Russia akabatana WTO: zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira. Apo Russia akabatana WTO (musi, gore)?

WTO - chinhu dzakawanda urongwa iyo anoita somutsivi kuna General Agreement musi tariffs, uye Trade (GATT). The yokupedzisira yakanga yakasainwa muna 1947. Zvakanga vaifungidzira kuti pfupi uye achakurumidza chikatsiviwa sangano dzakazara. Zvisinei, GATT aiva mukuru chibvumirano yokudzora yokumwe kutengeserana kwemakore anoda kusvika 50. The Soviet Union aida kubatana naye, asi iye regai kupa, saka zvipfuwo nhau nekuita pamwe mamiriro ichi chete rinotanga kubva nguva apo Russia vakabatanawo WTO. nyaya iyi Rakakwanira nhasi nyaya. Uyewo, chichagamuchirwa vakaongorora zvakaipira chii Russia yava akabatana WTO, zvayakanakira nezvayakaipira chisarudzo ichi. Tinotarisa muitiro, mamiriro ezvinhu uye zvebasa accession kuna World Trade Organization, kudenha mibvunzo nokuti Russian Federation.

Will Russia vanobatana WTO?

The Russian Federation ndiye pamutemo akatsiva USSR. Kana isu nezvazvo apo Russia akabatana WTO, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti sangano iri vakava operative chete muna 1995. The sangano idzva rine kuongorora zvikuru rakasiyana-siyana nenyaya. The USSR chikumbiro pamutemo kuti mucherechedzi chinzvimbo muna muUruguay Round muna 1986 nechinangwa kwohumwe accession kuna General Agreement musi tariffs, uye Trade. Asi United States vakauramba. Chikonzero chaiva akaronga upfumi of USSR, izvo zvakanga zvisingaenderani nezvinotaurwa pfungwa yakasununguka kutengeserana. The Soviet Union akapiwa mucherechedzi chinzvimbo muna 1990. Pashure rusununguko Russia pakarepo kushandisa kuti accession kuna GATT. Nokukurumidza General Agreement yakashandurwa kuva sangano dzakazara. Zvisinei, mashoko zvakananga kupinda Russian Federation muna GATT / WTO atora anenge 20 makore. mibvunzo zvakawandisa inoda Kufambisa.

Pfungwa accession kuna WTO

Russia sezvo yakazvimirira mamiriro mavambo accession kuna World Trade Organization muna 1993. Kubva panguva iyoyo ndakatanga kuenzanisa nemugwagwa-enyika hurumende munyika pamwe WTO nemitemo. Zvadaro takatanga bilateral Nhaurirano apo Russia rwakatanga kwokutanga kupfimbwa nenhanho kutsigira zvokurima uye musika kuwana. mibvunzo miviri iyi zvinoumba hwaro kwakadzama kusvikira ratification esungano muna 2012. Muna 2006, mukati kuumbwa of Asia-Pacific Forum, Russia, uye US dzakasaina reRussia accession dzakati kuna WTO. Zvisinei, munyika yose zvoupfumi kuGreece uye kwakadzama pamusoro Implementation kwohumwe zvokukura yokuwana nhengo musangano zvave vambomira. Iye zvange uye anopesana Georgia pamusoro South Ossetia uye Abkhazia. The chibvumirano ne nyika iyi yaiva rokupedzisira danho munzira kuenda reRussia WTO accession. Zvikanyorwa 2011 muSwitzerland.

tsika mubatanidzwa

In kukurukura mubvunzo, kana Russia akabatana WTO, zvakakosha kunzwisisa kuti kubva January 2010, Russian Federation angada kuitawo nedanho accession kuna Customs Union. Izvi Vladimir Putin akaita mashoko pamusoro dare musangano EurAsEC muna June 2009. The Tsika Union inosanganisira, mukuwedzera Russia, Belarus uye kuKazakhstan. It rakaumbwa muna October 2007. WTO nhengo zvinogona kwete nyika asiwo kusangana neshamwari. Zvisinei, utungamiriri World Trade Organization rhinestones vakanyevera zviremera Russian izvozvo kuti kunonotsa zvikuru muitiro chokuwana nhengo. Muna October 2009, Russia akaratidza ayo kuzivisa rinenge ratangwa rinofanira kupera pakutangazve bilateral Nhaurirano. Kazakhstan akabatana World Trade Organization muna 2015, uye Belarus achiri asiri nhengo sangano iri dzakawanda.

Apo Russia akabatana WTO: Date, Year

The resumption pamusoro bilateral hurukuro rava zvikuru nyore chirongwa accession kuna World Trade Organization nokuda Russian Federation. By December 2010, ose nyaya dzakanga kugadziriswa. Panguva kweBrussels wegomo akasaina runoenzanirana gwaro. 22 August, 2012 - musi kana Russia zvasungwa ari WTO. Date kwakaratidza ratification of Protocol pakati Accession of Russian Federation, akasaina musi December 16 2011, uye kupinda simba kuMudzidzisi pamutemo chiito.

kupinda mamiriro

Zvinofanira accession kuna WTO ari nani kunzwisisa. Inoitwa mumatanho anoverengeka uye zvinotora zvishoma makore 5-7. First mamiriro kushandisa nhengo. Pashure kune nokuongorora kutengeserana-enyika hurumende munyika panguva ufanane vaGiriyedhi hoc kushanda mumapoka. In wechipiri nguva, Nhaurirano uye yokubvunza pamusoro mashoko nhengo wacho ari WTO. Vanogona kujoina chero nyika hanya. Chekutanga Nhaurirano zvose chokuita kuwana misika uye nguva pakatanga kuchinja. mamiriro ezvinhu accession akambochera magwaro anotevera:

• Working Group mushumo. It rinotema mazita ose kodzero uye mitoro kuti vave vaifungidzira ne nyika.
• List kuti mutero zvichemo zviri chinhu mumunda uye akabvumira mukana subsidizing ari agrarian zvekutepfenyura.
• The mazita chaiwo wazvipira pamusoro mabasa.
• The mazita kunze kune MFN.
• Legal urongwa ari bilateral uye multilateral chechetere.
• Protocol kuti accession.

Pakupedzisira nguva, ratification pamusoro pasuru magwaro, izvo zvakabvumiranwa mukati yechinangwa vaGiriyedhi hoc kushanda mumapoka. Pashure kuti zvava chikamu mitemo emarudzi wacho State uye mumiriri nyika ichichinja kuita nhengo World Trade Organization.

Zvinangwa uye Zvinangwa

Apo Russia akabatana WTO muna 2012, akaita saizvozvo sorutivi wayo zvoupfumi nzira. Pari, hurumende haigoni kuvaka zvinobudirira National upfumi, pasina kuva nhengo yesangano iri. Russia kutsvakwa accession zvayo WTO zvinotevera zvinangwa:

• Kuwana kuwana chikuru kune misika dzokumwe nezvezvipfuwo zvigadzirwa kuburikidza pakushandisa MFN, iyo anonzi nesangano.
• Kutanga yakanaka mubhizimisi ekunze nokuunza mitemo yenyika aenderane ne dzakawanda nemitemo.
• Kuvandudza makwikwi zvezvipfuwo zvinhu.
• Mikana Yakawedzerwa nokuti vanamuzvinabhizimisi Russian uye vanoita kunze.
• Mukana kufurira paumbwe mutemo dzakawanda mumunda wezvokutengeserana, kufungisisa pachavo National zvido zvavo.
• Kuvandudza mufananidzo munyika pamberi nyika voruzhinji.

Kwakadaro refu accession hurukuro - uchapupu chokuzvizadzika zvikuru akanaka ezvinhu kuti Russian nhengo.

mutero kuchinja

Mumwe mukuru zvipingamupinyi kuti Russian Nhengo WTO kwave harmonization mitemo kuwana kumusika yayo dzimwe zvinhu. The weighted paavhareji imupota mutero wacho wakaderedzwa. Mukupesana, iyo kota vemamwe mubasa nemauto inishuwarenzi vawanda. Apfuudza ari kuchinja nguva, imupota mabasa nemhuri midziyo yemagetsi, mishonga uye vanachiremba midziyo uchaderedzwa. pamusoro services - Pasina yechinangwa accession 57 bilateral zvibvumirano ari kuwana epamba kumusika zvinhu uye 30 zvaiitirwa kuti WTO.

Agricultural nyaya

Kunze nokukurukura mutero zvichemo zviri Nhaurirano kugara chinokosha nzvimbo kudzivirirwa rokurima zvekutepfenyura kuRussia. Russian Federation akatsvaka kuderedza uwandu dzinopiwa kuti kuderedzwa. Customs mabasa ari zvokurima zvigadzirwa vava 11.275% panzvimbo 15,178%. For mapoka chigadzirwa nomumwe akawira zvikuru nokuda 10-15%. Mushure Russia akabatana WTO mugore paakatanga kuserera yose mari dambudziko, zvipfuwo zvokurima nemauto akanga atarisana kukuru yemakwikwi mudzimai uye kumisika.

Dzinomutswa nokuti Russian Federation

To musi, pane zvakawanda mabhuku uye nyaya chose kuti tinyatsonzwisisa accession reRussia kuti World Trade Organization. Nyanzvi Most vanoti akanaka kwechirwere izvi pamusoro upfumi. Saka gore chii Russia vakabatanawo WTO? In 2012. Chii zvachinja? Accession akatora makore 18 basa rakaoma. Izvi akatora zvikuru kupfuura zvaitarisirwa. Naizvozvo zvakwakanakira kuonekwe chete munguva yemberi iri kure. Senyanzvi vakawanda vakafanotaura ari pfupi run chikuru zvikuru kupfuura kurasikirwa Nhengo WTO kupfuura kubudirira chaiko. Zvisinei, pane zvimwe zvakanakira inokosha pamusoro tactical vakakurirwa. Saka, accession kuna WTO - zvirokwazvo ndiro yakanaka danho, pasina iro pakuzadzisa nyika ingadai zvisingabviri.

Zvakanakira nekuipira nhengo

Mushure Russia akabatana WTO muna 2012, pamutemo nyanzvi uye nezvoupfumi kumboneta kubudisa nyaya itsva ongorora tarisiro uye matambudziko chokuita chiitiko ichi. nhatu maonero inogona kukamurwa:

1. Kwazvakarerekera. Somuenzaniso, Purofesa Alexander Portansky anotenda kuti asapinda WTO haazogumisi zvakunotibatsira kana kukuvadza.
2. Critical. Nyanzvi Alexei Kozlov akati kuti WTO nhengo haapi Russia chero zvazvakanakira avakawana pfupi. Zvisinei, chiitiko ichi zvinobetsera dzimwe nhengo dzesangano. Tarisiro kwenguva refu kuti Russia Kozlov haatori.
3. Negative. Economist Chief pana Deutsche Bank mu Russia Yaroslav Lisovik anotenda kuti WTO accession aigona kukanganisa upfumi munyika, kunyanya kugadzira indasitiri, nokuda rutapudzo kuti imupota mabasa.

Zvisinei, vanamazvikokota vakawanda vanobvuma kuti zvakanakira kuti Russia kubvira nhengo iri World Trade Organization kucharatidzwa, akagovera nomazvo mudzimba uye yokumwe mutemo chete kwenguva.