Summary - chii ichi? Shoko "pfupiso"

The semantics mashoko - chimwe chezvinhu zvinoshamisa nhengo mutauro wokuRussia. Dzimwe nguva pachena vanoshamwaridzana mashoko chaizvo zvakashandurwa, kana yaro yepakutanga zvinoreva zirokwazvo antonymous nhasi. Hongu, unofanira kuwedzera wako Mutauro unokura, asi haugoni kuzviita pasina kutsigira kukosha kwayo. Saka, chii chiri "Summary" uye mune akapoteredza zvaunogona kushandisa shoko?

Ozhegov

Ngatitange pamwe tsanangudzo akafuridzirwa Dictionary - Ozhegova. Sezvazvakanyorwamo, pfupiso - gwaro rine muviri chero mashoko. Shoko iroro rinogona kududzirwa sezvo mashoko nokupfupikisa mashoko aya chete. Akaumba munhu pazita kubva rechiito "kuti" razero Kuwedzerwa suffix.

Shoko iroro rinoshandiswa pavanoparidza rechiito "kuti" (kuronga pfupiso) uye "tora" (kutora mashoko). Kana pfupiso izvi operative, inoshuma mashoko kubva imwe marongerwo (kazhinji mapurisa kana mauto) pamusoro ezvinhu panguva ano nguva. Asi kakawanda muupenyu hwezuva nezuva asangana ibatanidzo "mushumo ekunze"

zvekushandisa dudziro

Mune imwe Mutauro pfupiso - a Statistical arayira, kuverengwa uye kuyananiswa Statistical Data zvinobva zvaakacherechedza. Summary anogona kunzi chero Statistical date muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano.

Ichi ndechimwe zvikuru zvekushandisa nezvesayenzi, asi panguva imwe chete riri neyakarurama pane kutsunga Ozhegova anoratidza zvinoreva shoko yakavanzika. Chero pfupiso uye kunofanira kuvakirwa chete pamusoro riitike data, uyezve, mashoko aya anofanira kupatsanurwa uye vakaungana. Chete iyi, vanogona vanoti musoro pfupiso.

The mitsara

Zvino funga zvinorehwa neshoko "pfupiso" iri chaiyo zvirevo. Somuenzaniso, duramazwi nevakawanda counterprospecting rokuti "pfupiso nokuongororwa." Kubatana uku zvinoreva chinhu operative gwaro (ndiko kuti, mashoko inopiwa chero departmental hurongwa), apo mune kurongwa zviri mashoko ari zvokuongorora mune imwe nguva. Ichi ndechimwe zvakazara anoratidza zvimwe zvivako kuti ave pfupiso zvinhu sezvazviri (kureva pasina mashoko kana kurekodha zvokusarudza, chete kupfuura akanaka kuratidzwa chii kuitika) uye kukwana (ruzivo zvinobva zvinyorwa havafaniri havo kuwedzera chero data, zvose zvinofanira kuva zviri pachena kubva iripo acho). Kazhinji, gwaro kwakadaro pamwe kuwedzera jira, iro rinoti vose rinokosha mashoko: nhamba dzemotokari wakaiswa, rwezuva kukurukurirana, uye zvichingodaro. Mukuwedzera, muna-vachipfura More ruzivo inowanika pamusoro ndiani mubasa zvokuongorora kushandisa munhu iyo nyaya kuti ave chapupu.

mushumo ekunze

Uye kana "mamiriro okunze pfupiso" kubata mutsara wokuti sei kunzwisisa zvachinoreva? Tose kuziva kuti ichi chinhu banal okunze, asi sei chinoitwa?

vanhu vashoma vanoziva kuti vari pakusikwa wokufembera rinobatanidzwa haisi chiteshi mumwe, kana kunyange vaviri. Kuti kufanotaura maitiro ekunze Somuenzaniso, muMoscow, humboo kubva London, Ankara nemamwe maguta Reykjavik, akapararira munyika yose, - matambudziko ratinoona fronts nemamwe kumatunhu okunze imwe nzvimbo refu chakazozikamwa. Mashoko wakanyorwa dzinoverengeka pazviteshi, inounganidzwa mune rimwe Database, vakaongorora uye vakaronga neimwe nzira, uye anoritsanangura rinowanika ichi ndicho Muchidimbu, iyo zvino kuzivisa paredhiyo, paterevhizheni uye mumapepanhau.

mumhanzi pfupiso

Sezvineiwo, mumimhanzi, rokuti "pfupiso" ane siyanei ukoshi. Pano kwakanyorwa, asi, anoita somunhu chidimbu shoko "mashoko". Nokufamba ichi chiito chakasiyana njanji kurekodha pamwe chete chimiro yaizivikanwa kwatiri mimhanzi njanji. Munhu aidaro, vanofanira nechokwadi kuti njanji haina kubviswa zvimwe, kuti pakanga pasina kupesana pakati kurira zvimwe zviridzwa, uye zvichingodaro - kune vazhinji evasingatombonamati rwokugadzira nyaya.

Zvichida izvi hakurevi zvakadaro rezvedzidzo sezvo gadziriro nezvembiri zvakaoma pamusoro pechimwe chinhu, asi chero zvakadaro hazvibviri funga izvozvo kudukupiswa.

How kunyora pfupiso

Takatodzidza kutaurwa kuti pfupiso - gwaro ine generalized ruzivo. Sezvo kazhinji vanhu ano kuti mishumo yakadaro? Ndizvozvo, muna Excel!

Tine tafura kuti rine mamwe mashoko. Somuenzaniso, kutengeswa chero zvinhu kwemwedzi inoverengeka. By kuronga tafura iyi, uise cursor muchitokisi wokutanga mbiru wokutanga uye kusarudza kubva "Insert -. Summary tafura" Inodonha-pasi Muterere ichapa chaiyo apo kuisa tafura itsva - nomusi iwoyo jira kana chitsva. Kana nzvimbo anosarudzwa, Chirongwa ichataura minda uye nzvimbo inogona vakaongorora, akavaisa yakakodzera nzvimbo, unogona kuwana mashoko muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano chimwe parameter.

Somuenzaniso, kana tiri anodhonzera "Goods" mumunda "Zita pemitsara" uye "Sales" mu "Zvinhu", tafura pfupiso tiratidze huwandu chichiwanikwa iri kutengeswa imwe chigadzirwa. Kureva "Mutumidze pemitsara" zvinoratidza kuti ndiye isu ichaongorora uye "tsika" - parameter chichaitika chii.

We generalize

Saka pfupiso - a muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano pamwe chete chero mashoko, zvisinei yezvakaita kwayakatangira. Ronga pfupiso anogona kuva muchimiro tafura, kupfuura chetsika, uye ari muchimiro machati uye calculators kuti zvakajeka, - kusarudzwa zviri pasi kwomushumo ichi kunobva zvachose anoda vanhu muzvikwata zvisina tsarukano date ichi. Nhasi pane akawandisa panorongwa, izvo pachavo tiite zvose kuongorora uye kupa mushumo akagadzirira akagadzirwa nezvazvo, saka vanhu chinhu mukugadzirwa nezvembiri zvinogona kushoma. kunanga izvi zvinokosha kwatiri kwete chete mumabhizimisi upenyu, asiwo mumhuri nyaya, saka regai kurerutsa kukosha mishumo uye, Chikurukuru, kukosha zvinoreva shoko, pasina kuziva unova kodzero kurishandisa ari kutaurwa hazvishandi.