Vakasununguka oscillation

Oscillatory pezvakaitwa - mumwe rakajairika mananara zvakasikwa. kudzidza raisanganisira mapazi zivo, kunyanya wefizikisi. Kuti tipindure mubvunzo chii zvinonzi vakasununguka oscillations, zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti muchikwata ichi Munongedzo kudzidza yose-siyana oscillatory mananara kuti kuitika zvakasikwa.

Kune marudzi anotevera, Classified maererano zvinotevera.

Omuzvarirwo kusiyanisa vibrations zvemaziso, remagetsi uye zvakavhenganiswa, kubatanidza zvinhu kare kutaurwa.

By nzira yerera munharaunda emit vibrations:

- kumanikidzwa, ndiko kuti, avo vari kunzi uuye pasi pokudzora siyana nechitarisiko nenyonganiso runyararo umo zvaitika. Panguva iyoyowo vanofanira kutevedza chibvumirano periodicity pamusoro nenyonganiso izvi;

- vakasununguka oscillations, akadana kunyange, ayo anosarudza munyika zvechadenga maitiro uye izvo Ratidza tichisunga attenuation kana kuitwa nemauto womukati rinopera kana zvinoderedza;

- oscillations - zvakadai ayo nokuvapo kwegadziriro kukwanisa ichazivikanwa (zvinogona simba), kupa scoring oscillations. Home pane vakasununguka oscillations waisiyana oscillations, kuti amplitude vajairira haasi kutaura pamusoro simba kumharuro kupomba kwokutanga, uye hunhu rwomuviri hurongwa;

- parameter - nayo vibrations izvo kunotangira pasi vanoziva basa oscillating maitiro chero parameter projecting kuratidzwa ambient ehupfumi;

- anongoitika nokufamba ndivo avo kuita pamusoro oscillatory muitiro zvikonzero zviri asingashumbi, kwete parametric zvakasikwa.

Achiratidza maitiro aya, zvinganzi vakagumisa kuti, muna ayo talk chimiro nokufamba - ichi inodzokororwa panguva nenguva kushandura mamwe maitiro pomudzimai ayo zvakanyatsoenzana hurumende. Vakawanda nzvimbo kuratidzwa oscillatory pezvakaitwa zvakasikwa ndiyo zvemaziso mananara, zvemakemikari, chinozunguzirwa uye dzemagetsi, nezvenyeredzi, uye zvimwe remagetsi. A zvakafanana chinoratidza zvose pasina chakasara, vibration modes, yavanoti chokuita zvakananga simba kuchinja - kuchinja chimwe chimiro simba kupinda mumwe.

Sezvambotaurwa, pokutangira kuongorora hunhu oscillatory urongwa, kudzidza kwemarudzi akadai vakasununguka oscillations. dzinokosha zvatariswa dzavo ndedzinotevera:

- the amplitude (A) - kunonyanyisa kukosha kusiyana wegadziriro kubva ayo zvakanyatsoenzana ehurumende (kupfuura inowanzoshandiswa chokukomborerwa avhareji ukoshi);

- nguva (T) - imwe nguva apo zvinokwanisika kuti kugadzirisa nokudzokorora hurongwa inoti;

- dzinongoitika maitikiro (f) - Nhamba vibrations, izvo zvinoita marongedzero imwe nguva chimwe. parameter ichi unotaurwa Hertz (Hz).

The ukama parameters izvi anoratidza nzira kunozivisa vakasununguka vibration sezvo kutanga. For siyana vibrational gadziriro parameters mu nzira iyi zvinosanganisirei anofambidzana siyana, zvichienderana upi chaiwo ezvinhu pasi kukurukurwa.

Somuenzaniso, muna nyore resonant redunhu nguva uye kakawanda zvinofambidzana ne: f = 1 / T, kwazviri zviri pachena kuti nguva uye kakawanda vari Ivan Kuchin tsika.

Kana isu funga vakasununguka oscillations kuti kuitika nehurongwa hwakadai, iyo wakaiswa statically muzvinzwe, ine mumwe elasticity (k), panofanira kukumbira mutemo Newton kechipiri. Wapiwa fomura ayo inoratidza vibrational ehupfumi ino anova: F = -kx. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kana tikasateerera tsika masimba kukweshera uye uremu sokugamuchira dzose ukoshi, zvakadai hurongwa nguva dzose oscillate pamwe chete nguva, kunyange zvakasiyana amplitudes uye kutanga mamiriro ezvinhu chiitiko chavo.