Shanda epistemological Uzivi

In uzivi, kune vazhinji mabasa. Mumwe chinokosha - epistemological. Rinobatanidzwa munhu anogona kufunga uye kuziva nyika. Mashandiro zivo uzivi - ndiko, kune rumwe rutivi, ari algorithm pacharwo ruzivo rwenyika yakavapoteredza, uye kuno rumwe - pfungwa uye Conceptual dzidziso kutsanangura nzira idzi.

kufungisisa

Chinonyanya kukosha dzidziso yose kwouzivi ari kushanda epistemological basa kana cognition. Paro nezvokumwe kare. Kudzidza kwauchaita inogona muzvikamu zvitatu - kufungisisa, kumiririrwa uye kufunga. Pasina pavo zvisingabviri epistemological ushande. Panguva kutanga kwekupwanyiwa cognition chiito kwenyaya manyawi kana chinhu. Panguva ino, nyaya uchikurukura chinhu (munhu anoona chimwe chinhu chitsva kwaari).

Kufungisisa akapfuma freshness nezvizere nezvekufadza. Panguva imwe cheteyo, zvazvinosarira mwero kupfuura mwero njere. Kuororwa kunokosha chaizvo. Pane zvose pfungwa, pfungwa uye pfungwa panhau murume. The conductors zvinogona kushandiswa dzakasiyana pfungwa: kunhuwidza, kubata, kuona, kunzwa uye kuravira. siyana ichi zvekushandisa nemhepo dzakasiyana-siyana zvichibvira zvaanonzwisisa. Mumwe nomumwe wavo inomirira rakasiyana excitation uye kusimba unhu hwake.

inotungamirwa mufananidzo

Danho rechipiri kufungisisa chinoratidza hanya. mhinduro iyi inobva njere kuti vose nezvekufadza - siyana. Nokuda kwaizvozvi, mumwe nomumwe wavo ari nemamwe migumisiro. Rinoshanda epistemological vechigaro kufungisisa, asingagoni kurarama pasina kugona yomunhu ngadziteerere.

Wechitatu Danho achiumbwa sezvo kufungisisa kwakadaro. Kana kuratidzwa kusimbisa nezvekufadza kurega kuti ichiparara uye zvakabatana pamwechete. With njere ichi anokwanisa rweMashiri chaiyo rokuti. Saka, munhu anochinja nezvekufadza kupinda manzwiro zvahunoreva nokusika ravo Achishandisa RUBATSIRO RUNOTARISA zvinooneka mufananidzo. Zvinonzi akaparadzaniswa kubva chinhu pachahwo uye anova yakazvimirira maonero yacho.

zano

Mharidzo - murume akadzidza kufungisisa. Between izvi pezvakaitwa maviri pane musiyano unokosha. Kufungisisa munhu anofanira kuramba kuvapo, apo nokuti pasi iyi haisi zvakakodzera. Kuti recreate mumwe mufananidzo mupfungwa dzake, munhu anoshandisa ndangariro yake. Mariri sezvo mubhangi muri inofananidza vose wacho.

First anouya achiita nokuyeuka. Epistemological basa wouzivi ndechokuti uzivi anobatsira kujekesa zvigadziriswe pakati cognition. Ndangariro zvinhu zvakakosha kuti vavakezve mifananidzo, pahwaro iyo mafungiro inotanga. Mukunopera ichi munhu uye anowana zivo itsva. Asi kuti kwavari pasina chaicho pfungwa hazviiti.

fungidziro

Kana mifananidzo kuwira mukati zvezvinotaurwa mabasa evanhu, ivo kubvisa zvose siyana kubatana chaiko, chairwo kwavari ari kunze nyika. Panguva iyi, uchishandisa itsva chishandiso - fungidziro. Kushandisa huripo zvifananidzo njere anogona kusika chinhu zvachose chitsva uye rakasiyana zvinhu yepakutanga. Panguva rorusununguko fungidziro ine midzi yawo. Iye wakaonekwa kuonga musiyano uye zvakafanana. nezvakapoteredza. mifananidzo yakasiyana zvokudya zvokufungidzira. The zvakawanda, zvikuru nemamwe vanogona kuwana mhinduro.

Fungidziro zvakasiyana rinozvibereka simba, naro murume achiumbwa pasi pemvura kwake kuziva. Uyezve, mashandiro azvinoita, yakavakirwa kukwanisa kuvaka sangano. Pakupedzisira, zvokufungidzira chinhu okusika simba. It reproduces zviratidzo, kushandisa iyo munhu kunounza mifananidzo itsva kupenga kunze nyika.

Vatsigiri kwouzivi dzidziso sensationalism akaisa zvikuru kusonganirana simba zvokufungidzira. Kudzidza Fani iyi yaita Dzhon Lokk uye Dzhordzh Berkli. Vaidavira kuti pane zvimwe mitemo nokuwadzana pfungwa. Panguva iyoyowo vaipikisa kwavari Hegel, uyo aiti kufunga anoita maererano mitemo yakasiyana. Akatsigira pfungwa yokuti kusiyana neshamwari chokuita chete kune mumwe zvechadenga mumwe nomumwe.

Symbols nezviratidzo

Kuti vataure zvavanofunga kuzviitira pfungwa murume anoshandisa mifananidzo zvinhu. Saka anosika vatambi. Somuenzaniso, mufananidzo gava iro panonetsa maitiro. Kazhinji, chiratidzo ane pfuma imwe chete, unoenderana mufananidzo wemunhu. Vose mamiriro ayo haana kuiswawo.

Asi kwete nemaonero zvose zvinogona kuratidzwa pachishandiswa zviratidzo. The fungidziro hwevanhu kazhinji pave mifananidzo iyi, iyo regai dzinoenderana chaidzo zvinhu. Panyaya iyi, zviratidzo anoshandiswa. Vatambi dzinobva dzinongoitika uye zvakanaka dzainyatsofunga dzakapoterera nyika. Signs havasi vakasungwa izvi features, vanogona kuva runobva uye musoro.

kufunga

Zvikoro ouzivi kupa hypotheses siyana, Conceptual nzira uye zvinodzidziswa pamusoro kana pfungwa dzevanhu kuziva nyika yakatipoteredza. On zvibodzwa ichi pane remangwana rakanaka uye pessimists. Vatsigiri Gnosticism vaidavira kuti vanhu vanogona kuwana wechokwadi zvisingashanduki ruzivo. Nokuti ichi, mumwe anoshandisa Mindset. In izvi pane zvishoma zvisingashanduki hunhu. The wokutanga zvayo kutaura hunhu. Words dzinoumba chaionekwa pfungwa, pasina kufunga uye epistemological nerevane pacharo hazvitomboiti.

mafungiro evanhu vari muchimiro uye kugutsikana. maitiro aya chaizvo zvinodyidzana. Pakutanga pfungwa rinoitwa chete maererano fomu. Izvi zvinoreva kuti munhu anogona kushandisa pachavo chakazovapo zvakasununguka uye kuvaka mazwi kubva chero zvivako, kunyange kana vasingagari njrere. Somuenzaniso, enzanisa anovava uye girini. Kufunga kwechokwadi kunotanga panguva apo murume akatendeuka uyu mudziyo kuti zviri mifananidzo zvinhu.

Zvinhu uye pfungwa

Chinonyanya kukosha epistemological kushanda uzivi ndechokuti uzivi rinosimbisa - uye nyika kunogona kunzwisiswa. Asi ichi unofanira mukudzidzire zvishandiso evanhu. Izvi inosanganisira kufungisisa uye fungidziro. A Mindset chinokosha chokushandisa. Zvakakosha kunzwisisa pfungwa nechinhu.

Chokwadi kuti shure mashoko ichi, nharo vazivi zvizvarwa siyana uye eras. Pari, chokuita nevanhu wakapa mhinduro yakajeka - chinhu chimwe nechimwe rinoumbwa zhinji zvinhu. To ruzivo rwake zvakakodzera kuziva zvose nhengo, uye ipapo nokubatanidza muvira chete chimwe. Asi kunyange nomumwe zvinhu kana mananara havapo vari voga kubva zororo kwenyika. Vanoumba yakarongwa uye kunzwisisa hurongwa. Kufunga muenzaniso ichi inogona akagadzira ive nokutonga inokosha yokuziva nyika. Kuti tinzwisise musimboti nyaya, zvinokosha kuti tiongorore kwete iye chete, asi kuti mamiriro ezvinhu kuti ndeye.

kufunga anatomi

Intellectual basa ine matanho matatu: kunzwisisa, kutongwa uye kunzwisisa pfungwa. Pamwe chete, zvinoumba zvakanaka akavaka muitiro unobvumira munhu kubereka ruzivo itsva. Panguva padariro pfungwa iri kufunga nezvenyaya. At ufanane aienda mafungiro, izvozvo inoongorora pfungwa chinhu zivo. Pakupedzisira, pane padariro pfungwa mafungiro anosvika mhedziso.

Epistemological basa wouzivi uye aifarira kudzidza kwacho vazivi vakawanda. Zvisinei, mupiro mukuru kune ano kunzwisisa izvi mananara akaita Immanuil Kant. Akakwanisa kuwana mhando mbiri webasa pfungwa: pfungwa uye pfungwa. bhururu wake Georg Hegel chinorondedzerwa pakati pavaipfuura pfungwa yokutonga. Long vasati dzekare dzidziso zivo mune zvaakanyora, Aristotle yakati. Aiva munyori ane chinyorwa chinokosha kuti zvinhu zvinogona panoonekwa pfungwa kana kuti pfungwa kunzwisisa, uye pfungwa zita iroro (pfungwa) musoro chete nokuda murume, sezvo hunhu chero mazita havapo.

Zvinoumba cognition

Kufungisisa, mharidzo uye kufunga akapa munhu mukana kushandisa nzira nhatu kutaura ruzivo rwake pamusoro nyika. Kufungisisa anogona kutora chimiro nemamwe mabasa ounyanzvi. Yokufananidzira kumiririrwa rava hwaro kuzvarwa chitendero uye runoenzanirana mufananidzo wenyika. Nokuda kufunga vanhu ane ruzivo rwesayenzi. Vakaita mudungwe munzira chete hurongwa zvakarongeka.

Thinking ndechimwe zvinoshamisa chinhu. Dzidziso zvinhu, kuti tinzwisise pamwe rubatsiro wayo, kuva kwake chishandiso uye chombo. Saka munhu reproduces uye rinoungana ruzivo. New mashoko kuoneka pahwaro zvakatoitika kuwana uye generalized. Kufunga zvinogona hunonzi exchange manzwisisire zvinhu hwomunhu.

Cognition mu Political Science

Epistemological basa kunogona kuva ruzivo chaiyo dzevanhu chokwadi vakawanda, uye mune mamwe marudzi basa kana anoranga yesayenzi. Somuenzaniso, vamwe ruzivo ari uzivi uye musayenzi enyika. Muzviitiko zvakadaro, pfungwa iyi anova zvaioneka miganhu. Political epistemological basa kunoratidzwa pakuti chirango ichi rinotarisirwa kutsanangura enyika chokwadi.

Science inoratidza ukama ayo uye unhu. Political epistemological basa ndiko kuona bato raitonga ehurumende uye magariro. Achibatsirwa yokungotaura zvishandiso anosanganisira kukurayirai mudziyo kune imwe mharidzo templates. Somuenzaniso, zvose anozivikanwa pfungwa dzakadai hweruzhinji, totalitarianism uye authoritarianism. Epistemological basa sayenzi enyika ndiko kuti nyanzvi zvinogona kuzivikanwa maererano nesimba imwe yematemu izvi. Saka pane kuongorora huru zvinhu ehurumende muchina. Somuenzaniso, tinofanira kudzidza weParamende, ayo rusununguko kubva nevarikutonga uye ukuru simba pamusoro zvemitemo muitiro.

Analysis wokuziva uye zvitsva pfungwa

Chete epistemological basa enyika nesayenzi pakupedzisira anopa mhinduro yomubvunzo wokuti chii nzvimbo dziri ehurumende masangano. In emakore mashomanana ivepo, sayenzi iyi akagadza anoverengeka nokudenga nzira cognition kwayo yakatetepa yokungotaura munda. Kunyange zvazvo nhasi kune vakawanda rinoti, ivo vose anoshanda maererano nenheyo woga uye kunyange XIX-XX emakore.

Epistemological basa sayenzi enyika - zviri zvakare nzira kuronga zvakawanikwa uye kupa yakanaka ezvinhu hurumende. Search pakuva kwakavakirwa vanobudirira uye kundikana zvakaitika kare uye mberi nhasi. Chikamu epistemological basa sayenzi enyika kuri kuti kunobva zvakawanwa masayendisiti zvakavakwa siyana dzidziso nezveramangwana ehurumende uye ukama dzaro vanhu.