Mamiriro ongororo: "Monument". Derzhavin GR

Ose matarenda munhu ruchigona kusiya chinhu shure, anoyeukwa nezvizvarwa zvevazukuru nevazukuru. Vadetembi panguva dzakasiyana mune nhetembo kakawanda akamutsa nyaya dzisingaperi, achiedza kufanotaura chii mugumo kwakamirira mabasa avo. Kunyange Homer Horace akatsaurira ode zvakafanana nyaya, aida kuti philosophize uye kufungisisa remangwana basa rake, uye vanyori Russian. Mumwe wavo ari Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin. "Monument", iro Kuongororwa izvo unokubvumira kudzidza zvakawanda pamusoro Russian classicism, zvakanyorwa muna 1795. detembo iri rinorumbidza mabhuku Soviet, izvo vakakwanisa kuva nyore kunzwisisa.

Gabriel Derzhavin - classicist

Gabriel Derzhavin aiva kufarira pakati Empress Catherine II, akatsaurira ane ode kwaari "Felitsa", asi zvirokwazvo basa rake rakanga akaonga chete pashure pokufa munyori mukuru.

Munyori uye nyanduri, aiva mumiririri vakakurumbira classicism, sezvo vakagamuchira European tsika achinyora mabasa ari kutobaya werudzii, asi akaita panguva yakawanda kukurukura, kuita nhetembo nyore uye unonzwisisika nokuda siyana muupenyu kutaura uye mabhuku ongororo .

"Monument" Derzhavin rakanyorwa nechinangwa yokurumbidza mabhuku Russian, kuti ave akakwanisa vavandudze ikabuda pakati zvakasimba kuvambundira pakati classicism. Zvinosuruvarisa vatsoropodzi vakatsoropodza kufungidzirwa kuti nhetembo, uye munyori vakanyorerana kakawanda kunaka - chaaipomerwa kunyanya kuzvikudza uye kudada. Gavriil Romanovich akakurudzira vavengi kusateerera vachivhaira manyorerwo, uye funga pamusoro zvinoreva ndima yaakanga kunanga haana pachake.

Analysis Derzhavin detembo "Monument" kunotipa kunzwisisa kuti munyori anotaura kuti zvikazooneka kuti Russian nhetembo yakawanda yevanhu. In basa rayo, mudetembi rinoti shongwe. pachake "pamusoro mapiramidhi" uye "nesimbi kusimba", hazvizovi kuparadza kana dutu, kana makore, nokuti ane womudzimu, kwete zvinhu pfuma. Gavriil Romanovich anotarisira nomwoyo wose kuti zvizvarwa vachakwanisa kukoshesa basa rake uye mupiro kuti mabhuku munyika. Asi munyori haasi zvikuru kunetseka pamusoro mukurumbira wake uye pamusoro kuitika itsva nhetembo, izvozvo kunosimbiswa mabasa ongororo iyi.

"Monument" Derzhavin akanyora kuti vaverengi aigona kufadzwa kunaka wokufananidzira manyorerwo, iyo yaimbonzi rinongonzwisiswa shoma denderedzwa vanhu. Mudetembi akafanoona kuti chikamu chikuru "rufu vachararama," uye kunyange vashoma zana vanhu uchayeuka nezvake. Gavriil Romanovich aida zvechokwadi vaiva vateveri vake, avo vakakwanisa kuramba basa. Zvinova pachena, zvakakodzera kuti kuitisa kuongorora zviri nhetembo. "Monument" Derzhavin chaizvoizvo akativakira yakaisvonaka chakasimba, kumira kwemazana emakore.

Wemazano vaduku geniuses

Gavriil Romanovich akava chipangamazano guru vadetembi akadai Pushkin uye Lermontov womudzimu, yaiva muenzaniso kuti vatevere. Derzhavin aida kudzidzisa chizvarwa chomunguva yemberi vadetembi "chokwadi madzimambo anoti achinyemwerera" uye "nemoyo kutaura nezvaMwari." Writer vaifungidzira yokusafa Russian nhetembo - ndizvo chinoratidza mabhuku kuongorora. "Monument" Derzhavin akanyora kuti afuridzire vaduku vadetembi anyore zvinzwisiswe zvose strata munzanga ndima, uye iye yakawana chinangwa chake.