Shamayka - hove inonzi "youmambo"

Shemaya (shamayka) - hove, iyo inorondedzera kuti kabhu. Miti iyi akaparadzirwa nembiya of Azov, Black uye reCaspian makungwa. Hazvina kukura kune huru yese. Somuenzaniso, mumwe mumiririri "gungwa dema" anoyera avhareji vanenge 180-270 g, apo panewo zviitiko hukuru guru kuti tisvike 650. Asi reCaspian hove shamayka, mapikicha zviri munyaya ino, inokura kusvika magiramu 240, asi zvikuru kashoma kusangana uye paundi hove.

kubereka

hove Izvi zvinotora zita rayo kubva Persian "Shah-Mai", mutsara anoshandura se - ". hove youmambo" Its zvokuvakisa mutengo isakarurama vavariro iri chikuru zvichienzaniswa nedzimwe hove muGungwa Azov, akakwanisa circumvent kunyange Sturgeon. Gore negore hove akabatwa zvinokosha chaizvo shoma kuti kunoitika nokuda Kuipa ayo maberekero ezvinhu (uye saka, kubatwa, kusunungura icho). Shamayka - hove, ine zvakawanda zvakafanana ne yakakurumbira Vimba, nomuromo magumo wake, nemuviri elongated.

In siyana kumatunhu Russia vaShemaa zviri kukonzera anomhanya panguva dzakasiyana: kuwa muna Kuban, mukuvamba chitubu kana chando pamusoro Don, mu Kourou reCaspian shemaya zvaisanganisira muchando, apo ari Terek muna December. It spawns iri munzizi pamwe Mangondo nokutsanya ruchiyerera, matombo pasi, zvinotora nzvimbo usiku kana mumadekwana. mazai aro kwazvo duku.

mamiriro vaShemaa

Hove shamayka aizivikanwa vakawanda ayo pakubika uye nounyoro nyama. Pasina kuderera mubvunzo kuti chimwe chezvinhu zvinokosha cyprinids, muna Persia hazvina tsaona inonzi namambo.

Zvinokosha isina kujeka imwe mhando, asi shemaya saka zvikuru kupfuura repakutanga. kazhinji chinosvika kureba masendimita 30 uye anoyera 800 magiramu. Fish chikero uye ane elongated muviri diki. Mumagaro zenze ari seri dorsal zenze. Uyezve, murume shaya ezasi iri thickened pamusoro, uye rakapa pamberi pamusoro. Head uye shure muna hove achiaita dzakapfavirira yebhuruu tint, uye kurutivi pamwe mudumbu silvery chena; zvimbi zvishoma grayish dorsal uye caudal - muganhu blackish mutete, meso sirivha vane dema dot iri repamusoro hafu.

nzvimbo

Fish shamayka (mapikicha zvinogona kuonekwa munyaya ino) rinowanikwa chete nzizi ndezvaJehovha mudziyo wokushambidzira kuGungwa Azov, Black uye reCaspian Seas, apo ruchapinda haana kupinda mumwe nomumwe wavo, akasamukazve dzakakwirira. Uyezve, munguva ichangopfuura hove yakawanikwa yakawanda vari muGungwa Aral. Most kwayo anogara kuGungwa Azov uye reCaspian, apo inoomerera kumaodzanyemba mumhenderekedzo. Saka, chinobuda kweGungwa Azov chete muna Kuban, kuti Don iri apo neapo.

Shamayka - hove, izvo kweGungwa reCaspian kunyanya kugara mumuromo Terek, Kura nzizi uye Persian. MuGungwa Dema haisi nevakawanda, anouya vose zvakafanana muno Dniester, Bug uye Dnepr. Mune dzimwe nyika dzokuEurope inowanikwa chete Danube, apo ndeye isingawanzowanikwi mhando hove, kunyange zvazvo vamwe Bavarian madhamu payo kwakapararira.

Mararamiro

Her upenyu aisatombowanika zvachose. In nyika yedu, zviri anenge Anogara mugungwa, kunyange anouya rwizi chete kuti kuita kuti pave. Shamayka (hove), izvo anogara Bavaria, anoda mvura yakachena uye inotonhorera pasi mabwe. Iye anoda kutsanya kukwana saka asingadi kupinda Volga, uye kashoma rinogona kuwanikwa murwizi, nepo Chur, Kuban, Terek uye Persian nokukurumidza nzizi shemaya anogara yakawanda.

chikafu

shamayka hove chikafu pamusoro plankton, makonye, mazana nezvipembenene, crustaceans. Hove rinosvika dzepabonde pakunamata makore maviri hwake. Shemaya spawns mumvura inodziya. Panguva iyoyo zviri kukonzera kunoitika kunyanya usiku. It spawns iri shallows ane nokururamisira Fast-ruchiyerera, kunyanya munzvimbo ine hurungudo (matombo) pasi, uye ipapo muitiro anoenda gungwa.

Mushure memazuva 3-4 mazana kubuda mazai. The furaya iri rinenge gore iri zviri kukonzera nzizi, sezvo inokudziridza yakareba. Usatambe kure mugungwa yairema chete anenge mumwe giremu, apo rwunotanga kukura zvikuru anokurumidza akangwara uye. Pane kazhinji anodya crustaceans diki, zvipembenene mazana, juveniles, phytoplankton.

uchibata shamayki

Sezvineiwo, yemitambo giya nehove ichi chinokosha vanobatwa chete kumadokero kweGungwa reCaspian, inoshandiswa ichi kunyanya tsvimbo hove pasi. Kuti zviite kuti kumhara pamusoro, uye nekuita refu runodzinga, vabati vehove-amateurs vanoshandisa Kukosa pematanda, kana anotanga kuenda kuita kuti pave shamayka (hove). The Red Book panguva kunosanganisira maonero dziri pangozi yokutsakatika.

Scaffold uchishandisa 0,4 mm paukobvu, dzimwe nguva mukobvu sezvo kana hove rinoshandiswa zvikuru rinorema zvinhu, rairema anenge 100 magiramu. muromo waro hwakasungirirwa kuti chiredzo, zvino akatasva vatungamirire 2-3 Kureba vanenge 40 masendimita uye dhayamita edzinza 0.25 mm. The reCaspian sezvo ndyiro ainyanya kushandiswa shrimp. Most zvakanaka dzichiruma kunoitika kumavambo chitubu, kana shemaya pedyo nemhenderekedzo. Zvinofanira zvisinei kudzoswa kuti kuredza ichi hakubvumidzwi.