Vordsvort Uilyam, mudetembi Chirungu: Biography, okugadzira zvinhu

Uilyam Vordsvort, Biography zvinhu uye inova nyaya pakudzokorora uku, akanga ari kupfuura mumiriri romanticism yakananga Chirungu mabhuku. basa rake zvikuru ndakatsunga kuchinja kubva classicism kusvikira romanticism. nzvimbo yaro uye mashoko dzouzivi ndiye muenzaniso wenyika enhetembo nhaka yakanaka.

General unhu

Vordsvort Uilyam aiva mumiririri kwakajeka nguva yake, basa rake anofanira kuonekwa akapoteredza yaitonga. Muzana remakore rechi18 rave kuitika mumabhuku Chirungu akanga Classicism. Zvisinei, pakupera kwezana remakore kwave katsika itamire nekunzwisisa uye kudanana mashoko. Izvi dzinongoita pakutsvaga yemamiriro dzinoitwa yaitonga, kureva chokwadi chokuti kukosha mune zvematongerwo enyika nemagariro evanhu pfungwa uye mabhuku zvavo aitamba mabasa Rousseau. Akavasundira kunamatwa zvakasikwa uye mufananidzo dzevanhu manzwiro, manzwiro, unhu zvepfungwa vakasimudzira zvikuru pamusoro madenderedzwa vakadzidza nguva. Uyezve, Chirungu mabhuku ane kare ruzivo pakusika sonnets, hunhu mifananidzo uye mashoko akanaka. Mabasa William Shakespeare, Chaucer D., D. Milton aiva simba guru pamusoro basa nyanduri.

Childhood, kuyaruka uye rwendo

Vordsvort Uilyam akaberekwa muna 1770 muna Cumberland County. Akanga ari mwanakomana chaiye mumiririri zvakanaka. Mukomana akatumwa chikoro muna North Lancashire, apo iye akapiwa dzidzo yakanaka, akadzidza mabhuku ekare uye Chirungu, masvomhu. Asi chinotonyanya kukosha ndechokuti mwana akakura zvakasikwa, kuti akava pamusoro zvinoumba munhu rakakura zvikuru. Panguva iyoyo akanga kudanana nharaunda, izvo akazova mukuru nenzira lyrical mabasa ake. Vordsvort Uilyam akabva akaenda Cambridge University, apo akatonga tsiye nemakwikwi, izvo haana kuuya nezvaanoda ake.

Zvisinei, zvakanga mumakore ake mudzidzi makore akanga chiitiko chinokosha zvikuru: pazororo jaya uye shamwari yake ndokuenda parwendo netsoka kuFrance uko zvangoitika echimurenga nenyonganyonga. Vakaita pfungwa huru pamusoro nyanduri. Pamwechete shamwari yake paakasvika kumucheto kwegungwa kuItaly. Rwendo Izvi zvaikosha zvikuru kuti basa rake pasi pfungwa kubva kwaari Vordsvort Uilyam akanyora basa rake rokutanga kuchikosha ( "Walk"). Chakatokanganisa achidonongodza chikuru misimboti hwokusika nhetembo munyori: mubatanidzwa Tsanangudzo zvakasikwa uye pfungwa dzouzivi. Tinogona kutaura kuti nhetembo iyi yava imwe chinokosha mabasa ake. Akashanda zvakawanda pamusoro payo, uye mune inotevera, makore ake yakura, rinochinja, kuongorora, uye kuisa zvikamu zvitsva mariri.

kuchinja

Vordsvort Uilyam pashure chikoro akazvipira enhetembo okugadzira zvinhu. Zvisinei, 1790s zvaiva nguva zvakamuomera, sezvo yaiva nguva mwoyo vari French Revolution. Uyezve, kunonzwisiswa kurwadza chaizvo chokuti nyika yake akaenda kundorwa France. Zviitiko zvose izvi zvakakonzera mwoyo, saka ndiko nhetembo nezvenguva iri nechepadivi murima zvenzwi. Asi, sezvinei, haina kugara kwenguva refu, nekuti zvikuru nokukurumidza, Uilyam Vordsvort, ane nhetembo achiri zvakasiyana kuora mwoyo uye kusuruvara, vakava kuziva Coleridge, uyo aivawo nyanduri. sumo ichi chete gore rakura kuva ushamwari hwakasimba, chakanga chakaorera kuti kukosha dzaitsigira, uye kunyanya kuti zvinhu nechido nemunyori.

"Makore gumi Great"

Ndizvo anonzi nguva kubva 1797 kusvika 1808 muna Biography Nyanduri. Vordsvort Uilyam, vane mabasa zvino vane zvakasiyana zvachose ruzha, kwakambova hwokusika nechido. Friends mimba kuti rwendo kuGermany uye vasati kutumira vakasarudza kusunungura dzakaunganidzwa enhetembo mabasa vaifanira kuratidza maonero avo pamusoro mabhuku akararama. Coleridge aifanira kunyora ballad munguva zvekumwe manyorerwo, uye shamwari yake - a nekunzwisisa uye kudanana mashoko. Zvisinei, kutanga yaisanganisira ari kuunganidzwa dzinokwana mabasa anenge mashanu, pamwe chete navamwe vaiva ne collaborator ake. Chikonzero anofanira kutsvaka pakuti Coleridge akatora kunyora ballads ari chinyakare mweya Chirungu, t. E. In zvakaoma kwokurangana uye zvakakomba mabhii. Apo nhetembo mumutauro Chirungu nezveshamwari yake zvakasiyana kunyaradza uye nyore. vatambi ake akataura zvinonzwisisika uye nyore kutaura ose, yaiva chinokosha utsanzi nokuda nguva.

zvinotaurwa okusika

muunganidzwa Izvi Zvinoshamisawo kuti racho chepiri ari okutanga Wordsworth akaita munhanganyaya, iro rinotaura mitemo kuti akatungamirira paainyora nhetembo dzavo. Akati kuti ake lyrical ballads uye nyaya inobva chokwadi kuti akaona uye akarondedzera nzira zvakava kwaari. Uye upenyu, hunhu uye upenyu nyanduri akaona somunhu dzinongoitika nokuratidzwa muchadenga. Wordsworth akati kuti aifanira kuziva ufananidzirepo dzavo nezvakapoteredza nyore, zvakajeka uye bani mutauro. Aidavira kuti hatifaniri omesa chinhu kana ukaronga mabhuku basa sezvo zvepanyama mitemo yezvinhu zvakasikwa, vanofanira kubatwa pakarepo, pasina basa Uzivi. In setup ichi kunzwisisa zvinoitwa Rousseau, uyo akaimba parumbidzo hwomunhu ari pamakumbo zvakasikwa uye akasimbisa artificiality mumaguta makuru upenyu.

Key mifananidzo

Chirungu Wordsworth nhetembo akasiyana nyore sezvamunoita, asi avo maitiro chepfungwa ndiye wemishonga mufananidzo zvakasikwa, pakunamata zvakaitika zvikuru nokufunga kwouzivi. Zvakanga idzva Chirungu mabhuku nguva. Uyezve, munyori akaita gamba zvinowanzoitwa murume pamabasa ake; mumapeji nhetembo dzake pane vagrants, vanomimina, vapemhi, vaifamba vatengesi. Izvi mhando hunhu rakanga itsva Chirungu mabhuku, uye kwete kamwechete vaikoshesa kuwanikwa Nyanduri. Vamwe nguva kunyange mabhuku vatsoropodzi vakatsoropodza kwaari utsanzi kwakadaro.

Chimwe hunhu mufananidzo munhetembo ake - murume, waitirwa kusaruramisira munzanga. Wordsworth chaizvo zvikuru mhosva hondo uye vakanyora mutambo "Vanhu wokumusoro," izvo anofananidzwa zvinotyisa uye chisimba. Pakupedzisira, chikamu chikuru nhaka rake rokusika anotora mufananidzo pachake. Mudetembi akanyora autobiography ake muchimiro nhetembo, rinonzi "mavambo". Zvinonzi kusiyaniswa chaiyoiyo mufananidzo wepfungwa dzevanhu uye mupfungwa ruzivo nezvounhu, uyo akanyatsoongorora vakaongorora nzira yake rokusika kukura sezvo nyanduri. Mufananidzo yemunyori zvichikosha kunzwisisa zvose nhetembo yake zvavo.

mamwe mabasa

Mienzaniso yakanakisisa munyori acho nhetembo nezvezvinhu zvakasikwa uye mweya yevanhu zvakaitika. Zvinonyanya mutsa mufananidzo hwezvisikwa. Uilyam Vordsvort, "Daffodils" inova imwe mienzaniso yakanakisisa ake lyrical nhetembo, chikuru uye vanakidzwe kunaka yakapoteredza nyika. In detembo izvi rwakaimbwa runako rwemaruva, mune inopisa zvikuru sonorous kunonakidza chimiro. basa iri anosiyana zvinoshamisa melodiousness uye kupinda.

Mumwe mabasa ake akakurumbira anonzi "On Westminster Bridge." Uilyam Vordsvort anosikwa Zvisinei, Panorama yokuLondon, vade kwete chete kune madhorobha landscape, asi pane zvakasikwa. Kazhinji, guta pachayo anenge asipo mu mabasa nyanduri. Iye runobva zvachose mumusha, musha uye zvisikwa.

Papera nguva

Okupedzisira makumi maviri nyanduri upenyu vakanga pakataurwa zvishoma nezvishoma dzaisvava wake wokufananidzira rakafuridzirwa. Mumabhuku ongororo kusiyanisa "mangwanani" uye "mukupera" Wordsworth. Uye kana muchikamu chokutanga basa rake aizivikanwa yakajeka uye rinopindirana maonero, zvapedzisira nguva dzinoratidzwa rinorema pfungwa. Izvi kunonyanya kukonzerwa pachavo nezvinhu nemunyori iye akagumbuka chaizvo nerufu hanzvadzi yake anodiwa, uyo akararama upenyu hwake hwose, uye kufa kwevana vake vaviri. Uyezve, akarasikirwa munin'ina wake, uyo vakanyura panguva imwe ndege, uyewo shamwari yake Coleridge. Zvisinei, panguva ino, iye akasika dzakatevedzana sonnets akanaka nemabasa elegiac zviri zvakazadza nokusuruvara, kurwadziwa uye kutambudzika. Izvi basa rake pashure mutoro vane chikuru kwouzivi pane yapfuura basa umo vakakunda vachifara kufungisisa pamusoro girl. Mudetembi akafa muna 1850 imwe County kwaakanga akaberekwa.

ukoshi kusikwa

The nhetembo pamusoro Wordsworth gungano iroro raikosha danho iri inotungamirwa Chirungu Romanticism. Mumazuva ano mabhuku kutsoropodza pamwe Coleridge ndezvevanhu vakuru pakati romantics. Zvinokosha kuti yemunyori nhetembo haina pakarepo kugamuchira kuzivikanwa. Chete 1830s, kubudirira kwake mabhuku kunge mubayiro. Vateereri vakava zvakanaka zvaakanyora, uye Queen akamupa musoro nyanduri weNobel. Aizivikanwa Russia. Saka, Pushkin wake kupembererwa "Sonnet" inotaurwa zita iri Chirungu nyanduri ave akakurumbira munyori.