Vlad Kolosazhatel: Biography, kubudirira, bhodhi uye zvinonakidza zvinhu

No nhoroondo Europe mamwe mutongi Ages zvakadaro, ane upenyu hwaizova vashoma vane ngano zhinji kudaro, sezvo Vlad III, mubati kaduku uye rakasviba wallachia. Zvisinei, ayo akasiyana utariri nzira uye hwokuuraya vanopandukira chichiwanikwa pake zita rakaipa, kunyange mumarudzi ake, wajaira zvose. Zvakawanda glossed pamusoro, zvikuru yagadzirwa asi Vlad Kolosazhatel, ane Biography rakanyatsojeka noshamisa, uye akaramba ari pachena pfungwa imwe kwakavanzika Vampire Count.

Kuvhiringidzwa pamwe nicknames

Nzvimbo yechizvarirwo memukuru wallachia, anofungidzirwa muna 1430, musi chaiwo mubvunzo. Achiri akapfeka zita pfupi pamusoro Vlad III. Tepes - the remadunhu-, raakanga paakavapa gare gare. In Romanian zvinoreva "nhamba" uye akanga paakavapa kwavari inoshamisa tsika kuti vaiuraya vanhu vaipara mhosva nenzira iyi.

Panguva iyoyo baba vake, Vlad II aigara Tigishoare kuti muna Transylvania. mai vake raiva Moldavian muchindakadzi Vasiliki.

The remadunhu- "Dracula," iro anozivikanwa, rinotevera Tepes akanga nhaka kubva baba vake. "Dracula" Vlad II akanga remadunhurirwa nokuti aiva nhengo Order of neShato, yakavambwa Sigismund Hungarian umambo. Ndatova hospodar, akatanga vanoshingaira kushandisa mufananidzo wemhuka ngano pamusoro mari, nhoo heraldic, nenguo maoko. Pashure paizvozvo akatora remadunhu- Dracula.

udiki

Kusvikira makore manomwe, remangwana Vlad Kolosazhatel, vane mhuri vakabva kwakawedzera azvarwa mumwe Radu mwanakomana, aigara naamai vake, baba uye hama Tigishoare kuti muna Transylvania. ipapo Vlad II yakanga isina choushe mambo uye takatamira wallachia.

Zvematongerwo enyika munharaunda yakanga chaizvo zvakaoma mumakore iwayo. Little wallachia mumakore iwayo akanga vakadengezera pakati Catholic Hungary uye Muslim Turkey. Vlad II akanga atsausa kuna Turkey, yaakanga akasungwa ari mujeri gavhuna Hungarian János Hunyadi.

Pashure dzinotevedzana kurwisana kwemauto, Vlad II akadzokera Wallachian choushe pamwechete vabvumirana vokuTurkey, asi kuti hunovimbisa kuvimbika kwavo, akamanikidzwa kuzviisa kudare vanakomana Sultan maviri - Vlad uye Radu.

achiva Tepes

Saka, ava nemakore nemakore 14 Vlad uye mukoma wake vakaenda dana Sultan kweTurkey, uko akapedza makore akawanda. Maererano venhoroondo makore iwayo, izvozvo zvachinja chaizvo nguva yaaipedza pamba. Extreme mhirizhonga, mupfungwa kusaenzana - zvose Mugumisiro kumanikidzwa pazororo mumuzinda sultans, apo chete aigona tarisa uwandu yaiuya nematsotsi yakagozha nzira. Zvimwe akanga aripo uye paiva kwaita manhamba sezvo Vlad Kolosazhatel akadaro. Ndiani uyu, zvinonzi ikozvino rizivikanwe anenge munhu wose.

Nepo mwanakomana akanga ari mamiriro nababa mubatwa kwakanga pachigaro choushe Mambo wallachia inopisa. baba Dracula vake, Vlad II ari vakagumisa vemauto nemibatanidzwa Hungarians, ipapo vabva kwavari. Ndokuguma kumusoro kuti Yanosh Hunyadi muna 1446 akaronga sapakuparadzwa recalcitrant muranda. Vlad II musoro, uye mukoma wake Mircea Dracula akavigwa mupenyu.

First kuuya simba

Vlad Kolosazhatel, richisvika vayaruka, akasarudza kutsiva pamusoro porufu vadiwa. With vatsigire Turkish mauto, akapinda wallachia uye akaendesa wokuHungary chidzoyi Vladislav.

Chatangwa feya zvinokonzera kusagadzikana somugumisiro iyo baba vake akaurayiwa. Munguva pfupi dzaaiita mhosva boyars nomwe.

Zvisinei, chido dzokutsiva kuti nguva akaramba kugutswa. Hungarian mambo Yanosh Hunyadi Dracula akazivisa pamutemo mubati wallachia, uye muna 1448 zvakare akaronga sapakuparadzwa pasingadiwi pake Prince.

Wandering kuburikidza Eastern Europe

mutongi yanyadziswa akamanikidzirwa kusiya wallachia. Vlad Kolosazhatel vazhinji famba paimba neimba siyana machinda dzenhando. Akapedza makore akawanda ari Moldova. Ikoko pave noushamwari mubati dzokuMoldova choushe Stefan. Zvadaro, zvichaita kumubatsira pachigaro choumambo.

Vlad Dracula Impaler akaramba zvakasimba pamusoro tsinga dzose Hungarian mambo, kunyange kana mamiriro vatapwa uye sponger mune vasingakoshi enyika. Yanosh Hunyadi akatuma tsamba vakatsamwa kuvazungura chinhu chokuita Dracula vatongi vari pasi ake ose.

Zvinhu akanga defused mumwe hondo pamwe Turkey. Muna 1456 Western Europe akatanga vatore kushingirira pamusoro kuvaOttoman nechinangwa mwoyo shure kuConstantinople navo. Panguva iyoyo, mambo muHungary rinova kune kukakavara duku ake ekare nyaya, uye Vlad Kolosazhatel chinyararire anosvika Transylvania.

Just panguva iyi vapristi vaFrancis vakaita basa vanozvipira kufora kuConstantinople pakati vomunzvimbo. Nokuti pfungwa zvikonzero, vakavhara nzira mauto ake vateveri Faith Orthodox. Vlad Tsepesh, sezvo dzomuzana Romanian Orthodox Church, akatora mukana chokwadi ichi uye pfungwa varwi vakaraswa kubatana kukupfura ake uye uende wallachia.

Impaler Board

Muna 1456, Vlad Dracula kamwe zvakare inobudisa Wallachian choushe uye kuramba muno kwemakore matanhatu. Indomitable nyota yake dzokutsiva, iye Tinoenderera mberi ari feya rufu baba vake uye mukoma. Zvakawanda zvinhu pachena dzomunzvimbo boyars kurasisa kuva zvinangwa zvavo kuuraya zvinotyisa.

Vlad Dracula Impaler akaronga panosvikira kukuru mumuzinda wake, iyo akakoka vose Vanokudzwa takangosikwa. Vasingafungiri boyars vatengesi norugare rwepfungwa vakaenda kumafundo, apo achisimudzira vakawanda kuparadzwa vaisafarirwa.

Yakanga mumakore matanhatu ushe wallachia muzvinhu zvakawanda uye akaumba mumwe nemadhimoni mufananidzo Vlada Kolosazhatelya. Paaigara Turkey, iye akapindwa muropa yakanatswa nzira kuurayiwa nokuda akarovererwa uye aishingaira akarishandisa pavavengi.

Kuva hospodar wallachia, Dracula rukudzo vakauya kuvimbika Hungarian umambo, asi izvi hazvina kumutadzisa kutora vakawanda vachirwisa kupinda Transylvania.

Panguva imwe yenzendo idzi akatora kwehondo yakakura pamwe mutongi Brasov Dan. Pashure akundwe mauto ake, Vlad pasina kuchangotanga tsitsi rakarongeka vakawanda yaiuya akabatwa nemasoja. Uye pamwe chete navo, akaisa padanda uye vakadzi vose pamwe muchiuto. Vomunguva rina mavara mavara rinotsanangura zviitiko izvi, achiwedzera kuti masoja Tepes akasungirirwa vacheche vavo panguva kuuraya.

Zvisinei, kuMiddle Ages - vasingabvumirani nguva. Pamwe nyaya yakagozha utsinye Dracula, uye kuruboshwe uchapupu hwake rouchenjeri kunyika yavo. Mifananidzo yakawanda chisarudzo waSoromoni Dracula ari chisarudzo munyaya, kusavapo kuba mu wallachia zvakanyorwa kare Monument mabhuku - "The zvakaedza Dracula-gavhuna", rakanyorwa mabharani yeRussian Embassy muHungary Fedor Kuritsyn.

The hondo Turkey

Little wallachia pasi vatongi akasiyana yaitarisira ipapo Turkey, ipapo kuna Hungary. Pakupedzisira, Vlad Tepes Impaler akaita wokupedzisira sarudzo yake ndokutanga ruvengo pamusoro kuvaOttoman. Izvi pashure ane hondo dzakawanda pamwe boyars uye kusimbisa simba rayo Mhedziso. Vlad vanhuwo zvavo nezvombo, vakasununguka vanhu, uye vakaunganidza hondo dzakakura chaizvo.

Muna 1461 Dracula akazivisa yekuramba kubhadhara mutero kuna Sultan uye povyrezal Turkish Kutarisirwa zvose pamahombekombe Danube.

Pakupindura Mehmet II akatanga huru 100 zviuru hondo yako Tsepesha. Ndinofanira kutaura kuti kurwisa mutongi ane utsinye aigona kuva akanaka. Nyaya anoramba akakurumbira usiku kurwisa ashandiswe navo June 1462. Nehondo duku vanhu chete 15 000 yaakabata ane unorema akarova kusvikira armáda zviuru zana vokuTurkey uye akamanikidzira shure. Munguva kurwa, Vlad akashanda zvakaoma uye zvinonzwisa tsitsi. akatuma vasungwa vose nokuda kuverenga, uye ipapo mweya vanozvikudza kurwa pakati kuvaOttoman vakatanga kuwa yekudyidzana.

Mehmed II akamanikidzwa shure uye akabva mauto ayo kubva wallachia. Asi kukunda mauto ikava kukundwa enyika Vlad. Matthias Corvinus, Mambo Hungary, akasarudza mutongi chaicho simba rinokunda patsanura uye vakagumisa Tepes mujeri mhosva dzenhema hurumende iri.

Okupedzisira makore Dracula

Makore gumi nemaviri mujeri, Vlad, asi haana kuputsa mweya wake indomitable. Muna 1475 akauya mutirongo, sezvinonzi hapana chakanga chaitika kundorwa sechikamu hondo yamambo Hungarian. Kuva mumwe vatungamiri mauto, akatora chikamu pakuvhiya muBosnia pamusoro vokuTurkey, akabatsira shamwari yake yekare Stephan Mukuru akadzivirira Moldova.

Hazvina pamwe ekupedzisira Vlad akaita mumwe adzokera wallachia, apo akatora chigaro zvakare pachake, relegating ari Turkish chidzoyi Loyotu Basarab.

Zvisinei, pashure achinyora dzokuMoldova-vatsigiri asiya zvishomanana vakatendeka vanhu. Isingasviki gore sezvo indomitable Loyota akaronga kupondwa raMambo.

Kufungisisa Impaler Mutsika

Usingaonekwi mufananidzo Count Dracula, iri kure kure chokwadi, yakaumbwa anenge mazana mashanu emakore pashure Vlad afa. Mukupera sixties ari XV remakore rakabudiswa rondedzero vamwe Michael Martin Behaim - "The Story of akaipa", iro zvakajeka uye zvizere anorondedzera "zvakapembererwa" uye mienzaniso Tepes cruelties.

Zvisinei, kusvikira mukupera kwezana remakore rechi19, yakaramba munhuwo zvake, apo munyori Bram Stoker haana kutora kuziva muchidimbu nhoroondo Eastern Europe. Phlegmatic Briton mwoyo Ages chido, uye kunyanya mavara mufananidzo Impaler pamwe zvakafanana mavara remadunhu- Dracula. Nemhaka chinyoreso Stoker Wallachian mutongi ikava unobvunza vakafa rima uye Vampire masimba emidzimu.

Zvisingaverengeki firimu kwadzakabva chete kusimbisa mufananidzo pachena pfungwa, uye Count Dracula nhasi zviduku kufanana vavo chaivo-upenyu kumumvuri.