The Kusunungurwa kwevakadzi: kwakatangira, budiriro uye kufungisisa zviri pamurairo

Pfungwa nekodzero dzevanhu kare chokuita zvepabonde simba, uyo achiedza kuzadzisa kuenzana ari yakatarwa kodzero uye pakumanikidzwa emakore apfuura akawanda ane shungu hondo zvese. Izwi yakatanga kuva counterweight Mancipatio, iyo nevaRoma rinonzi tsika kumanikidzira mitoro zvinhu kana kwokuchinja tenzi, kana kuita zvimwe zviito. Kusunungurwa aireva kusunungurwa mwana kubva mubereki vachatitaka "paterfamilias" uye achiita kuti rusununguko kuri mune nhengo vakura munzanga.

The Kusunungurwa hwevakadzi sezvo rezvematongerwo enyika uye magariro sangano dzakatangira pamusoro penyika nevanhu kuguma XVIII remakore, mafungu, hasha kana French Revolution pakati akawanda ushingiwo dzinoitwa akapa upenyu uye kupfungwa evakadzi. United nokuti kupfuura basa vamiririri pamusoro uye pakati akaturikidzana munzanga; vakanga vakangwara uye vakadzidza vakadzi, akazaruka kunyika pachena zvakaipa chechikadzi asymmetry.

Huru kukunda kuti anenge vakakwanisa kukunda nenzira yake Kusunungurwa navakadzi - nemasimba of political akanaka pabonde kodzero: kutanga, zvaiva chete basa suffrage (kodzero dzokuvhota musarudzo), rinotevera Danho kwainzi kodzero yakaenzana varume nevakadzi kuti akasarudzwa senhengo Parliament , tichapa mukana rokubata hofisi paruzhinji.

Zvinokoshawo ndezvokuti rusununguko kuti akapa simba pabonde Kusunungurwa vakadzi, ndeinotevera: Kuzivikanwa wemadzimai kodzero pachangu, kodzero yokushanda uye mari vakaenzana nevarume.

Recently kwave nepfungwa, mukuwedzera kune izvozvo zvakaipa, zvakadai sokutadza upenyu anotarisirwa, munhukadzi udhakwa uye kuwedzera nhamba kurambana, vanhu Kusunungurwa vakadzi kunotungamirira zvishoma nezvishoma Kushatiswa yevanhu genotype uye kuderedza uwandu vemo. Vatsigiri rwokufamba ichi vanoti kuti kuzvimirira uye kuzvipira zvakakwana, kuti vakadzidza zvikuru, vakadzi vakangwara uye akabudirira zvikuru hapana kukurumidza kutanga mhuri uye vane vana, kuedza kusvika kumusoro wake basa. Somugumisiro, vazhinji vavo uye akaita kuramba amai - nokuzvisarudzira kana nokuda hwava nemakore zvoutano. Somugumisiro, majini dziva iri kurasikirwa soro pfungwa mukana, uye vagari kunoderedza.

zvinoreva zvakasiyana anowana nekodzero dzevanhu mu mutemo wehurumende, ane zvakawanda zvakafanana ane kuverenga Roman. Pfungwa iyi anonzi kuzviwanira ruzhinji nedostigshim kwakakwana akagadzirwa mugari kodzero kuyaruka.

MuRussia, wepamutemo chiito Kusunungurwa zvinogoneka pachinhu vanhu nemakore 16 vari mubasa kuzvidzora basa (pamwe nevabereki matenderana) kana rimwe basa kuti akabudisa chisarudzo kuitarisira. In pasina mvumo rimwe vabereki mutemo unoti dare muitiro. Sezvo zvizere zvemutemo vanokwanisa pahwaro dare zvisarudzo vave vagari pamusoro makore 16 vakaroorana uye vakapa mwana. Izvi zvakare nekodzero dzevanhu. Civil Mutemo Russia akagamuchira Institute "chipo" kubva nedanho capitalization wekambani.