World World Day Ndini?

Kutarisa pakarenda, iwe unogona kunzwisisa kuti zuva rimwe nerimwe kune hovha. Kana kuti izuva rakajeka, rakagadzirirwa kutarisa vanhu pane izvi kana kuti dambudziko. Pari zvino ndinoda kutaura pamusoro pekuti nyika yezuva reTB TB uye nei zuva rino rakakosha kune munhu wose.

Nhoroondo shomanana

IWorld Health Organisation yakatora nguva yakareba pamusoro peiyi nyaya. Mushure mezvose, tuberculosis chirwere chinogona kukanganisa munhu wose. Ichi ndicho chikonzero WHO, pamwe nesangano renyika dzakawanda, kana kuti panzvimbo iyo Union yeHokurwisana neLung Diseases, musi waMarch 24, 1982, yakatanga kupemberera World World Day. Nei chiitiko ichi? Uyu mubvunzo wakajeka. Zvose zviri nyore. Yaiva nhamba iyi, zvisinei, zana remakore zvisati zvaitika, muna 1882 Koch's wand yakawanikwa - ndiyo yega pathogen yechirwere chetachiona.

Muna 1993, nharaunda yenyika yakaona dambudziko iri senjodzi inowanzoitika. Uye muna 1998 World Tuberculosis Day yakagamuchira kutsigira kwakakosha uye kwakatarirwa kweUnited Nations.

Mashoko mashomanana nezvehutachiona

Ndinoda kutaura zvishoma nezvechirwere chacho pachako. Mushure mezvose, zvakakosha kunzwisisa zvinenge zvichiitika, kana zvichitaurirwa nezvechirwere chetachiona. Ichi chirwere chinotapukira. Dambudziko guru nderokuti chirwere ichi chinoparadzirwa nemadonhwe emhepo. Zvinokwanisika kugoverana microbacteria inotapukirwa paunenge uchikwiridzira, kunyunyuta, uye kunyange panguva yekukurukurirana apo murwere anowana mamwe emapapiro omurwere. Mukuwedzera, havasi vose vanoziva pamusoro pezvinhu zvinotapukirwa. Uye kunze kwokurapa kwakakodzera, anotakura tuberculosis inokonzera kuenzana nevanhu 15 pagore. Panguva imwecheteyo, kushaya zvokudya zvinovaka muviri, tsika dzakashata (kudhakwa, kusvuta, kusvuta zvinodhaka), zvakasiyana-siyana zvinonetsa uye zvinodzvinyirira, pamwe nezvirwere zvisingaperi (semuenzaniso, AIDS kana chirwere cheshuga) zvinobatsira chirwere ichi kuwedzera.

Sei vanhu vachida izvi?

World World Day - March 24, munhu wose anofanira kuyeuka izvi. Mushure mezvose, dambudziko iri rinogona kukanganisa munhu munzvimbo ipi zvayo uye mune chero ipi zvayo, kunyange iyo inonyanya kukosha nguva. Uye izvi hazvinei pasinei nehutano hwevanhu kana hupenyu hwakanaka. Kamwechete kamwe pagore, pane nhasi vanhu vanofanira kurangarirwa nezvechirwere ichi, nezvemaitiro ekutsvaga kwayo, uyewo pamusoro pezvinofanira kuitwa kuti zvizvidzivirire uye nhengo dzose dzemhuri yako kubva kune utachiona. Nokuda kweizvi, mabasa akasiyana-siyana anogona kuitwa: seminamato, hurukuro, mapuranga akazara, kudzidzisa. Zvakakoshawo kutaurwa kuti zvakakosha kuzivisa vana nezvechinetso ichi. Zvakakosha kuronga marudzi ose emisangano nevarapi muzvikoro uye mamwe masangano ezvidzidzo. Uyewo, zvigadziro, mapepanhau, mapurisa emapepanhau, mabhurocha anoshandawo zvakanaka uye kupa ruzivo rwakakosha pamusoro pedambudziko iri kuvana.

Chii chandinofanira kuita?

Chii chaunogona kutaura pamusoro pezuva rokurwa nechirwere chetachiona? Saka, iwe unoda kuzivisa vanhu kwete chete nezvekuti iwe unogona sei kutapukirwa, asi chii chaunofanira kuita kana utachiona hwakatoitika.

1. Vaccination. Vanhu vanofanira kunzwisisa kuti iwe unogona kuzviponesa kana iwe wakakonzerwa nenguva. Saka, shure kwa1919, nyanzvi yemakiriniki Calmette, pamwe chete neshamwari yake yepedyo veterinarian Geren yakasika dambudziko re microbacterium rakakosha kurwisa chirwere chetachiona chevanhu. Mwana wokutanga akapemerwa BCG muna 1921.
2. Kunyatsokodzera kurapwa. Munhu anofanira kuziva kuti zvakakosha kwete chete kudzidza nezvechirwere, asiwo kuwana kurapa kwakakwana. Nokudaro, inofanira kutaurwa kuti muna 1943 biochemist vakawana "Streptomycin" - mishonga (antibiotic) iyo yakauraya mabhakitiriya echirwere.

Nzira yekugadzirisa dambudziko racho

World World Day inofanirwa kuudza vanhu kuti muna 1993 chirwere chacho chakaonekwa sechinetso munyika yose. Kwapera nguva yakati, kuitira kuti usapararira kuparadzirwa kwechirwere ichi, sarudzo yakakonzerwa, inonzi DOTS. Chinangwa chayo ndechokusarudzwa kwakakodzera kwechinetso uye chinangwa chekurapa. Chinokosha chekubvisa chirwere chacho ndechekuti pfupi pfupi ye chemotherapy ichagadzirirwa munhu. Panguva imwe chete, kuongorora nevanyanzvi kunokosha zvikuru.

Nhamba shomanana uye nhamba

Kutaura nezvezuva iro kurwisana nechirwere chetachiona (March 24), zvinokoshawo kupa humwe huwandu hunofanira kuchenjerera munhu wose.

1. Muna 2013, nhamba yevatachiona vehutachiona yaiva mamiriyoni 9. Mugore rimwe chete, mamiriyoni nehafu vakafa (chikamu chechishanu chavo vaiva varwere veHIV / AIDS).
2. Ichi chirwere chinowanikwa munyika dzose dzepasi. Zvisinei, chikamu chikuru - 56% yevarwere - yakawanikwa munyika dzeAsia neOceania. Vakawanda varwere vanogarawo kuIndia, China neAfrica.
3. Maererano nehuwandu, 60% yevarwere varume.
4. Kwemakore makumi maviri akapfuura, kuwedzera kwechirwere chechirwere ichi kwakaderera ne 41%.

Nzira yekukwezva vanhu

Nzira yakadini yekubata zvakakwana International Day kurwisa TB? Saka, nokuda kweizvi unogona kushandisa zvose zvinogona nzira yekuzivisa vanhu. Chii chingave icho?

1. Zviitiko zvemashoko. Munyaya iyi, vanachiremba uye masayendisiti vanofanira kukurukura nevanhu, avo vanofanirwa kutaurira nezve dambudziko racho pachavo, nzira dzekuitika kwaro, uyewo nzira dzokurwisana naro. Chinhu chakanakisisa munyaya iyi chiri kushanda kukurukurirana uye zvidzidzo. Zvinokurudzirwa kuronga misangano kuitira kuti vashanyi vechiitiko vagone kubvunza mibvunzo.
2. Kuiswa kwezvinhu zvakanyanyisa. Vanhu vose vanoda kuziviswa kuburikidza nepepanhau, Indaneti, redhiyo neterevhizheni. Uyezve, vanhu vari kuzivisa vanhu nezvemabhurocha, mapurisa emapurisa uye mapepa anotaura nezvechirwere ichi.
3. Zuva rekuwanika, masuo akazaruka. Izvi zvinoshanda kumapoka ezvehutano. Saka, pazuva rekurwisana nechirwere chetachiona, mafoni ehurumende anogona kurongeka apo vanhu vachatora mifananidzo yekusununguka uye nokukurumidza. Kazhinji kazhinji vanoiswa pakati peguta, apo munhu wese anogona kuongororwa kurwara. Pakarepo panofanira kuvapo uye nyanzvi dzinogona kuzivisa vose varwere vane utano uye vanorwara.
4. Kudzidziswa. Iwe unokwanisa kutungamirira kudzidzisa kwakasiyana-siyana uye seminamato apo vanhu vachadzidziswa kuti vadzivise sei utachiwana uye chii chavanofanira kuita kana zviratidzo zvokutanga zvichiratidza ivo pachavo.
5. Conferences, seminar. Zvinokwanisika kuunganidza vashandi vezvikwata zvakasiyana-siyana vanozokurukurirana dambudziko racho pachavo uye nzira dzekurasira pa "kumusoro".
6. Dhinda hurukuro. Vanhu vose vanofanirwa kunyatsoziva nezvehuwandu hwechirwere chakapararira kusvika panguva ino, chiyero chevanhu vanowa kana kuwira, kana nzira itsva dzekutarisana nechinetso ichioneka. Zviri nani, kana ruzivo rwakapiwa ruchatsanangurwa nevasayendisiti, pane vezvematongerwo enyika.

Uye, chokwadi, mune rimwe guta rinofanira kuva nesangano kurwisa chirwere chetachiona. Mushure mezvose, munhu wose anofanira kuyeuka uye kuziva kuti angatsvaga rubatsiro kana akawanikwa ane tuberculosis.