Uzivi Eastern

"East - a kuputsika nyaya ..." Ndiani haaziviwo akakurumbira mutsara kubva firimu, kubvira kare chirevo? Uzivi Eastern chitete uye panguva imwe chete-chinja. Zvinonzi inobva mirayiridzo mafungiro, vakaberekwa maviri etsika pakarepo: wokuChina uye Indian. It anonzi Ancient. Asi zvakadaro unoratidzwa spatial nezvenyama kuumbwa zviri zvikuru nhasi.

Uzivi Eastern - kwete chine nevanhu uye kwete nhoroondo Monument, tinoshandurwa hazvibviri. Uyu - chikumbiro hwevanhu. Nokuti yepakutanga vayo chaizvo. Man anoramba unsolved kwete chete nokuda vamwe, asi dzimwe nguva, kunyange ini, kutadza kunzwisisa nyika yavo rwomumwoyo. Kuitika mubvunzo: sei, achiziva nzira dzakawanda saka kugadzirisa zvichiitika matambudziko, tinoda kuziva kuti kutsanangura Chiitiko womunhu uzivi Eastern? Kunosanganisira zvekumwe? Pamwe. Tinosangana mumwe dhigirii kana mumwe Eurocentric simba, tichava vanonetseka sei dzakapfuma wokumabvazuva kubatana magariro uye zviwanikwa urongwa, kukuru sei kusiyana mumuviri nevakangwara munhu nezvaanogona.

Ndezvipi idzi uzivi Eastern? Mune kwetunhu rengano, musoro uye zvechitendero dzidziso. Pano zvakanyatsobatana Confucius uye dzidziso Buddha wacho, vedas, "Avesta". Ichi chiono RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA munhu. Uzivi Eastern anoona nyika uye munhu pachake, sezvo chisikwa vamwari. Pane kurondwa hylozoism, Animism, anthropomorphism uye associativity. All vakagarwa, spiritualized. Zvakasikwa zviri hunofananidzwa nemunhu, murume - nyika.

The ukama pakati chinyakare murume uye hunhu rinovayeuchidza manzwiro reupenyu kubatana: mune zvifananidzo zvavanamwari somunhu mauto zvakasikwa (munhu kuona simba wavanamwari, simba kuikurira aiva), vamwari navanhu, sokunge upenyu nevakawanda, pamwe zvakajairika zvinhu uye zvakafanana kuremara. Uyezve, kuti vanamwari vari-simba rose, vakafanana vanhu, capricious, haakanganwiri, kuvhundudzira kana vanyombi, aida-kumusoro, etc. Panguva iyo vanhu rusununguko ngano tarenda mano kukurira zvakaipa munzira kuenda yakunda kururamisira.

Mhirizhonga zvishoma kuronga, uye zvinhu zvose akanga zvoga "munhu wokutanga": tysyacheglavomu, tysyacheglazomu, tysyachenogomu Purusha, ane pfungwa akasika mwedzi, pamuromo - moto, maziso - zuva, mhepo - mhepo.

Purusha - uye pachake pezvakasikwa uye munzanga yevanhu zvikuru kuti kana pane yokutanga akanyatsorongwa (kureva evanhu), richiratidzwa weboka iri "vanhu vakaderera,": Brahmins (kana vapristi) - pamuromo Purusha, kubva mumaoko ake akanga Kshatriyas (vanhu vakaderera wevarwi) kubva muhudyu - Vaishya (Vashambadziri) uye vamwe (sudras) - kubva tsoka.

Chinese ngano kutsanangura zvose nenzira iyi, chete zita Superman mavari - Pangu. Gomera akaberekwa mhepo yake uye namakore, musoro wake wakaberekwa kutinhira, maziso kubva zuva nomwedzi, 4 epanyika kwakaitika panguva maoko netsoka rwizi - kubva ropa, nedova uye mvura - kubva ziya, mheni vakava maziso yakajeka ...

Kuedza rationally kunzwisisa nyika Matambudziko zvayo kuratidzwa siyana, variability uye nguva dzose, munhu aifanira kuona kwangu dzaizopiwa iye. Kunzwa akagara pedyo chokuita pezvakasikwa, asi pane pfungwa imwe mhedziso ariko zvinokonzera zviga kuva wokutanga. Human chokuita Wamazvirokwazvo chava kutanga kutora chimiro pamusoro yokutevedzera maviri, izvo zvose zvinoratidzwa uye yokuchengetera zvinhu Eastern vanhu kwavo hurongwa munzanga. Mbiru mbiri huri: a centralized despotism (inobva pachena zvarinoroora nemvura nenyika) uye kumaruwa. Mupfungwa refracted simba zvachose risingaperi zviri woumambo Mabvazuva (the omnipotence rimwe chete, pamwe unhu huru mwari).

Single China - "mavambo kukuru", iro rinogona kuzvara, kuti kumuroora, kuuraya munhu anonamatwa zvino kudenga (kana "Tian"). The "chinyorwa nhetembo" ( "Classic pakati Poetry") riri tateguru kudenga nepanyika. The "Canon" anosimbisa munzanga rejira, vanofanira kuchengetedzwa uye akachengetedzwa. Zvishoma gare gare vakaumba uye pfungwa munhu akakwana, apo pakutanga vari kuda uye nokuzvibata (vamwe tichitsungirira tsika - mutsa, ushingi, uye tsika zvinokosha: "chii haufaniri kwandiri kuita, Handingazviiti vamwe", iro simba, yakaoma kuzviisa pasi kuti richikunda munzanga mabasa: mambo vanofanira kuramba changamire, mwanakomana - mwanakomana uye baba - baba).

The Pfungwa nheyo vokuChina akava chiConfucian raanotaura cornerstones munzanga sangano mitemo, mirau, netsika. In akafuridzirwa bhuku "Li Tzu" Confucius akanyora: "Pasina Lee kuti kuva havagoni, uye saka, kurege kuva nehurumende uye kubudirira Hazvingavi - pachava kusiyana nyaya uye namambo, neyakaoma uye ichava nenguva yakanaka, vakwegura uye vechidiki.. Lee - zvinhu zviri hurongwa yakasimbiswa ".

A yakafanana mufananidzo hunobuda kuIndia. Pano Brahma anoumba shamisa uye chechokwadi, inorondedzera mazita uye karma anopa chinzvimbo chinokosha. Iyewo makasimbisa vanhu vakaderera nokupesana, vachirayira kusiko abvume. Pane misoro - Brahmins (kana vapristi), uye kushumira kwavari kunokurudzirwa uye akakoshesa se "basa akakwirira" Sudras (vanhuwo).

Indian chokwadi - mu "yakaurungana", zvakatemwa noupenyu hwevanhu kuitira oma kuti vamwe tariro paunyengeri kutambura iri chiitiko yezvikanganiso havana kusiya. Nzira chete - kutyora "Samsara" (kuberekwazve chain).

Zviya, pano ndipo panobva usingaonekwi kutsvaka uye austerity nzira kuti inopiwa "Bhagavad Gita" pachena uye zvakasimba muAtlantic muchiBuddha: "Asi kwete yakasungirirwa pfungwa pachavo hunokunda, vakasiya pasina zvishuwo uye vakanyarara murume rinosvika akakwana ..."

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