, nhasi bhasikoro mapuranga wakaumbwa aruminiyamu chiwanikwa - mumamiriro dzokutyaira, kazhinji kuvhuna. Mubvunzo ndewokuti: worudzii solder kusarudza?

Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pokunamatidza kuti aruminiyamu - zvikuru kunzwisisa kwacho. Asi chokwadi ichi zvakadaro, kana vari muitiro kushandisa zvokuvakisa Stainless simbi kana ndarira, simbi, mhangura. Chikonzero ichi - the oxide firimu. Kuti Haapi aida nenhanho wettability uye asingauyi wokuparadza nechepasi simbi.

Pokunamatidza aruminiyamu yayo alloys

Kuti basa kuchaitika panguva yakakodzera pachiyero, kuti solder nokuda pokunamatidza ose aruminiyamu vanofanira ane nesilicon, aruminiyamu, mhangura, zingi uye sirivha. Nhasi, nepamusika angawana nziyo umo zvinoriumba izvi zvose vari kukura siyana.

Kusarudza yakavimbika solder, zvakakosha funga zvinotevera. The kunonyanyisa ngura nemishonga uye yakakwirira simba vaizova mukomboni raiitwa pamwe solder, chine yakawanda zinc.

Uyewo aruminiyamu zvinogona kushandiswa yeimwe pamusoro tini nomutobvu hwaro. Asi zvakakosha zvakanaka kugadzirira basa pamusoro, bhurasho kuchenesa Stainless simbi, uye kushandisa basa fluxes. Asi nyanzvi regai dzinokurudzira kushandiswa akadaro maatomu akafanana.

Chero solder nokuti mukuru tembiricha aruminiyamu brazing. Chinonyanya Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri, kuti kubvumira kuwana yakavimbika kubatana, - aruminiyamu-nesilicon uye aruminiyamu-mhangura-nesilicon.

Sei solder mhangura?

Sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, zvinokwanisika kushanda ruzhinji nziyo. Rinogona kushandiswa pasi-tembiricha yakaderera-utsotso uye brazing filler simbi. Chimwe kushandiswa nziyo kwakavakirwa mugaba-kutungamirira, tini, sirivha, mhangura, sirivha uye zinc.

Kana uchida kugadzira kombiyuta motherboard kana kugadzira TV munyika, unogona kushandisa chero fusible okunze. Kana zvakafanira kuti solder Fittings pamusoro pombi kana pombi dzemvura kana kugadzira mufiriji, ipapo chete vachava ikodzere brazing mashoko brazing mhangura. Saka zvinoita kuwana yepamusoro zvabuda.

Stainless simbi

Kana uchida chokubatanidza zvikamu kubva Stainless simbi, kuti nyanzvi dzinokurudzira kushandiswa matanda tini nomutobvu. zvinhu pamwe cadmium vari yakanyatsokodzera. Unogona kushandisa fusible alloys kwakavakirwa zinc. Zvisinei, varege kushandiswa pachiimbwa kabhoni kana yakaderera-chiwanikwa steels. Best solder nokuti pokunamatidza pamusoro Stainless simbi - mumwe sezvamunoita yakavakirwa yakaisvonaka gaba. Uyezve, chete gaba kutenderwa kana pokunamatidza nzvimbo achava uchikurukura zvokudya.

Kana basa kuitwa rakaoma kana vira muchadenga, ipapo kushandisa sirivha manganese, nickel-chromium kana akachena mhangura solder (uye kupfuura iya nendarira). Kana pokunamatidza kunodikanwa kungatikanganisa runyararo, shandisa sirivha tinoli chiduku chikamu nickel.

Pike simbi

Batanidza zvikamu zviviri zviri nyore nepedyo. Kutengeka uye vakarongeka solder nokuda pokunamatidza kuti simbi - Pos-41. Panewo Pos-60 uye vamwe, kunyange anogona wakachena gaba kushandiswa. Asi zingi nziyo rakakodzera chakaipa. Kunyanya kana totaura kabhoni kana yakaderera-chiwanikwa zvinhu.

Fluxes nokuti brazing

Munguva oparesheni zvinoyerera chinoita muduku basa pane solder. Izvi makemikari solvent absorb uye oxides. Rinotaurawo anodzivirira simbi kubva oxidation uye kunowedzera wetting.

Kushanda pamwe okunze pahwaro mutobvu uye gaba sezvo ane zvinoyerera ingashandiswa hydrochloric acid, zingi chloride. Uyewo dzakakodzera chibooreso, Ammonium chloride. Izvi zvinoshingaira fluxes. Nokuti basa zvinosanganisira rosin, peturu mondo, mafuta omuorivhi, uye vazhinji zvimwe zvinhu.

Somuenzaniso, hydrochloric asidhi mhinduro inogona kushandiswa nyoro solders. Zingi chloride rinoshandiswa nendarira, mhangura, simbi. Amoniya, akavata zvakakwana unoparadzanisa uye urwa zvakakora zvinhu. Nokuti aruminiyamu kushandisa Zvinoumba tung mafuta, rosin, calcined zingi chloride. Unogonawo kushandisa pfungwa yokushanda phosphoric acid.

Saka, takazoziva ndedzipi solders, uye ndoupi yakanaka kushandisa dzakasiyana zviitiko.