Tochi hweHIV. Tochi Zvirwere panguva yepamuviri. Tochi Zvirwere: decoding zvabuda

vaviri About matatu muzana vachiberekwa fetus anomalies zvawanikwa perinatal chirwere. Vazhinji vavo vari chikuru mukana wokutapukirwa panguva yepamuviri uye idzokororo herpes anogona vangangokukuvadza muitiro yokusununguka kana postpartum nguva. Tochi (tochi) - zviri ive Acronym, intrauterine zvirwere, kukudziridza rakajairika uye vanomirira njodzi huru azvarwa.

Tochi Zvirwere panguva yepamuviri. achiongorora zvaive abbreviations

• T - ndiko toxoplasmosis (toxoplasmosis).
• O - dzimwe zvirwere (vamwe), izvo chinorehwa kuzvimba chiropa hepatitis B uye C, chlamydia, listeriosis, njovhera, gonococcal utachiona, uye parvovirus. Uyewo achangobva vaisanganisa ne pasi chibhokisi, HIV, enterovirus hweHIV.
• R - ndiko rubella (rubella).
• C - CMV (cytomegalovirus).
• H - iri herpes (herpes).

Zvadaro pane shanduro iyi kuti zhenje zvirwere panguva yepamuviri anosanganisira chete mana pamusoro zvirwere, uye tsamba "O" iri Acronym inomirira pasina vamwe, asi kungoti zvinhu sezvo tsamba yechipiri mushoko toxoplasmosis.

Kushandisa izwi

Apo tinoziva, munhu anogona rova rubella, cytomegalovirus, toxoplasmosis, herpes hweHIV. Tochi - izwi harishandiswi kuvanhu vose, asi chete pachinhu pakugadzirira pamuviri nevakadzi vane pamuviri, fetus uye achangozvarwa. Kazhinji, musangano wokutanga pamwe nezvirwere dziri kuitika pauduku kana kuyaruka. Pashure chikuru chirwere unobereka masoja kudzivirirwa. Kana utachiona vakadzi kokutanga zvakaitika munguva pamuviri, fetus zvomukati uye hurongwa (kunyanya nechepakati tsinga) angava nezvakwakaipira zvazvinoita, izvo anowedzera ngozi yokubva pamuviri yakakura, vachiberekwa malformations, abereka vana vakafa kakawanda, malformations.

Kana mukadzi ane mimba ane zhenje kunzwisisa chirwere muropa pakutanga kutenderedza utachiona anogona kupinda muviri wemwana. Kana izvi zvaitika kakawanda kuti kugumisa pamuviri. Mamiriro rakaoma nokuti kakawanda hamuna pathological zviratidzo, uye dambudziko iri kuona chete kana kuongorora chiri kuitwa zhenje utachiona.

SERVICING iri

Kuti tidzivise matambudziko ramangwana, Zvinokurudzirwa pamberi pamuviri kana rokutanga trimester kuti aongororwe kuti azive kana iwe watova chikuru chirwere zvirwere tochi-yakaoma kana kwete. Kana zvakanga, unogona kufema nyore: hakuna ngozi. Kana kwete, tinofanira kutarisira pachavo utano hwavo uye kuti ubate akatevedzana matanho. Somuenzaniso, nyaya toxoplasmosis, zvakafanira kuchengeta zvimwe mitemo kuti kuderedza chirwere; pakati rubella - vanogona kuisa kubaya, etc. Uyewo, panguva yepamuviri vanofanira kugara richiona pamusoro utano mamiriro pamusoro chirwere, kuti hamuna unodzivirira mitumbi munguva kuziva dambudziko, kana kamwe kuoneka ... Vakadzi vazhinji dzinofarira sei kuongorora pamusoro tochi zvirwere. Price nzwisisika chirwere zvichisiyana zviviri zviuru zvishanu rubles.

tsvakurudzo rabhoritari

Sezvambotaurwa, pashure chirwere kunowanzokonzera hapana zvekuchipatara kuratidzwa. Vamwe Zvisinei yakawedzera node nodes, fivha, mapundu,, uye zviratidzo izvi non-zvakananga, saka chirwere chete pachishandiswa kutarisana rokuongorora hazvibviri.

Laboratory kuongorora musi tochi zvirwere ndiko kuziva wevasungwa (titer) neropa antibodies kuti utachiona rubella, herpes, toxoplasmosis uye cytomegalovirus. Kana antibodies varipo, zvinoreva kuti mukadzi anenge kare vakatambura chirwere ichi uye ane kutapata pariri. Asi kana antibody titer chaizvo kana kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma, saka muitiro rinoshanda chero nguva. Kana antibody hazvina kunyanya mangwanani kufara zvachose. Pane nguva ngozi inoramba anorwara panguva yepamuviri.

Nenzira, kwokuomerwa zviratidzo haina chokuita padanho nezvengozi microbial migumisiro pamusoro azvarwa. Somuenzaniso, vakanyorwa zviitiko zvakawanda apo vakadzi vaiva kuratidzwa zvakajeka chirwere, asi vana vaiva noutano ndiEzekieri, kana murwere haana kuchengetwa chero nezviratidzo, uye zvibereko vanga anosakadza.

bvunzo ropa

mhuka yose vane shanu homologous immunoglobulin makirasi, kureva, vakanga yakaumbwa pamberi pakava nekupesana pakati mammalian kwemarudzi. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti vanoda antibodies kupona. Immunoglobulins - dzinokosha mapuroteni anobudiswa kana muviri inowanikwa pamwe chero pathological mumiririri. The antibodies dzakananga, zvichireva kuti chete kukanganisa chaizvo pomutumwa. Kunatsiridza kuti specificity, ivo mazita ose immunoglobulins (IG) inowedzerwa zita Muvambi, kuzorwa nawo vanoita.

Saka, pane mapoka mashanu antibody: IgM, IgG, IgA, IgD, IgE. The nhatu dzokutanga zvinokosha. Murabhoritari chidzidzo tochi chirwere decoding zvabuda kwakavakirwa kuita zvidzidzo zviviri immunoglobulins: IgG, uye IgM. At mumatanho akasiyana-siyana masoja mhinduro rinooneka antibodies siyana. Ivo varipo muropa panguva dzakasiyana, vachibvumira nyanzvi, pashure pokuongorora mashoko pamusoro kuongorora tochi-zvirwere, kuti tizive nguva chirwere, kufanotaura nengozi uye nemazvo basa kurapwa matanho.

The pamwero IgM uye IgG

Nguva pfupi pashure pakutanga pathological muitiro IgM yakawedzera, yepamusoro ivo kusvikire vhiki yokutanga-rechina (zvichienderana norudzi neutachiona), ipapo mishomanana ipfupi. Term IgM chipo mune zvinokosha mari mune zvimwe zvirwere zvinogona refu zvikuru. Uye ipapo anouya achitsigira kuongorora kuti IgG avidity nokuda nayo utachiona (nokuti zvakawanda nezvazvo inokurukurwa pazasi).

Kukurumidza kurova kushanyira IgM ropa runoita rokuongorora chirwere pakutanga. IgG kuonekwa Papera - vhiki rechitatu pashure chirwere; aenzane iri kukura zvishoma nezvishoma, asi ivo vanoramba muropa ichatoguma (dzimwe zvirwere kuramba kuti upenyu).

Polymerase cheni maitiro (PCR) uye enzayemu-kwakabatana immunosorbent munhu akaidza (Elisa)

PCR anogona kunyatsokurukura kuona tochi zvirwere. Decoding zvabuda Zvisinei, hapasi anopa mhinduro aivapo mibvunzo. Pachishandiswa ongororo dzakadai anogona kuvapo kana kusavapo DNA iri Muviri womunhu mumiririri uye kunyange kuona kwayo mhando, asi Somuenzaniso, kusiyanisa chakasimba kana kuchangobva noutachiona mutakuri utachiona vachakundikana. Nokuti kudzidza akashandisa ropa, weti, zvinoyerera kubva cervix kana nyinyo. Rakarurama zvabuda ndiyo 90-95 muzana. PCR nzira kuva wakanaka diagnosing asymptomatic uye chisingaperi zvirwere. Ndeupi kwese (uye inokosha kwazvo), izvozvo kunyange unokubvumira kuona zviduku chitsama nayo utachiona.

Elisa rinoshandiswa kana uchida kuwana kubva pane Danho chirwere rikurumidze. Elisa inobva kutsunga antibodies kune causative mutumwa chirwere. Mashoko chidzidzo vanoparadzaniswa kubva cervix, nyinyo, urethra.

Asi chakavimbika kupfuura zvabuda zviri kuwanikwa muedzo kune romoto noutachiona ropa. Pamusoro pazvo, ine antibody ropa serum. Zvichienderana nemashoko aya chiremba anogona kuita mhedziso kuti icho chimiro chirwere chinobata vakadzi (chakasimba kana chirwere), kunzwisisa kana chirwere rinoshanda kana anoita murwere - chete keriya tochi zvirwere. Panguva pamuviri ropa zvakafanira kuongorora simba, chete nzira vachakwanisa kuwana zvakarurama zvabuda. Kana antibody titer iri kukura nokukurumidza, saka pane ngozi.

matanho

zvakarurama chete chiremba anogona kududzira Analyses musi tochi zvirwere. Decryption kunoda vamwe ruzivo, uye iwe pachako kungasanyanya kukwanisa kunzwisisa chii chii. Kana zvakakodzera, nyanzvi Utare chimwezve kuzviongorora. Naiyewo proposes ane zano matanho. Vakadzi vane pamuviri vasina antibodies kune chaiyo chirwere, zvakakodzera panguva gestation mwana kubhadhara ngwariro chaiyo mararamiro utano, kutamira zvikuru kuva panze, tora mavhitaminzi kusimbisa zvirwere, zvakakwana uye zvakarurama kudya. Nokuti kudzivirira toxoplasmosis mberi vanofanira kuongorora zvaidiwa nemitemo utsanana, usagunzva nekatsi. Uyewo panguva yepamuviri vanofanira kupa ropa nezvemhiko tochi zvirwere kuti abate umo kana "gamha" navo uye uzviite. Mamwezve mashoko anotsanangura mugumisiro mumwe wakananga zvokurwara mumuviri.

toxoplasmosis

Ichi chirwere tochi yakaoma zvikuru chisingawanzoitika panguva yepamuviri. Kunyange zvazvo vakawanda chirwere kwakakurumbira chaizvo, maererano nokumwe kufungidzira, zvinokanganisawo 30 muzana vanhu vose munyika. The causative mumiririri anoita Toxoplasma - a chisvetasimba, inova huru hondo mudzimba katsi - mumuviri wake chisvetasimba Anowanza uye ndokusunungurwa kupinda kwokunze kwezvakatipoteredza. Kwevanorwara kuburikidza nyama (mbishi kana undercooked), maoko akasviba. Kana munhu aine kutapata zvakanaka, hazvina kubereka ngozi toxoplasmosis, zvinokwanisika kuti apore, kunyange pasina ndazviziva. vanonzi kuraswa chirwere ichi iyo yakabereka simba kutapata pashure yokutanga utachiona.

The chete mamiriro ezvinhu apo toxoplasmosis ndiyo ngozi - nayo chikuru chirwere panguva yepamuviri. Zvisinei, mukana kuti, sezvo kare ambotaurwa, ishoma. Maererano nenhamba, tochi ichi zvakaoma chirwere panguva kuitika pamuviri rinowanikwa muna muzana chete 1 wevakadzi. Kana chirwere yakaitika mwedzi anopfuura matanhatu pamuviri, fetus hakusi panjodzi. Uye kana chirwere zvakaitika gare gare, padanho ngozi kunobva chii chaicho padanho pamuviri muviri rakapinda Toxoplasma: nokukurumidza, zvikuru mukana kwazvo migumisiro chirwere ari mudumbu, asi rezasi mukana kuti chirwere ichi chinoitika zvose.

HweHIV rokutanga gumi vhiki anonzi kupfuura ngozi. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, toxoplasmosis kazhinji rinobatanidza kukura hwomwana chakakomba ziso kukuvara, chirwatata, chiropa, tsinga, dzimwe nguva zvichiita rufu azvarwa. Naizvozvo, vanachiremba kazhinji vanokurudzira chakagadzirwa kugumiswa pamuviri. Izvi kamwe zvakare anosimbisa kudiwa kunyange vasati pakurongwa aedzwe kuti tochi-chirwere. Zvinobuda acharatidza kana zvichibvira kuti pamuviri iye zvino kana amirire kwemwedzi mitanhatu.

rubella

chirwere ichi nemavhairasi Kazhinji kuburikidza nemate, chinoratidza panowanikwa mapundu pamusoro muviri uye kuwedzera kupisa. Sezvo kutonga, zvokurwara riri munyoro uye hakukuvadzi, ipapo muviri unobereka masoja kuzvidzivirira, uye chirwere yechipiri kare haagoni kuva kutya. Chimwe chinhu, kana utachiona kunoitika panguva yepamuviri. All zhenje noutachiona vana kungaita kuti pave nenyonganyonga, asi rubella chete zvinouraya. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa zvinokanganisawo maziso, mwoyo, huta zvinyama ari mudumbu. HweHIV rokutanga trimester - Mhedziso chiratidzo nokuda kugumiswa pamuviri, kana nfitsirovanie zvakaitika gare gare, kutyisidzira kuupenyu yomwana, sezvo mutemo, kwete, asi ane zvakasiyana siyana zvinetso kuonekwe, kusanganisira kunonoka kukura uye kukura. Zvino zvakafanira kuti tiite rokudzorera kurapa, kudzivirira placental insufficiency.

Sezvo dzimwe nguva ari kudzidza kuti antibodies kuti rubella yaifanira pachine, kunyange muitiro kuronga pamuviri. Kuvapo kana kusavapo ngozi kunogona kuonekwa kana achiongorora zvaive miedzo zvichazadziswa. Tochi zvirwere, kusanganisira rubella, chirwere haisi kuoma - zvose vanoratidza mwero immunoglobulins muropa. Panofanira kuva kuitisa kunzvera, kana mukadzi ari kwaaita munhu chirwere rubella. Kana vakaratidza zviratidzo rikwanise noutachiona, yaida kuita.

Kudzivirira chirwere ichi nemavhairasi haasi kushanda kudzivisa, saka chinhu chakanakisisa chaungaita kuti uzvidzivirire - kuti vanunure mushonga. Inofanira nhomba pamberi pamuviri. The mushonga zvinokosha kuti vaya vakadzi muropa kuti vasina antibodies kuti rubella. Current yokudzivirira nani kuitira kuti zvinopa anenge zana rimwe muzana zvinovimbisa kudzivirira uye akapotsa haambokonzeri nemigumisiro, kunze zvishomanana kuwedzera tembiricha uye akatsvuka panguva jekiseni nzvimbo. Yakabudiswa pashure kubaya kutapata kunotora anopfuura makore makumi maviri.

cytomegalovirus

Izvi zhenje chirwere vakadzi vane pamuviri kunoitika pamusoro hurongwa kakawanda kupfuura vamwe, asi vakawanda chirwere ichi rakaonekwa chete muzana remakore rechimakumi maviri. CMV iri kuburikidza neropa, pabonde hutachiwana, mukaka waamai. The mwero simba pamusoro womunhu muviri kunoenderana mamiriro kutapata, kana ari mutano, ngozi hosha iri zvachose, kana simba, utachiona hunogona kombera zvinenge zvose nhengo uye hurongwa. Asi vanhu vakawanda kutakura chirwere nyore. Yakabudiswa antibodies zvikaramba kuti upenyu, saka kunenge urwere kumbobvira kusashanda.

Asi kana mukuru utachiona kunoitika panguva pamuviri, migumisiro zvinogona nemafashamo. Mamiriro acho ezvinhu akabatanidza nemupristi pangozi intrauterine kutapurirana CMV kuti azvarwa. Zviya, fetus noutachiona kunogona kuitika kwete chete kubva mai, asi baba vake achiri nedanho pamuviri, nokuti urume varume uyewo awana mutyairi. Asi ichi zvinoitika kashoma, kazhinji chirwere kunoitika kana kuburikidza membranes kana kubudikidza placenta. Kunyange pakusununguka, panguva ndima kubudikidza nokuberekwa canal, utachiona kunobvira, kunyange zvazvo pfungwa iri shoma ngozi mwana. Asi intrauterine chirwere unogona kuva migumisiro: afe fetus, kana mwana anozvarwa aine vachiberekwa chakaremara, riri kana pakarepo pachena zvinhu zvakashata zvakadai semvura iri uropi, jaundice, rakawedzerwa chirwatata kana chiropa, underdevelopment uropi, zvirwere kwemoyo, mabayo, vachiberekwa malformations nezvimwewo, kana chinoita huzivikanwe chete pagore upenyu rechipiri-cheshanu. Mwana vangatambura nepfari, kusanzwa, tsandanyama simba, kunonoka mupfungwa nevakangwara kukura, palsy, kutaura chinovhiringidza. Saka, zviri kuziviswa chezvinhu tochi utachiona panguva pamuviri kunoratidza kuti ayo akatevedzana.

Kana mukadzi abatwa pamberi pamuviri uye panguva nevana chakaitika exacerbation kwechirwere chacho, zvakadai migumisiro yakaipisisa zvatsanangurwa pamusoro harimuki. Kana nzira iri kuongorora zvikaonekwa kuti hapana antibodies kune cytomegalovirus, kureva mukadzi asina atarisana chirwere ichi, panguva yepamuviri Zvinokurudzirwa kuti kutora nzvimbo iri pamwedzi hwaro pokuongorora itsva kuti kurasikirwa chokwadi chirwere, kana ani, vachava.

Kana chidzidzo ropa akawana kuti amai vanepamuviri anoita pusa mutakuri chirwere, zvichaita kuita mimwe kuita kuramba dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri mumugariro utano. Sezvambotaurwa, mashoko cytomegalovirus, "pa" mwana anogona anofanirawo vaedzwa kwete chete mai, asi baba, saka murume kuvapo antibodies.

herpes

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti herpes - hazvina kunyange chirwere, ndizvo boka nemavhairasi zvirwere. Utachiona wokutanga mhando unoratidzwa nenzira vainzi chando pamiromo, uye wechipiri - kazhinji kunokanganisa sikarudzi (anonziwo urogenital herpes). Utachiona iri kuburikidza mumhepo uye unzenza uyezve anogona ichipfuura placenta kubva amai azvarwa. Kana ukamhanya ezvinhu, herpes kungazviratidza kwete chete maronda ari mucous membranes uye ganda, asiwo kutyora zvomukati, maziso uye tsinga.

Kana utachiona ane utachiwana, sezvakaita vamwe zvirwere tochi yakaoma, muviri pokumuka antibodies kune pamwero mukuru kudzvinyirira mberi kunoita pamusoro pathological muitiro. Saka kazhinji herpes kunokonzera zviratidzo chete kana dziviriro yezvirwere mumuviri simba. Pamusoro chirwere panguva pamuviri ne antibodies chirwere ngaupfuure amai kusvika mudumbu, saka kakawanda hapana ngozi nokuda mwana. upenyu rinowanikwa mune chiitiko kuti panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa pamuviri (kana mwana asati aberekwa vari vakaisa zvose hurongwa uye nhengo) pane chikuru chirwere naamai. Pakadaro, ngozi kuti mudumbu achafa kana mwana vachapiwa vachiberekwa abnormalities kana deformities, katatu.

Kana yechipiri yezana pamuviri zvinoitika hweHIV urogenital herpes, yekudyidzana kunowedzera mukana wokuti mwana zvichabviswa vachiberekwa malformations akadai retinal zvokurwara, microcephaly, vachiberekwa nemavhairasi mabayo, mwoyo chirwere, palsy, upofu, tsviyo, kusanzwa. Ungazvidyawo kuona rokusamhanyira basa. Kana ari mudumbu ari utero haisi pasi utachiona, rinogona kuitika pakarepo pakuzvarwa, panguva ndima kubudikidza nokuberekwa Canal. Izvi zvinogoneka kana riri muitiro akatakura mwana ari mukadzi kwakawedzera yokubereka herpes uye rashes vakanga riri munzvimbo yomunyika nhengo dzokubereka nadzo uye cervix. Kazhinji, kana mwedzi asati vanonzi aberekwa padzakacherechedza ezvinhu akadaro, mukadzi kuita cesarean chikamu kurerutsa ngozi mwana wako tisava utachiwana.

The mhedziso pano kwakafanana zvapfuura zviitiko: vanofanira aongororwe pamberi pamuviri, asi ongororo anofanira kutora vaviri vakaroorana. Kuona chirwere chiremba taurira kurapwa, pashure pacho pachava zvinobvira kuva nepamuviri. Muchiitiko chino, iwe uchava nechokwadi chokuti utachiona hazvisi kunetsa iwe kana kuti mwana.

In mhedziso

Saka, tochi zvirwere vari mungozi huru, kana utachiona kunoitika panguva yepamuviri. Kudzivirira yaivhuvhuta zviitiko zvinogona nyore chaizvo: Unofanira kuziva pachine sei zvirwere uine antibodies, uye kune vamwe - kwete. Inobva zvabuda, chiremba achakuudza kana zvichibvira kuti pamuviri iye zvino kana amirire. Tanga kufudza utano mwana wavo ramangwana kunyange zvisati zvaitika aberekwa! All yakanakisisa!