Ushe kumanikidzira bhandeji uye tourniquet. Mirayiro pamusoro bintovyh dressings. Mirayiro nokugura kumanikidzwa bhandeji

rubatsiro wokutanga vanobatwa pamwe kukuvara, mitswe, sprains, kukuvara shwashwa, mavanga, kutsva uye dzimwe anova aitenge pasina nenguva uye nemazvo kushandisa chigamba. Zvechokwadi, nemhaka ligation kunodzivisa mamwe hweHIV ronda uye kumisa ropa zvaitika, Kuda kutamba pakati mitswe uye kunyange kutanga kuchirapa kukanganisa paronda.

Nokupfeka uye mhando

A davi mushonga kuti vanodzidza nemitemo bandaging uye harnesses, avo mhando uye mafomu, akadana desmurgy (chiGiriki desmos - joko, kupfekedza uye ergon - nokuurayiwa nyaya).

By tsanangudzo, kuti kupfeka - nzira yokurapa kukuvara uye maronda, ndiko kushandisa:

• kupfeka zvinhu izvo rinoshandiswa zvakananga ronda;
• Bhandeji mugove yokunze, izvo unocherekedza ari kupfeka.

In basa rimwe kupfeka, nezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, angava:

• chinokosha kupfeka omumasherufu;
• napkins;
• donje swabs;
• gauze balls.

Mhando dressings kuifukidza nzira

maonero	tsananguro	mhando
Wokudzivirira kana akapfava	It rine zvinhu izvo rinoshandisirwa ronda, uye asunga mucheka Anoshandiswa kakawanda nokuti kutsva, mavanga, maronda yakazaruka	bintovye; kwakavharwa nenyama; colloid; kosynochnye; -tubular reticulate
Immobilization kana chikukutu	Inoitwa pakati kupfeka uye tai Akashandiswa kutakura wacho, ari kurapwa remafupa kukuvara vavo kwakavharwa nenyama kwokubatana	bhazi (zvomusejari, waya, nembambo); gypsum; guruu; senga

Primary kutarisirwa utano mukukuvara

Muitiro kushandisa chigamba rinonzi ligation. chinangwa Its ndiko kudikanwa kuvhara ronda:

• nokuti kudzivirira mamwe chirwere;
• kumisa kubuda kweropa;
• richiva muviri chaizvoizvo.

General mitemo kumanikidzira mabhandeji pazvironda uye kukuvara:

1. Geza maoko kwazvo nesipo nemvura, kana ichi hazvibviri, inofanira dzinenge kuvabata rinokosha akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona.
2. Kana makuvaro - ane vanga rakavhurika, ganda dzakaripoteredza zvinyoronyoro kubata doro mhinduro rehydrogen peroxide kana ayodhini.
3. Uise wacho (murwere) ari kusununguka nzvimbo (agere, akarara pasi), richipa nyore kuwana ukama yacho.
4. Iva munhu pamberi murwere kuti arinde ake kuita.
5. Tanga kupfeka "akazaruka" mucheka kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi, kubva arikunze kubva pabazi kurutivi muviri, kuti zvinobva pasi kumusoro, vachishandisa maoko maviri.
6. Ruoko bhandiji zvinofanira hwakakungwa panguva kugokora, mamiriro, uye gumbo - tote.
7. majana okutanga maviri kana matatu (kumativi) rinofanira kudzorwa kuti bhandiji ichi zvakasimba yakapombera narrowest nzvimbo yakasimba.
8. Uyezve swathe kunotevera yunifomu mumakakatanwa pasina kuunyana.
9. Mumwe hanesi yapfuura turnover rinofukidza nezvemumwe upamhi rechitatu.
10. Kana nzvimbo akuvara guru, bhandeji haangavi zvakakwana, asi pasi wokutanga kuguma komberedza pakutanga wechipiri, muedzo uyu pfungwa tenderera coils.
11. Kupedzisa kupfeka, zvichiita zviviri kana zvitatu turnover kutara bhandiji.
12. Sezvi- Kuda kutamba bhandiji inogona racherwa maviri magumo zvikamu kuyambukira pakati pavo, kuti denderedzwa vakapoteredza kupfeka uye sunga fundo simba.

Mhando inokosha mabhandeji bintovyh

Usati kudzidza mitemo kumanikidzira bintovyh dressings anofanira kuziva mhando harnesses uye nzira dzavo kushandiswa.

marudzi mabhandeji	kushandiswa nyaya
Mutete mabhandeji, pahupamhi 3 masendimita, 5 cm 7 masendimita uye kureba 5 m	Ivo perebintovyvayut minwe akuvara
Average bhandiji makubhiti 10 kusvika 12 masendimita uye kureba 5 m	Akakodzera ligation pamwe kukuvara mumusoro, emberi, okumusoro migumo (maoko, tsoka)
bhandiji Large kuva yakafara masendimita kupfuura 14, uye kureba mamita 7	Kushandiswa kushandisa mabhandeji pamusoro pachipfuva, pazvidya

Kupatsanura bintovyh dressings:

1. By mhando:

• Aseptic akaoma;
• akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona akaoma;
• neBP nyoro Dries;
• zvenzara;
• occlusive.

2. kumanikidzira nzira:

• tenderera kana zononoka;
• vosmiobraznaya kana cruciform;
• unomonereka kana nezvinokambaira;
• spicate;
• hamba bhandiji: yakashatiswa mumufambiro uye convergent.

3. Localization:

• pamusoro wake;
• yokumusoro richiripo;
• pamusoro rezasi kumugumo;
• pamusoro mudumbu uye chiuno;
• pamusoro bhokisi;
• pamutsipa.

Mirayiro pamusoro zvinyoronyoro mabhandeji

Bintovye dressings inoshandawo kakawanda kukuvara. Ivo kudzivisa yechipiri ronda hweHIV uye kuderedza nemigumisiro kwezvakatipoteredza.

Mirayiro pamusoro nyoro bhandiji ndeinotevera:

1. Murwere anoiswa hwomutambarakede nechinzvimbo:

• mu maronda musoro, mutsipa, muchipfuva, okumusoro nemakumbo - nokugara;
• kunotevera pakati mudumbu, chiuno, okumusoro zvikamu pazvidya - asingatani.

2. Sarudza bhandeji maererano mhando kukuvara.

3. Iva perebintovki muitiro uchishandisa dzinokosha mitemo kupfeka bindepinde.

Kana makaita bhandeji, vachichengeta mirayiro kuifukidza pakati chena mabhandeji, anorumanya izvozvo uchasangana zvinotevera nzira:

• chose kufukidza dzaparadzwa nzvimbo;
• asingaiti kuvhiringidza kwomuzvarirwo ropa uye node kutenderera;
• wakasununguka kuti murwere.

Mirayiro pamusoro bintovyh mabhandeji pamusoro kuifukidza mhando.

mhando	kazhinji kupfeka
abnet	Seari pamusoro chiningoningo nzvimbo, rezasi rezasi gumbo, huma uye zvichingodaro. Bint seari zononoka sezvinoitwa kunyanyisa, uye pasina navo. Bhandeji pamwe kwakanyanyisa iri zvakanakisisa pamusoro nhengo dzomuviri kuti vane dzakafuridzirwa chimiro
zvinokambaira bhandiji	It overlaps pamwe nechinangwa rokutanga Kuda kutamba ari kupfeka kuti yakuvara
muchinjikwa bhandiji	Seari ne kunzwisisa munda configuration Nokufamba kupfeka bhandiji vanofanira kutsanangura masere. Somuenzaniso, cruciform nama pamusoro pachipfuva rinoitwa sezvinotevera: 1 Chokwadi - kuti akawanda dzeraundi nokumukirana mhiri chipfuva; 2 Kurohwa - bhandeji mhiri pachipfuva chake naperekos mufambiro rwerudyi axillary munzvimbo honokono kuruboshwe; Kutenderera 3 - kuti chijana pamusoro musana kurudyi honokono mhiri uko bhandeji zvakare rakatakurwa chipfuva vakananga hapwa kuruboshwe, pamwe crisscross rapfuura rukoko; Kurohwa 4 5 - mucheka zvakare vakatakura mhiri musana nenzira yakarurama hapwa, zvichiita vosmiobrazny danho; kugadzira kosi - bhandeji yakapombera chipfuva uye wakasimba
spica	Zviri mhando vosmiobraznoy. Ufukidze Its, dzakadai fudzi vadyi rinoitwa sezvinotevera: kosi 1 - bhandiji rinoitwa kuburikidza chipfuva pedyo utano axilla kuna nevakomana papfudzi; Kurohwa 2 - Front fudzi bhandiji siketi, Kurutivi rwokunze, shure, axilla, uye kuburikidza dzayo obliquely amutsa mafudzi, kuti kuyambuka yapfuura rukoko; 3 Chokwadi - kupedza bhandeji mhiri musana hapwa ndokudzokera utano; Kurohwa 4 5 - kudzokororwa nokurova wokutanga wechitatu, vachiona kuti mumwe rukoko idzva seari bhandiji zvishoma pamusoro yaimbovapo, pova muenzaniso panguva mharadzano kuti "Spike"
hamba bhandiji	Kushandiswa kupfeka Hudyu Yakashatiswa mumufambiro hamba bhandiji: pamusoro nechepakati muhudyu kunoita imwe kwezana bhandeji; akadzokorora tenderera kumusoro uye pasi majana ose rapfuura wokutanga kanoverengeka, zvishoma nezvishoma kuvhara zvose akuvara nzvimbo iyo; mumwe rukoko itsva overlaps wambotaurwa muzvanza ibvi; kugadzira turnover rakakomberedza muhudyu Converging hamba bhandiji: kuti peripheral Tours kumusoro uye nechepasi akuvara vadyi apo crisscrossing mucheka iri popliteal mhango; zvose zvinotevera majana ose bhandeji akaita saizvozvo, kutamira kune pakati pamwe; kugadzira ari turnover rinoitwa pachiyero yapakati muhudyu

ligation musoro

Kune mhando inoverengeka mabhandeji pamusoro wake:

1. "chivharo";

2. Easy;

3. "matomu";

4. "Hippocratic chivharo";

5 ziso rimwe;

6. meso maviri;

7 Neapolitan (nzeve).

Maronda mamiriro ezvinhu maererano mhando

zita	kana rikashandiswa
"Chepets"	In Maronda ari frontal uye musana musoro
nyore	Kana zvemapapu maronda ari occipital, parietal, frontal chikamu musoro
"Matomu"	In Maronda ari frontal chikamu dehenya, chiso uchingodzikira rushaya
"Cap pamusoro Hippocrates"	Pane chikamu parietal kukuvadzwa
In ziso rimwe	Kana kukuvara yeziso rimwe
meso Both	Pandaiva kukakuvadza maziso vose
Neapolitan	Kana kukuvadzwa nzeve

Hwaro mitemo kumanikidzira mabhandeji mumusoro wake chokuti pasinei mhando dressings akaita mabhandeji avhareji upamhi - 10 cm.

Kungofanana kukuvara, zvakakosha kupa nenguva mishonga, ipapo zvachose kuzotadzira musoro inokurudzirwa kushandisa nyore shanduro kupfeka - "chivharo".

Mitemo kushandisa chigamba "chivharo":

1. Kubva bhandeji kucheka chimedu vanenge rimwe mutinhimira pakureba, iyo richashandiswa hungiso.

iri 2. mugove Its pakati kushandiswa pamusoro musoro.

3. kumigumo anosungira vari vakabata maoko maviri, izvi zvinogona kuitwa kana mubatsiri kana murwere pachake, kana iye vanoziva.

4. inoshanda ine kutara paiva mucheka akapoteredza musoro, asati asvika parukungiso.

5. Tanga vachivhara mucheka rwakapoteredza chisungo uye ipapo, mumusoro.

6. On kusvika pakatarisana kuguma drawstring, mucheka wakatesvererwa pamusoro uye vakakomberedza dehenya rinoitwa zvishoma pamusoro wokutanga rukoko.

7. Achidzokororwa zviito bhandeji zvachose kufukidza romusoro.

8. Kuita yokupedzisira vakapoteredza, kuguma bhandeji hwakasungirirwa nomumwe anosungira.

9. anosungira vari makamuisa pasi chirebvu.

Mienzaniso kumanikidzira nevamwe dressings

mhando	kazhinji kupfeka
nyore	Shandisa mucheka kaviri vakakomberedza musoro. Danho rinotevera mberi kuita vanobwembura uye vanotanga kushandisa bhandeji obliquely (kubva pahuma kusvika nape kwemitsipa), zvishoma yepamusoro kubva dzeraundi rukoko. On seri musoro ndeimwe inzwi pfungwa uye vava mucheka kubva mhiri musoro. Inotamira kugadzirisa, uye ipapo kudzokorora nzira yokuchinja achitungamirirwa bhandeji. Chidobi inodzokororwa kusvikira kumusoro chakafukidzwa chose, apo haana kukanganwa kuti vanyore ose maviri oblique sitiroko bhandiji
"Matomu"	Ita majana mbiri kunhivi musoro. bhandiji Next vakanyika pasi rapazasi shaya, une pasi nzeve yake yokurudyi. Musimudzire kuidzosera temechko kuburikidza nzeve kuruboshwe, ukuwo. Ita izvozvo mira coils matatu, dzakatsigira bhandeji kubva yorudyi rinoitwa nechemberi pamutsipa, musoro obliquely kuburikidza uye vakakomberedza musoro, saka kugadzirira yapfuura akaturikidzana. Danho rinotevera zvakare aburuke kurudyi pasi rapazasi shaya, kuedza kuifukidza chose chinjikira. Ipapo bhandeji rinoitwa kuti musana, achidzokorora danho iri. I dzokorora kamwe zvakare kufamba kuburikidza pamutsipa, uye ipapo pakupedzisira asunga mucheka akapoteredza musoro
In ziso rimwe	Rinotanga kupfeka maviri muedzo akaturikidzana pamusoro bhandeji, iro rinoitwa panyaya rworudyi kukuvara ziso kubva kuruboshwe kuenda kurudyi: kuruboshwe - kurudyi. Ipapo bhandeji iri kudzikiswa akatyoka mumusoro, rakaiswa pasi nzeve, obliquely kuburikidza padama rinofukidza ziso ndokuinama tenderera kosi. Step kudzokororwa kakawanda, mumwe mutsva rukoko kufukidza rapfuura bhandeji pamusoro hafu

Ligation nokuti ropa

Ropa - kurasikirwa ropa kutyora kuvimbika midziyo ropa.

Mirayiro pamusoro kupfeka kuti ropa dzakasiyana kwemarudzi

mhando ropa	tsananguro	kazhinji kupfeka
arterial	Ropa chinopenya yakatsvuka ruvara uye ane simba pulsating ndege	Impact nzvimbo pamusoro ronda noruoko, kuti wiring, kana monyorora jira. Type bhandiji - unorema
venous	Ropa kupendwa murima Cherry ruvara uye unoshanda noruvara	The hunenge Chikamu muviri kusimudza yepamusorosoro, kumanikidza pamusoro ronda chena gauze uye bhandiji zvakasimba, kuti ndiko kuti kumanikidzwa bhandeji Tourniquet richishandiswa kubvira pasi ronda!
rirambe richibvira	Ropa inomira kunze zvakaenzana kubva maronda zvose	Kushandisa chena bhandeji, pashure ropa ngaanyarare nokukurumidza
sezvaiita	Chine mashoko zviri yapfuura mhando	Kumanikidza kumanikidzwa bhandeji
Parenchymal (zvemukati)	Rirambe richibvira ropa zvomukati	Ita kupfeka kushandisa mapurasitiki bhegi ice

General mitemo nokuti maronda pamwe ropa rimwe gumbo kuti:

1. Bhandeji akaisa pasi pabazi zvishoma pamusoro ronda nzvimbo.
2. An chando rongedza (Zvakanakisa).
3. Tourniquet Stretch zvikuru.
4. Kusingagumi anopedzisa.

Nokutonga chikuru kushandisa chigamba - a tourniquet wakaiswa pamusoro zvipfeko kana zvikurukuru wakasimwa jira (gauze, tauro, sikavha zvichingodaro).

Pamwe chete nezviito zvakarurama, kubuda kweropa inofanira kudzivirwa; uye nzvimbo iri joko - blanch. Iva nechokwadi kuti kuisa bhandeji pasi katsamba pamwe musi uye nguva (maawa uye maminitsi) dressings. Pashure rubatsiro rwekutanga haafaniri kupfuudza rimwe 1.5-2 maawa kununura akuvara kuchipatara, zvikasadaro mutezo wakuvara kuti uve havazokwanisi kuponesa.

Mirayiro nokugura kumanikidzwa bhandeji

Pressure bhandiji anofanira kutevedzerwa kuderedza nemhando dzose kwokunze ropa panguva nzvimbo kukuvara, uyewo kuderedza kukura mumatenhere.

Mirayiro nokugura kumanikidzwa bhandeji:

1. Yakabatana ganda ronda (anenge maviri kusvika mana cm) kubatwa akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona.
2. Kana ronda ane yokumwe chinhu, vanofanira kuva pakarepo kunyatsoongorora kubviswa.
3. Somunhu kupfeka shandisa akagadzirira akagadzirwa pasuru kubva kupfeka kana chena donje-gauze rwakapetwa, kana pasina izvozvo, izvozvo tichaswedera bhandeji, yakachena hangachepfu, napkin.
4. Bhandeji wakaiswa kuti ronda uchishandisa bhandeji, sikavha, Scarves.
5. Edza kuita bhandeji zvakasimba, asi regai overtighten ukama nzvimbo.

Qualitatively seari compressive bhandiji vanofanira kumisa kubuda kweropa. Asi kana iye aigona achiri yanyatisa muropa, hazvina zvakakodzera kubvisa pamberi kuuya kuchipatara. Zvinofanira kuva zvakasimba pamusoro podbintovat kare tucked pasi bhandeji mutsva mumwe gauze rongedza.

Features occlusive dressings

Occlusive kupfeka rinoshandisirwa nechokwadi hermetic kuputira zvakakuvadza nzvimbo kudzivirira kuonana nemvura uye mhepo. Rinoshandiswa kuti rakapinza maronda.

Mirayiro pamusoro occlusive dressings:

1. Rongai wacho ari nokugara chinzvimbo.
2. Process yakabatana muchikuvadza ganda akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona mumiririri (hydrogen peroxide, chlorhexidine, doro).
3. The ronda uye nzvimbo dzakapoteredza muviri mumwe nharaunda vashanu kusvika gumi masendimita vakashandisa akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona ndokupisika.
4. Rinotevera rukoko rinoshandisirwa munhu water- uye mhepo-impermeable zvinhu (hazvo chena divi) Somuenzaniso, imwe mapurasitiki bhegi, purasitiki wrap, rejira rubberized, rabha papepa.
5. Chechitatu rukoko rine donje-gauze Mapedhi, iyo inoita basa kupatira.
6. akaturikidzana All zvakasimba wakaiswa pamwe navanopinda bhandeji.

Kana nemisoro bhandiji arangarirwe kuti mumwe rukoko mutsva kupfeka kunofanira kupfuura yapfuura 5-10 cm.

Chokwadi, kana paine mukana wakadaro, zvakanaka kushandisa IPP - Individual kupfeka pasuru, inova bhandeji yakabatanidzwa pamwe maviri donje-gauze Mapedhi. Mumwe wavo wakasimba uye nezvimwe unotii takasununguka napo.

Nokuiswa aseptic dressings

Aseptic bhandiji rinoshandisirwa muzviitiko apo pane ronda yakavhurika uye uchida kudzivisa kupinda kwake tsvina nezvimedu dzavatorwa. Izvi zvinoda kwete chete kodzero kumanikidza kupfeka, izvo zvinofanira kuva chena, asi zvakasimba kiya nayo.

Mirayiro pamusoro aseptic dressings:

1. Kubata ronda uchinyanya akambozvishandisa kuuraya utachiona, asi chero nyaya kwete kushandisa mvura kuti chinangwa ichi.
2. Batanidza zvakananga zvinokuvadza gauze, akamuputira kupfuura 5 cm pre-yakanyikwa akawanda akaturikidzana.
3. Top kuifukidza paiva absorbent donje (nyore peelable) rinopfuura gauze maviri matatu masendimita.
4. Zvakasimba zvigadzirise kupfeka vachishandisa wezvokurapa bhandeji kana namira purasita.

Zvakanakisa, zviri nani kushandisa inokosha rakaoma aseptic bhandiji. Zvinosanganisira paiva absorbent zvinhu, izvo chaizvo zvakanaka absorbs ropa uye osushivaet paronda.

Kudzivirira ronda kubva tsvina uye chirwere, Kuwedzera guruu donje-gauze bhandiji nani kumativi ose kuti ganda vachishandisa namira tepi. Zvino kugadzirisa zvose mucheka.

Kana bhandeji akaiswa mushonga wokuuraya chose neropa, inofanira nokungwarira kutsiviwa mutsva: zvakazara kana chete kumusoro rukoko. Kana zvisingaiti, somuenzaniso, nokuda kwokushayiwa mumwe chena kupfeka Kit, rinogona kukuvadza podbintovat, pre-lubricated zvakakangwa bhandiji ayodhini tincture.

Nokuiswa tai dressings

Apo dzimwe mitswe rwekutanga kukosha - kuvakanganise zvinokuvadza yacho, zvichiguma akaderedza marwadzo uye kudzivirira misha repfupa zvimedu mune ramangwana.

The chikuru Zviratidzo kutsemuka;

• Kurwadziwa panguva nzvimbo kukuvara, izvo haagumiri kwemaawa anoverengeka.
• Rwadza kuvhunduka.
• Kana kuvharwa kutsemuka - kuzvimba, edema, zvinyama deformation pa nzvimbo zvinokuvadza.
• Uine kutsemuka - ronda umo pfupa zvimedu.
• Limited kufamba kana kushaya zvakakwana kwayo.

Basic mitemo kumanikidzira mabhandeji nokuti mitswe wamativi:

1. The bhandeji inofanira kuva immobilization mhando.
2. Pasina ispetsialnyh matai anogona kushandiswa kugadzirwa zvinhu: rutanda, nomudonzvo, duku bhodhi rokunyorera, mutongi uye zvichingodaro.
3. Kuvakanganise akuvara.
4. Kushandisa miviri kutsemuka Kuda kutamba tai wakaputirwa ane nyoro kana jira donje.
5. Shandisa tai nedivi iri kutsemuka, vanofanira kubata mapfupa kumusoro uye pazasi zvaparadzwa.
6. Kana kutsemuka achabatsirwa ane ronda rakavhurika, uye kunonyengedza ropa, zvino:

• pamusoro kutsemuka uye ronda seari hanesi;
• ronda bhandeji;
• kumativi ose hunenge muzvidimbu vari seari matai maviri.

Kana isu kumanikidza chero mhando bhandiji zvakaipa, panzvimbo rwekutanga, anogona kukonzera irreparable kukuvadza utano akuvara, izvo zvingaita kuti rufu.