Valproic asidhi: mirayiridzo kushandiswa, analogs uye wongororo

Valproic asidhi (sodium valproate) yedzinza yerudzi rutsva boka anticonvulsants, zvakasiyana nevaya kushandiswa kare antiepileptics zvose makemikari nemamiriro uye nheyo kushanda.

rondedzero fuma

mushonga uyu synthesized muna 1882, vari analogue valeric asidhi Dr. W. Barton. Inoitwa mapoka 2 vakatongoparadzwa. Kwemakumi akawanda emakore, valproic asidhi rinoshandiswa chete murabhoritari sezvo inert solvent-siyana Organic yeimwe. Protivosudorzhnye ehupfumi ayo dzakafukurwa pedyo fluke.

Valproic asidhi ndiyo mvura uye yakajeka panguva kamuri tembiricha. Saka anokwanisa kuita nemumwe chawo akadai yavaibvisa hydroxide kana magnesium valproate chokuumba munyu, inova pfuma hwakasimba. Izvi zvinhu, Chokwadi, ndiyo 2-propylvaleric asidhi chacho yavaibvisa munyu. Kusiyana nevamwe antiepileptics, rinomiririra senitrogen-isina akakura. The mashandiro chiito pamusoro asidhi iyi uye ayo munyu, chokuita yakananga simba pamusoro muviri kuti wegamma-aminobutyric acid, ndiko inhibitor pamusoro transferase enzayemu.

Formulations iro rinoumbwa valproic acid, uye akakotamisa convulsive maitiro excitatory injini nzvimbo uropi. Izvi imhaka yokuti pafuma kunowedzera zviri wegamma-aminobutyric asidhi munyika tsinga zvivako. Valproic acid, izvo zvinoratidza ratings yayo anticonvulsant Kubudirira ari kurapwa ezvinhu chokuita boka mafuta acids.

Zvinoitwa valproic acid, ayo analogues

Valproic acid, iyo inorondedzera mirayiridzo yaro kunzwisisa migumisiro kwevanhu, rinobudiswa pasi mazita akasiyana. The inozivikanwa zvinodhaka izvo zvinosanganisira fuma iri "Depakine," "Konvuleks", "Konvulsofin", "Orfilin", "Deprakin", "epilation", "Everiden", "Enkorat", "Apilepsin", "valparin XP "," Dipromal ". The rakapedzwa chipimo chemushonga siyana zvingava muchimiro asidhi kana ayo yavaibvisa munyu, rinozivikanwa yavaibvisa valproate. Basa zvinodhaka ichi haina ipfupi. Valproic acid, analogues zvakatuswa pamusoro apa, akatorwa nomuromo pakarepo pashure kudya. zvinodhaka All zvine nayo, vari nokukurumidza akanyatsonzwisisa. Nechekare pashure 2 maawa ari asidhi rinowanika plasma. Zvakanaka chinopinda kuburikidza tishu ematongerwo. Residual kungoda nefuma kunotemwa mune cerebrospinal mvura uye mune dzimwe zvemukati ezvinhu. Its dzakaonekwa mu Líquido mvura (Líquido mvura) vakadzi vane pamuviri.

musimboti oparesheni

anogona sei anoita valproic asidhi? Mirayiridzo mushonga uyu haripi mhinduro chaiwo kumubvunzo chii mashandiro ayo kuchirapa simba. Izvi imhaka yokuti nyanzvi dziri haisati Akaongorora kukanganisa wayo vachinje yavaibvisa mugero ehupfumi. Muchiitiko chino, valproic asidhi kunobatanidzwa pamazita mishonga kuti zvinokosha uye zvakakosha kuti vanhu.

Mugumisiro munhu

Kwete chete kushandiswa tsviyo valproic acid. pakushandisa ichi mishonga gwaro zvinoratidza kuti haana chete anticonvulsant kushanda. It kunonatsiridza kwindi mamiriro mupfungwa munhu. Nyanzvi vanoti pamusoro pamberi iine acid zvinoriumba tranquilizing. Kusiyana nezvimwe zvinhu izvi mhando, izvozvo kunoderedza kushushikana, pasina anokonzera mioleraksantnogo kana nyaradzo. Izvi imhaka chiito kwayo pamusoro postsynaptic membrane. Saka woutsinye tsinga zvairatidza hutachiwana pezvakaitwa.

Nokuti maduku siyana nepfari kazhinji chete kutora valproic asidhi kana mumwe analogs ayo. Muzviitiko zvakaipisisa mushonga unobatanidzwa nevamwe zvinodhaka antiepileptic.

Valproic asidhi pfari

gadziriro iyi rinoshandiswa zvakasiyana siyana netsviyo. Nokudaro kugamuchirwa ayo anobva hwakagadzwa muenzaniso chiremba. Valproic acid, mirayiridzo kushandiswa izvo zvinoratidza kubudirira kwayo panguva dzakasiyana siyana chirwere, inoshandiswa zvimwe zviitiko mishonga yakasiyana. Uyewo, chinowanzoonekwa ushandiswe, uye mune zvatichiri pfari.

Kushandisa zvinodhaka

Valproic acid, mirayiridzo kuti kugadzwa zvinodhaka zvinoda chiremba wako uye kunyatsotevedza zvinodhaka regimens, kushandiswa nyaya dzakadaro:

• kudzivirira yematambudziko siyana mune pfari;

• convulsive ezvinhu zvaibva zvimwe zvirwere CNS;

• pamberi huta tic;

• chirwere nemanic-depressive, hakusi amenable kurapwa zvinodhaka ane lithium;

• convulsive ezvinhu zvaibva pauduku.

Valproic asidhi uye Formulations zvine nayo, inofanira chete inotongwa kupinda chiremba. Chete pashure ose anodiwa pakutsvakurudza uye murwere kupima nyanzvi achakwanisa kusarudza yakakotsekana uye inobudirira dose zvinodhaka.

kusunungurwa Form

Valproic acid, kusunungurwa fomu riri yakasiyana, vagadziri siyana vari kugara sezvinotevera:

• Mahwendefa, zvemapuranga pamahwendefa, soluble ari ura. Dzine 150, 200, 300, 500 MG valproic asidhi (sodium valproate).

• Capsules 150, 300 MG.

• Medicine (manyuchi) ane 50 kana 300 ml mushonga muna 1 Rine mamiririta.

Kugarisana nevamwe zvinodhaka

Valproic asidhi inokwanisa kuwedzera kushanda nedzimwe anticonvulsants uye protivoelepticheskih nzira, neuroleptics, antipsychotics, antidepressants, uye doro. Kana ukapiwa mishonga iyi haigoni kunwa doro. Valproic asidhi analogs zvinodhaka, salicylic asidhi uye anticoagulants vane inhibitory zvainoita aggregation (kuwadzana) maplatelet. Kana jekiseni muimba ura iyo medicament yava kunyura kupinda muropa. Saka kushandisa valproic asidhi akabatana zvokudya zvishoma kunoderedza kushanda kwayo.

nemishonga

The medicament dzimwe nguva kunokonzera nemishonga akadai kuda kurutsa, kurutsa, kurasikirwa kudya, nekuomarara kurwadziwa mudumbu, manyoka. Kugadzirisa izvi mamiriro kushandisa rakafukidza kana antispasmodics. Valproic asidhi kungaita vakawanda mwoyo uye kuneta, saka haawanzopiwi ushandiswe vanhu vaiita rinonetesa mumuviri nomupfungwa basa. Muchigamuchira mushonga dzimwe nguva kunoita kuti kusagadzikana tsinga, iyo anozviratidza ari muchimiro tremor nhengo dzake, kutsemura mifananidzo uye ziso nenyonganiso, hope, kutemwa nomusoro, dzungu, nokusagadzikana, vasingakendengi, uye mwoyo mamiriro.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, yaunodya zvinodhaka izvi zvinotungamirira zvinotevera nemigumisiro: vasanyanye uye kuwedzera uremu muviri, chitarisiko neutachiona, kwenguva bvudzi kurasikirwa, kumwedzi hadzina kufambiswa zvakanaka, kuchinja hemogram. Rare asi chakakomba zvikuru divi migumisiro ichi kugamuchira nzira vanoonekwa kuti atadze kushanda zvakanaka chiropa kana rwatata, nokuderedza kweropa. Hepatotoxic nezvinozoitika kazhinji kana kugamuchira zvinodhaka izvi panguva imwe chete clonazepam, phenobarbital.

Kana kushandisa valproic asidhi inofanira kurangarirwa kuti varwere chirwere cheshuga chinogona kukanganisa mugumisiro wacho kuongorora weti, kuwedzera ayo zviri ketone miviri. Nokuti kudzivirirwa yematambudziko siyana panguva kurapwa nguva kuziva zviri muropa bilirubin, chiropa makemikari, platelet count.

Contraindications

Valproic acid, izvo zvinodhaka vanotengeswa pamusoro pakaunda pasina mushonga, ane zvakakomba contraindications. Idzi dzinosanganisira:

• dysfunction pamusoro rwatata uye chiropa;

• porphyria;

• Hemorrhagic diathesis;

• idiosyncrasy;

• The trimester akazvitakura rokutanga;

• kudyisa nguva (mushonga zvinoenda mukaka).

Muna II uye III trimester pamuviri, zvinodhaka izvi nezvaro mishonga maduku uye chete zvakakomba zvikonzero, nokuti chinoyambuka placenta uye zvinogona kukanganisa mwana asati aberekwa.

Kana kugamuchira valproic asidhi inofanira kunyatsoongorora kuongorora kushanda chiropa kudzora kweropa uye platelet aggregation. Munguva kurapa, uyu mushonga vakadzi vanoita zvepabonde, inofanira kushandiswa kudzivirira pamuviri, chakavimbika kupfuura nzira pamuviri.

pokushandisa anorimwa

Kugadzirira ine zvinovava ichi, vari kutora zvirongwa zvakasiyana. Zvakanyanya Kunaka Panguva Yepamuviri mishonga vanosarudzwa nomumwe. Pakusarudza chipimo chemushonga zvaiitwa kunokanganisa murwere ezvinhu, uremu uye zera. Kazhinji, pakutanga kosi mune vakuru nevana achirema makirogiramu anopfuura 25, dzakabatwa pa 10-15 MG / makirogiramu pazuva. Naizvozvo vhiki dose zvinodhaka riri yakawedzera 5-10 MG / makirogiramu, vachiuya kuna kunonyanyisa - 30 MG / makirogiramu. The dose daily vana - 20-50 MG / makirogiramu. In yezwi kurapwa pamwe valproic iine acid kurapwa nedzimwe zvinodhaka anticonvulsant ipfupi zvishoma nezvishoma. The kunonyanyisa dose pamusoro valproic asidhi hakufaniri kupfuura 50 MG / makirogiramu pazuva.

Pane nzira dzakasiyana-siyana kusunungurwa zvinodhaka. Intravenous Kutarisirwa kunosanganisira kugamuchira 400-800 MG yavaibvisa valproate pazuva. Mumazana kosi yokurapa zvinokosha kuona padanho zvinodhaka muropa. Maererano Analyses, zvaungagadzirisa kuitwa kuti kurapwa zvaiitwa.

Achiratidza zano:

• Vana vane makore 3: In vhiki yokutanga chinonwiwa 150 MG 1 p. rimwe zuva, ari wechipiri - 150 MG 2 p. pazuva, uye wechitatu - musi 150 MG 3 p. pazuva.

• Vana 3 - 10 makore: muvhiki yokutanga achitora 450 MG, rechipiri - 600 MG, uye yechitatu - 900 MG pazuva. Maererano neimwe kugamuchira redunhu 300, 450, 600, 900 MG pazuva, ukuwo, muna 1, 2, 3 uye 4 mavhiki.

• Pashure pemakore 10: muvhiki yokutanga chinonwiwa 600 MG, rechipiri - 900, nomwedzi wechitatu - 1200 MG pazuva. Maererano neimwe kugamuchira redunhu 300, 600, 900, 1200 MG pazuva, ukuwo, muna 1, 2, 3 uye 4 mavhiki.

Varwere kare kurapwa nedzimwe anticonvulsants, iine acid valproic dzakabatwa mune mishonga diki. Panguva iyoyowo nhamba dzimwe nzira ipfupi. The Nokuraramisa dose nevakura - 900-1200 MG. Valproic acid, mapiritsi uye capsules iyo ushandiswe makore chete pashure 10, wakabatwa 2-4 mishonga. Nokuti vana inonyanyoshandiswa ushandiswe mushonga kana manyuchi pamwe zvinodhaka ichi.

"Depakinum" (valproic acid)

On Kutengeswa pane zvinodhaka zvakasiyana pamwe acid, asi zvikuru dzakakurumbira ndiye "Depakine." In Pharmacies, pane mhando dzakawanda kurapwa: "Chrono", "300 Enterik", "Hrononosfera granules" uye vamwe. vose siyanei rinoita chirungiso tigutsikane uye chimiro. "Depakine" ushandiswe somunhu anticonvulsant uye manzwiro-pakudzikamisa zvinodhaka. Zvinonyatsozivikanwa yakasimbiswa pakurapa nepfari, nedambudziko zvirwere, generalized tonic-clonic nezvipusha, myoclonus, kuora mwoyo, migraine nomusoro. It rinoshandiswawo nokuda mishonga neuropathic marwadzo. Munguva ichangopfuura, mushonga nezvokumwe sezvo mushonga pamusoro mamwe kenza uye HIV.

Valproic asidhi dhepoti

Pakati valproic asidhi zvinodhaka "Depakine" uye ayo analogues vari kumusoro kudiwa. Izvi imhaka yokuti ane kwenguva refu zvikuru. Kushandiswa kugadzirira ichi kunoita kuti zvinoderedza kakawanda kuti panowanikwa convulsive pfari. izvozvo kunoderedza nekuomarara dzavo uye hwezvekukurukurirana kuerera. "Depakine" kunoderedza ngozi yokuva zvikuru matambudziko.

Pezvakaitwa metabolization valproic asidhi vakatakura chiropa masero. Kana muchigamuchira zvinhu netsika hafu-upenyu maawa anenge 6-8. zvinodhaka Modern anogona kuramba muviri Kuwanda basa fuma mumuviri kuti maawa 16. Mwero excretion ose valproic asidhi hunoenderana chiropa ishande. Valproic acid, iyo akaongororazve pamusoro zvakawanda kunobatsirawo murwere mumwe nomumwe ari oga. Izvi imhaka yokuti muviri wose rakasiyana uye anogona kutora zvinhu izvi nevamwe zvarakasiya kubva kwose kwose.