System chikwata - chii ichi? Zvinoitwa mudziyo uye hurongwa chikwata kubatana

vanozvishandisa Vakawanda havanzwisisi sei kombiyuta zvakawanda akanzi mugadziriro chikwata. Pfungwa iyi yakaoma uye anovanza zvakawanda yose zvokushandisa, izvo dzichakurukurwa munyaya ino. Muverengi anodaidzwa kudzidza pamusoro kombiyuta mudziyo, zvinoitwa mano uye kubatanidza hurongwa chikwata.

generalized pfungwa

vanozvishandisa Vazhinji vanodavira kuti simbi kombiyuta mhosva uye hurongwa Unit, iro dzimba dzakasiyana-siyana zvinoriumba anokonzera vaita. pfungwa Izvi yakakanganiswa. Chokwadi nemamiriro chinogumbura ndiyo ichocho sezvo processor, ndangariro kana kadhi. izvi Zvese kombiyuta kuti zvinodiwa kuti chero user.

Shoko rokuti "Gadziriro chikwata" zvaari kuvanza zvakawanda - kuva yenhengo chokuita nemumwe uye nechokwadi akatsiga nokushanda uchishandisa hurongwa, zvirongwa uye mitambo. Uye zvose izvi mano chinhu chose uye kwakakwana, zvigadzirwa mutengesi. Zvichava nyore kutaura kuti hurongwa chikwata - pachedu kombiyuta pasina tarisisa, kiibhodhi nezvimwe peripherals.

Form Factor

Size nderei chakaita kutenga chero kombiyuta. Naizvozvo, muverengi anodaidzwa kutanga kudzidza uye fomu chinhu. Vakaungana maitiro anokwana zviyero, kunyanya zvakasiyana kukura, uye, naizvozvovo, vane generalized zita uye yayo kupatsanura.

1. Personal kombiyuta. Avanoziva zvose vanoshandisa simbi bhokisi anogona kuva akasiyana hukuru uye zvitarisiko. Saka, zvinoriumba zvose vanosarudzwa mumwe nomumwe nomumwe nechepamberi.
2. Mobile kombiyuta. Laptop, piritsi, smartphone - zvose hurongwa zviyero, chete kuderedzwa kakawanda.
3. Narrow-danda michina. Servers, pamusoro-bhodhi makombiyuta, zviteshi uye dzimwe kushandiswa kadambari midziyo yemagetsi achawira muchikwata ichi.

A kwakajairika pachako kombiyuta

On kombiyuta kumusika chero mutengi dzose kusarudza: kutenga vakaungana hurongwa zviumbu kungava yakazvimirira akagadzirwa zvikamu, kufunga mutengo uye mabasa papuratifomu. Kazhinji, vanoishandisa vanosarudza nguva dzose kusarudza wechipiri, nekuti rugwaro rwakanyorwa nemaoko gungano isingadhuri. Uye mabhizimisi negoho pachikuva mamiriro ezvinhu ari nani zvikuru. Heano waingova vatengi vari nguva dzose akafuratira mumwe chokuratidza kukosha - the kugarisana of Hardware.

Chimwe chinhu - inounganidzwa mu Pakuurayiwa zvebhizimisi gadziriro yose Unit (HP, Intel, kana kunyange vamwe chaizvo rinozivikanwa muchiso). In fekitari, mainjiniya kwete chete sarudza kwazvo inowirirana zvinoriumba, uye akaita nekuongororwa kombiyuta mabasa, kubudirira kutonhora ino, tsanangudzo mhosva achishivirira panguva kunonyanyisa zvinorema.

Market Desktop

Chero dzakagadzirirwa chitoro anogona mutengi achawana kuti makombiyuta zvose vane mavara akasiyana kwete chete, asiwo nevamwe kubva mumwe zvitarisiko uye hukuru. Saka, mutambo hurongwa kutigumbura tarisa zvikuru hombe (kunoda vakadzikama kutonhora) uye hofisi shure hurongwa Kusiyana neizvi, zvimwe chiine kuponesa nzvimbo pamusoro pakombiyuta. makombiyuta All, uye ukuwo, uye avo nenhumbi, dzinoiswa maererano muchimiro chinhu: ATX, miniATX, microATX, zvihwitsi mazariro uye chirwere.

Saka, mumwe nomumwe mhando ezvinhu chikwata ine pokugara kwayo, mumwe motherboard, mumwe Graphics kadhi uye kuwedzera chimwe. zvimwe zvose zvikamu (CPU, ndangariro, dzakaoma Zvifambiso) vari waifarirwa anogona kuiswa chero kombiyuta. Form Factor - ndicho chikuru hunhu ezvinhu Unit, iro anosarudza njodzi pachikuva uye chinangwa chayo.

vakasarudzwa zvakakodzera yenhengo

Chinotevera ndechokuti kusarudzwa remangwana muridzi enderana kombiyuta nenhumbi. Zvakakosha kutsanangura pachikuva, anopa kupfuura - AMD kana Intel mugadziri. Agamuchira mhinduro yomubvunzo uyu, unofanira kusarudza nechigadziko motherboard, izvo achava runoenzanirana puranga saizi. Hezvino zvimwe nuances. Somuenzaniso, imwe duku microATX motherboard pasina zvinetso zvinogona kuiswa mune huru yakakomberedzwa ATX PC nyaya, asi nekusiyana kuti inodzidzisa hazvishandi.

Tevera matanho zvinoda mutengi yokuziva processor, RAM uye mavhidhiyo adapteri. Pano Nyanzvi vanokurudzira kupa kupfuura pakati nepakati hurongwa. Uchisarudza nemotokari zvakaoma, Manyiminya ngarurege nezvimwe zvikamu zvinoenderana kuenda pakombiyuta. Nokuti zvokutambisa nani kutora kukurumidza uye anodhura SSD-nemotokari uye kuti hofisi uye Multimedia kungava kuti rinobva dhisiki huru kukwanisa. Zvakaratidza kuti hurongwa chikwata - ndicho zvatinosiita constructor, izvo unogona kuunganidza sezvo uchida, chete kuziva chii chinofanira kuitika somugumisiro.

inotakurika hurongwa

Kushoma platforms kumba uye hofisi kushandisa zviri nani pasi tsanangudzo "monoblock". Kakawanda vari tichienzanisa ine tablet kana piritsi. The ndechokuti chero akagadzawo zvinoumba mukati kombiyuta, nokuda duku kukura yakakomberedzwa pakati functionality dzavo shoma chaizvo (kana hunofananidzwa kwakajairika PC). Zvisinei, maererano Kushanda yauinayo wavo anoti munhu User haamo. Get kanenge inotakurika gadziriro Intel Unit une simba kupfuura CPU munyika Core I7.

The drawback pamusoro Laptops ipfupi functionality. The mushandisi haagoni nekungwara kuwedzera itsva, yakakwirira-kuita zvinoriumba kana dzishandise chero kuwedzera nemakadhi. Hazvina kukamurwa uku uye anobvumira foni vagadziri kudzora akakodzera kumusika, nguva dzose kumanikidza vanoshandisa hunobudirira zvinodhura namano.

Zvikuru michina

vanowatengesa Vazhinji vanodavira kuti mutambo hurongwa zviumbu vaifanira anotaurwa muchikwata ezvitanda-zvokushandisa, nekuti unodhura uye Server dzinoongororwa nokuda chokuratidza kuti "yauinayo". Pasinei mutengo, mafeni vakawanda simba uye achirayira chikumbira vanoda kubhadhara mazana ezviuru rubles, chete kuti kuchikuva simba kupfuura munyika, rinogona kunyudza inodzidzisa ari rakapotsa chokwadi.

Zvisinei, michina kushandisa maitiro pamusoro HP Unit configured ave server akagadzirirwa kushanda Databases. Musiyano chikuru ndechokuti vapfuura kombiyuta kugadzira simba. Manufacturers dzakadaro maitiro zviumbu yakaiswa mukati chaiwo dzimba motherboards kuti dzinotsigira vakawanda processors. Uyewo kutsoropodza kuti Server ndiyo uwandu RAM uye zvakaoma Zvifambiso. Kutamba zvakadaro hurongwa kashoma munhu achakwanisa, nekuti kuchikuva hauna discrete Graphics kadhi, uye multi-mamiriyoni dhora vachikanganisa michina yakadaro haisi munhu anogona kutenga kubva kwomuzvarirwo vanoshandisa.

In mhedziso

Achiona kuti hurongwa chikwata - iri kunzwisisa chimedu pamwe penhindi kombiyuta, muverengi anogona chete kuziva sei kubatanidza uye kushandisa papuratifomu ichi mumba kana muhofisi zvakatipoteredza. Panguva iyi, zviri nyore chaizvo, nokuti zvose Vagadziri dzingaidza pamusoro vanoshandisa uye kupfeka chete mwero, izvo zvinoda akakodzera connectors nokuda nenhumbi dzose uye ruvara nyora.

Kuzarurwa Hurongwa nechigumbuso kwacho rwemberi mugove, muridzi kunotema kuti zviteshi zvose pamusoro motherboard vane zvitarisiko siyana, uye dzimwe zvinoriumba vakasiyana mumwe ruvara. Saka, rwehute kiibhodhi connector kuti akaiswa mukati runoenzanirana ruvara kombiyuta kuonana. Monitor uye mbeva zvinhu zvakakodzera ukuru zvengarava. Kunyange simba netambo achakwanisa kwete pinza zvakanaka, nokuti simba rinopiwa zvose vakavakira-mu grounding.