The ehupfumi zvokunyama vasiri simbi. Zvechadenga nezvenzvimbo periodic ino

All Pari anozivikanwa zvine maatomu akafanana zvine "imba" vanhuwo - periodic hurongwa. Zvisinei, ivo dziri ikoko sezvo zvakakodzera, uye nenzira yakaoma kuti, mumwe kutevedzana. Mumwe mukuru nzira iyo Classified zvose maatomu unhu.

The ehupfumi muviri asiri esimbi uye esimbi zvinhu Representatives - ndiyo hwaro hwakavakirwa kwete chete nokupesana kwavo mukati patafura, asi munda kushandiswa kwevanhu. Ngatitaurei kuzivana pedyo nevasiri nesimbi dzavo unhu.

Nezvenzvimbo periodic ino

Kana tikafunga hurongwa kwemakemikari zvinhu rose, zvinokwanisika kuti kuziva nzvimbo ezvinhu vasiri nesimbi sezvinotevera:

1. Yokumusoro rworudyi mukona.
2. Above zvimiso muganhu Tsanga yacho yaichekwa kubva Boron kusvikira astatine.
3. Root subgroups neboka IV-VIII.

Zviri pachena kuti kuverenga zviri pachena muduku kuti simbi. In kusanganiswa mazwi zviri pamusoro 25/85. Zvisinei, chokwadi ichi hazvirevi kutapudza kukosha kwavo uye kukosha. Panyaya iyi, iyo nzvimbo vasiri nesimbi mumuviri zvikuru zvakasiyana-siyana pane avo zvavo "vavengi."

Mhando nyore yeimwe pamusoro nonmetals

Dudzira Mapoka akawanda rakakura, izvo zvinosanganisira zvose anozivikanwa okunze ari mubvunzo. The ehupfumi zvokunyama nyore zvinhu - vasiri nesimbi - vanogona kuganhura muvira:

• chikukutu;
• gasi;
• mvura.

Muchiitiko ichi pane chinokosha boka zvinhu - yomuchinda magasi. Maererano zvachiri, havafaniri kuva chero akasarudzwa mhando.

gaseous vasiri simbi

zvizhinji zvakadaro. Izvi zvinosanganisira nyore zvinhu zvakadai:

• okisijeni;
• senitrogen;
• halogens chloro uye fluoro;
• rehydrogen;
• phosphorus chena;
• ozone.

Zvisinei, izvi zvinokwanisika kana tichienzanisa dzezvakatipoteredza parameters. The sekristaro yekamuri pamusoro vamiririri izvi - samolecular mhando kwemakemikari zvisungo zviri mamorekuru - covalent nonpolar. The ehupfumi vasiri nesimbi kuti boka iri mumuviri zvakafanana. Vane:

• compressibility;
• risingaperi chinzvimbo nokusanganisa pamwe;
• scalability;
• zadza rose Vhoriyamu mudziyo.

Pakati apa zvinhu zvinokuvadza miviri - chloro uye phosphorus chena. Zviri ngozi chaizvo, asphyxiating akakura. Nokudaro chloro - yero-uswa gasi, phosphorus - White, zvinobata moto mumhepo.

Okisijeni uye ozone - oxidants zvakanaka. Chokutanga - zvachose chezvinonhuwira mhepo inodiwa upenyu zvipenyu vakawanda. Second Chance akaumba pashure kuitwa magetsi discharges mheni mhepo yakachena. It ane inofadza kunhuwa yakanaka.

emura vasiri simbi

The ehupfumi vasiri nesimbi kuti boka iri chaiko inogona kurondedzerwa nokupa tsananguro yamarudzi mumwe chete - bromine. Mangoti imvura panguva dzekudya ezvinhu vamiririri zvose boka iri zvinhu.

Hazvina shava mvura, zvikuru rinorema, inova simba muchetura. Kunyange peya bromine kunogona kukonzera yakaoma, kwete kwenguva refu nguva kuporesa maronda mumaoko. Munhuwi zvakaipa kwazvo kuti ichocho uye zita (rakashandurwa bromos - kunhuwa) ayo.

In zvavo makemikari maitiro Bromo imwe oxidizer kuti simbi uye kuderedza mumiririri kuti nonmetals nesimba kumupfuura.

Pasinei izvi features, bromine ions vanofanira kuvapo ari mumuviri womunhu. Pasina izvozvo, pane zvirwere chokuita hormone zvirwere.

vamiririri chikukutu

By mano zvinhu muchikwata ichi zvinosanganisira vakawanda vasiri simbi. Ivo:

• Boron;
• All allotropic dikidiki kabhoni;
• tsvuku uye dema phosphorus;
• sarufa;
• nesilicon;
• Arsenic;
• mumwe gaba okunatsiridza.

Vose vane ane mabhomba crystalline yekamuri omei, asi pfava fuma. Black phosphorus - zara mafuta kuti kubatwa pakaoma kongiri. Red chete - a namatidza.

Chakaomesesa zvose zvinhu akasarudzwa nedhaimani - kabhoni marudzi. Mumuviri makemikari zvivako zviri boka iri vasiri nesimbi vakasiyana chaizvo, kubva patafura vamwe vavo dziri kure nomumwe. Nokudaro, ukuru oxidation hwakaratidza reactivity, hunhu kwokubatana - vose nhamba idzi siyana.

An dzinonakidza asiri simbi iri yakasimba mamiriro ndiyo ayodhini. crystals Its kuvaima panguva akachekwa, nokudaro vachiratidza kufanana ne simbi. Izvi hazvishamisi, nokuti iri rinenge riri pamuganhu navo. Uyewo ine pfuma iyi inokosha panyaya - sublimation. Kana neshungu iodo zvinoenda gaseous mamiriro, pavaigona kutora chikepe chaienda nemvura. vapor ayo rakajeka yepepuru, nomuti ruvara.

The ehupfumi zvokunyama vasiri simbi: Table

Kuti zvive nyore kuziva chii chinoumba vasiri nesimbi, zviri nani kuti tafura pfupiso kuvaka. It acharatidza ndedzipi mukuru ehupfumi zvokunyama vasiri nesimbi, uye munzira dzipi zvinosiyana.

Zviri pachena kuti nzvimbo vasiri nesimbi mumuviri zvapararira kusiyana pane kufanana. Kana simbi unhu akawanda kuti raizokundwa pasi mumwe nomumwe wavo, isu zvino akakurukura zvinhu hazvibviri.