Jaroslav Smelyakov (January 8, 1913 - November 27, 1972). Life uye Mabasa nyanduri Soviet

Smelyakov Yaroslav Vasilevich akaberekwa musi January 8, 1913 (December 26, 1912 Old Style) muguta Lutsk, Volyn nharaunda, Ukraine.

baba vake akashanda kuchiteshi weigher. mai vake aiva vemba akatora vatarisire vana (vatatu vavo vaiva mhuri dzavo).

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Apo Yaroslav akanga rinenge gore, World War Wokutanga. Panyaya iyi, mhuri kwakamanikidzwa nehama mumusha. ivo ikoko vakagara nguva refu. Kwapera nguva, mhuri ndokugara Voronezh, apo akaramba kurarama pakutanga gumi anotevera.

Smelyakov baba vakafa mangwanani, apo Yaroslav aiva nemakore gumi nerimwe chete okuberekwa.

Panguva iyoyowo, mudetembi ramangwana anoenda kuchikoro kwemakore manomwe muMoscow, kwaakanga rinopedza nehanzvadzi.

Pakazosvika mangwanani thirties Jaroslav apedza chikoro uye kuburikidza basa kuhofisi anogamuchira zvivabatsire kuna PFZSH ( "Printing Factory School") Lenin.

Zvakanga iye uyo wakapata chihombe zvaanoita kuumba remangwana tarenda. Smelyakov kuroyiwa noutano upenyu rokudhinda.

Sezvo Compositor, mudetembi ndaidada chaizvo kuti kufarira mabasa ake - basa uye basa - inoenderana.

The kutanga okusika nzira

Bhuku remabasa yokutanga yakaitwa nevamwe yake - Vsevolodu Iordanskomu. Zvikanzwikwa kuti chakaita Smelyakov kuti akatora basa rake "Growth" magazini.

Zvisinei, vachipinda kuvaka kubudisa imba, Jaroslav Smelyakov hwakakanyiwa musuo hofisi uye akaguma apa nhetembo vazhinji vanoremekedzwa uye zvakakomba "October", iyo panguva iyoyo yaiva akakurumbira pakati pevechiduku.

Zvibereko basa rake iri drafting komiti vakanga kubvumirwa uye yakabudiswa mumagazini inonzi.

Muna 1932-1933 Yaroslav Smelyakov anosunungura akaunganidzwa ayo okutanga, "Basa uye Rudo" uye "Poems"

Zvisinei, dzimwe nguva gare gare, iye nezvimwe vadetembi (Pavel Vasilyev, Boris Kornilov), vanova nedambudziko zvokutsamwa kwenhema, izvo kwese kuti nguva, akanga chikonzero pakarepo kusungwa pasina kutongwa. Shrug pamapfudzi avo mirairo Jaroslav Smelyakov aigona chete muna 1937. Akabva akasunungurwa mangwanani.

Up kusvikira hondo, mudetembi aishanda mumahofisi vaparidzi siyana wenhau basa, akanyora satires uye manotsi.

Panguva iyi akanyora kutenderera "Crimean nhetembo", kakawanda yakabudiswa mumabhuku vakakurumbira: "Literaturnaya Gazeta", "Young Guard", "Red mhandara Ivhu", etc.

Great Patriotic War

Kwehondo Jaroslav Smelyakov akasangana munhuwo legkostrelkovoy bhurigedhi yechipiri muna North uye vari Karelian Front.

Muna November 1941, vaanorarama, iye, akaita vazhinji mauto ake, Zvinovhiringidza Finnish nhapwa, apo matatu akatevera zviri shure-ichipaza basa tenzi wacho tsitsi.

Zvinokosha kuziva kuti apo panzvimbo ino, Smelyakov akanyepera avanza okusika chinzvimbo panguva iyoyo kare yakakurumbira mudetembi Russian.

Back musha mudetembi aigona chete muna 1944, apo somuuyo yacho nguva yekumbotaurirana pamwe Finland kwaitsigirwa kupanana vasungwa.

Smelyakov akamirirwa njodzi anenge ose vasunungurwa vasungwa Soviet - akatumirwa kumusasa mu "mupise".

Pane maonero akawanda kuti kwaiva Smelyakov munguva iyi. Zvinozivikanwa kuti aishanda mumugodhi wemarasha pedo Moscow, asi pane ruzivo pamusoro wake kusvika muna maindasitiri muguta Stalinogorsk (zvino - Novomoskovsk) Tula nharaunda.

Hondo Yapera

Kwapera makore mashomanana ari mujeri mudetembi anouya kuzonunura shamwari Konstantin Simonov yake zvakanaka, uyo chaizvoizvo kuminyuka mukoma kubva yokukanganwa.

Muna 1948 akabudisa wokutanga post-hondo muunganidzwa mukuru Smelyakov "Kremlin akadya", iro raisanganisira nhetembo pamakore hondo.

Asi nyanduri harigari refu anodzora. Nechekare muna 1951 nerumwe vakanyora kwokupa mhosva vakatora nzvimbo mumba Smelyakov tafura-hurukuro.

On Nyanduri akanga zvavakatemerwa rusarura pakati 58th nyaya weCriminal Code of Soviet Union, zvichienderana raakanga orangwa muchimiro makore makumi maviri nemashanu mumisasa.

Saka Smelyakov aigona kusangana kweArctic. Camp upenyu anokanganisa hutano nyanduri.

Muna 1956 zvakaitika "Stalinization" vasungwa vakawanda munise ruregero pasi iyo. To rusununguko akasunungurwa uye Jaroslav Smelyakov. Saka, kusvikira kumugumo woupenyu acharangarira mazuva "iri breech chivharo uye pizi bhachi mumusasa."

Makore ose Zvakazoitwa hwake iye vakazvipira mabhuku basa.

Panguva ino mudetembi akanga paakavapa Medals matatu, uyewo State Prize of USSR muna 1967 uye 1968.

Smelyakov akafa musi waNovember 27, 1972. Akavigwa muna Novodevichem kumakuva muMoscow.

upenyu Personal

The nganonyorwa yokutanga nomudetembi wacho zvakaitika makore 30. Zvinonzi kwakabatana zita nyanduri Margarity Aliger (mufananidzo wake inopiwa pazasi, kubatwa nemakore 70s), izvo pamwe Smelyakov vakapinda mabhuku kirabhu.

nzvimbo dzinonakidza munyika yokufungidzira iyi mhete yakapiwa Smelyakov nyanduri.

Maererano Aliger apo mudetembi chakaitika chinhu chakaipa, rin'i chakarasika. Somuenzaniso, chii chakaitika apo Smelyakov yakarova musungwa Finnish.

With Evdokia Vasilevna akasangana pashure pehondo. Iye akava mukadzi wokutanga naye akanga akaroora Jaroslav Smelyakov. Nyanduri Evdokia akararama pamwe kwemakore maviri: Smelyakov akarambwa wake kuti adzivirirwe zvaisarudza Sechipanji nayo. Kubva muchato uyu mwanakomana Nyanduri.

Mhuri wechipiri, akasika Smelyakov, akaratidza kuva vanofara. nguva ino, akasarudzwa aiva nyanduri mushanduri Tatiana Streshneva.

Nyanduri Jaroslav Smelyakov, ane Biography dzaitaurwa ino, iri nyanduri zvechokwadi unyanzvi, "wokufananidzira tenzi mazita", mugove iyo akadonha chaizvo inorema uye zvinotyisa Zvikamu nhoroondo yedu.