Theater keteni. Equipment umhare yemitambo kuitika

Uyo chave yemitambo, anoyeuka kuti keteni yemitambo chinhu chinokosha mukati uye pachikuva magadzirirwo. Izvi chizenga ari kuwana zvinokosha kuchinja kukura unyanzvi pfungwa uye Kushanduka chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo art. Uye nhasi, mamiriro ezvinhu keteni - chiri nhindi jira pamusoro rwonzi, magadzirirwo wakaoma siyana zvinhu uye mabasa.

nyaya

Yokutanga keteni Danho rakashandiswa kunyange yemitambo Ancient Greece. Iye zvakareva mavambo uye kuguma zvinoshamisa chiito. Keteni sezvo wakaoma yagadzirwa munenge muzana remakore rechi17, apo kufambira mberi kwakanga kukura chinhu chinoshamisa chepanzvimbo chinosiririsa. Panguva iyoyo, kwaiva kutamira girl, zvakawanda nezvayo rwakabhadharwa kuna kugadzirwa vagadziri kuisa design, uye chidzitiro harisi chete waishandiswa chinhu yekupindurwa mifananidzo, asi zvikuru kuratidza kuita.

Muzana remakore rechi18 pachikuva design, uye chidzitiro vakatanga kuridza chinhu chinokosha KuMasiye. Dzimwe nguva chaizvo basa. Pakatanga-the-bhokisi keteni Danho awana nezvaanoreva itsva uye rava chinhu chakakosha yokuvira.

In rechi20 scenographers remakore mberi kusimbisa dzinonetsa kukosha ichi chinhu pachikuva kushongedzwa. Vakava rutivi chirongwa, iyo zvikuru kugadzirira nokuda mutambo maketeni. Somuenzaniso, nokuti pagadzirwe Lermontov kuti "anoedzesera" panguva Mariinsky Theater anozivikanwa theatre Artist Golovin akaita 10 machira nechimwe shanduko mifananidzo.

sarudzo

Danho rokutanga anoita keteni noruzhowa kushanda meso vanoiona '. Iye haaoni marongerwo uye zvayainge zvinoitwa pamberi anovhara pachiitiko nenguva kuchinja nzvimbo yokugara. Asi, mukuwedzera, pane keteni uye aesthetic nezvinangwa. Kutanga, zvinoratidza pakutanga mharidzo. Kuziviswa chidzitiro anotora Fafitera munyika yose zvokufungidzira, mune iyoyo, iye mimhanzi yaunonyanya muna kuitika magungano uye munhandare yemitambo fungidziro. Chechipiri, chidzitiro zvinogona kushandiswa sechikamu sekurukurirano uri nzvimbo, uye kunyange somunhu yoga hunhu. Somuenzaniso, mu "Hamlet" panguva Taganka Theater, airidza basa Time, Destiny, Rock, etc.

Keteni chimwezve achishandisa kutaura Somuenzaniso? chiedza draperies kana maketeni stylized anogona kusika fungidziro womumwe nzvimbo kana musha. Kunyange kusavapo kwayo angava nechokwadi nemitemo zvinoyevedza - dzimwe dzemitambo ano vanozviramba. Ndiwo sei mwana K. Raikin "Satyricon."

Midziyo uye midziyo

Theater Chiitiko chete kubva paiitirwa kutarisa zvikuru uye kunyange rudo. Kunyange kana munhu kweketeni nokugadzirwa ndiwo hwakanaka kunzwisisa mashandiro, izvo pakupedzisira zvakasimba modernized. Kuti vave nechokwadi kumeso, mawa uye yunifomu misha uye keteni razdvizheniya anoshandisa imwe nemotokari hurongwa. Pakutanga aishanda paruoko-wakavhomorwa, ipapo - pamusoro yemagetsi, asi nhasi hunodzorwa kudzora kombiyuta.

Nokusimudza nokuburuka mashandiro chendangariro dzakafanana kufambira rinorema kwazvo kuvakwa. Kuti divi migove havatsauswi, ivo batanidza inorema njanji. The kupfuura kuoma zvakagadzirwa anopa uye zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope kufamba uye anosimudza. vanonzi mugwagwa inovakwa kushanda neketeni. Kune akasiyana siyana nawo: Linear, nonlinear, uye tambo. Nhasi, chidzitiro sangano rinoshandisa yakaoma njanji mugadziriro, izvo raitungamirwa kure kuzvidzora.

typology

Kuita mabasa akawanda, keteni rinogona mhando dzakasiyana. Pane classifications akawanda maererano nzira kuburitsa, mashandiro mutambo, nokuti nhoroondo draping nzira. Unogonawo sarudza mhando maketeni maererano muitiro kuzvidzora uye traction masimba, kana ichi kwaireva manual, zvemaziso, zvemagetsi uye zvemagetsi michina.

Pane kuedza patsanura chikuva draping mashoko kubva yavakanga vaita. Saka oga, vherevheti nomucheka maketeni. Zvisinei, nokupesana kwakadaro untenable nokuti keteni - a multi-rukoko mamiriro iyo unotora yokunze rukoko uye yomukati, mumvuri, mumwe shilsya kubva munyama siyana.

Species maererano nzira kuburitsa

Mune njanji mira kubva mhando dzakadai yemitambo maketeni, sezvo zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope uye anosimudza uye downcomers.

The mashandiro ari zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope chigadzirwa vanofanira kupa nhau zvakakwana zvaitaurwa maziso vateereri, zviri anosimudzirwa rinokosha akaitwa ane munhuwi kukuru - vachidanidzirana kanivhasi kune mumwe. Mashizha vari akatasva siyana njanji uye kuswedera pedyo mumwe seti. Uyewo, kuti zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope mashandiro anofanira nechokwadi synchronous inofamba mifananidzo. Inobva chete nemotokari hurongwa.

Mumwe theatre zviziviswe iyo - ndiwo mwoyo wake, atarisire keteni pakutyaira mashandiro hwagara vakashanda flawlessly nokukurumidza, zvakanaka, synchronously uye chinyararire. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti pane zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope keteni ane huru kuratidza zvinogona pane kuenda pasi. Nhindi, kufamba mutinhimira dzinoratidzwa kukwanisa zvinoparadzira manzwiro. Saka kudada keteni Bolshoi Theater, Danho guru iri yakashongedzwa ane zvikuru zvishoma nezvishoma mumatope kanivhasi muchimiro chirukwa.

Waigona uye downcomer zvigadziriswe - the kwaita kupfuura yekare. Kunyange kare wechiGiriki yemitambo yaiva wejira akawira pamberi anoratidza rinokosha slots uye vakakwira kubva nayo pakuguma chinoshamisa. richikwidibira mashandiro kunobva kwegadziriro zviyero, kubva swinging chipande inodzivirira chaiyo vatungamiriri kumativi.

Kunewo aibatanidza maketeni, iro rinobatanidza zvaiva chinjikira chiwedzerwa uye wehunyambiri vachisimudza richikwidibira. Dzinomirira kufadza kunzwisisa mamiriro.

Uyezve, zvinoita here kusangana uye rinopeta maketeni, umo web kuumbwa rimwe, vaviri, vatatu kana vana kuwedzererwa. mhando kwakadaro kubvumira kuvhara chete pamusoro hafu kwechikuva nzvimbo uye zvakawanda kushongedzwa.

Chinhu chinokosha pamusoro kuita

keteni Mikana akashandiswa pakusikwa kutamba, uye pamusoro maererano ichi, vari akakamurwa mukubhejera uye kuva. Kuva keteni yemitambo inzira partitioning pazvakaringana nezvaakaona pamberi ratanga nomumwe chiito, uye kupedza mutambo. mhando ava chikamu zvachose kugadzira pachikuva. Game mienzaniso akasika uchikumbira mamwe mabasa, uye vari nhengo yakatarwa kugadzirwa. Vanogona kuva chikamu chenyaya hombe kushongedzwa, kutamba basa yakajeka Overture, pakugadzirisa pa razero kwechikuva. Game namachira akagadzirirwa kusika rinokosha kuitika kutamba, uye nokubatanidza navo wokugadzira uye Genre.

chiedza keteni

Pane chaiyo mhando, izvo zvinosikwa nechiedza. Modern theatre midziyo inogona kutsiva chiedza kubva Spotlights mhaka, iyo achaita mashandiro keteni. Nheyo basa rayo kunoratidzwa okuvhenekesa pamusoro nezvimedu chakarembera mumhepo. Pane nzira mbiri kuti kusika keteni yakadai: chinjikira uye murwere. Muchiitiko chokutanga, chiedza projectors mitsetse rinotungamirirwa yakatambarara akananga mumwe. Kuti ave nechokwadi kufanana pechidzitiro chinowanzoonekwa anotsigirwa matema vherevheti colour zvatinoona. nzira yechipiri kuderedza akananga chiedza fluxes ari pakakoromoka pamberi pechikuva panguva pasirin'i ari munhandare, iyo yabuda pamwe dema vherevheti. Keteni chiedza zvakakwana nokuzadzikisa kushanda bindepinde zvaitaurwa anoratidzika dzevateereri, uye unoitawo basa rinokosha anotaurisa nzira, iyo kana akadzokorora kakawanda chete runogonesa zvainoita.

nhoroondo marudzi

Panewo nzira dzakawanda kuti maketeni, makagamuchira zita chokuremekedza dzemitambo umo vari kushandiswa. Saka, pane yeAustria womuenzaniso, inova kereke siyana nezvirugu zvamakwai guru, otora kanivhasi. A zvakafanana ane Venetian siyana, izvozvo chete mberi yakashongedzwa tote pleats. Keteni, inonzi "Italian", zvakajairika kwazvo dzekare yemitambo. Inoitwa vaviri kutwasuka Matandira, izvo nokuti dzakaderera pamakona simuka kumusoro. Zvinotevera mhando kuvapowo: kabuki, Punchinello, namachira Wagner uye Brecht.

kunyoresa

Mukuwedzera STRUCTURAL kusiyana machira, Chokwadi, vangava chaiyo chakagadzirwa. Zviri pachena, chikuva magadzirirwo anofanira pamwe richienda yemitambo, uyewo zvakakodzera kuti chinoshamisa airidza. Kazhinji vatungamiriri kusika anokosha machira kuti nezvinobvamo dzavo, mukuwedzera, dzemitambo akakurumbira kazhinji dzakasiyana machira yavo kuti vave kuzivikanwa kwavo. Nokudaro, Bolshoi Theater, mudariro guru riri yakashongedzwa historiallinen "yendarama" keteni, akapedza yakawanda manpower uye zvinhu kuti kudzorerwa uku yakakurumbira chigadzirwa. Panguva Mariinsky Theater keteni Golovin muna 1914 anonzi mukuru chiratidzo. Kungofanana chidzitiro Arts Theater, vakasikwa akagadzira uye kuvaka omukati F. Schechtel.