Xenobiotics uye vanhu. Kuitwa xenobiotics. Zvinoitwa xenobiotics yevanhu. Xenobiotics - kuti ...

With pave maindasitiri vanhu, paiva kuchinja paumbwe biosphere. A yakawanda dzimwe zvinhu, izvo zvinobva pabasa evanhu, akapinda zvakatipoteredza. Somugumisiro, havana chokuita zvokurarama nazvo zvose zvipenyu, kusanganisira yedu pachedu.

Ndezvipi xenobiotics?

Xenobiotics - vane chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu kuti vaite kwakakanganisa chero muviri. boka iri zvinosanganisira tsvina maindasitiri mabasa, mhuri chinangwa (Nezvakakuyiwa, washing), zvokuvakisa uye zvichingodaro. D.

A dzakawanda xenobiotics - zvinhu kuti rikurumidze kwaita chirimwa. Zvakakosha chaizvo kuti zvokurima kuwedzera chirimwa kuramba tupukanana siyana, uyewo kuzvipa Nyatsotarisa. Kuti uite izvi chaizvoizvo kushandisa mishonga yokuuraya zvipembenene, izvo nomutorwa kuti muviri.

Zvokuvakisa, adhesives, pendi, mhuri zvigadzirwa, muviri zvokuwedzera - xenobiotics zvose izvi. Nhengo boka iri, oddly zvakakwana, uye vamwe utachiona Utachiona, zvakadai nemavhairasi, mabhakitiriya, pathogenic notumwe, nehonye.

Sezvo xenobiotics chiito muviri?

Zvinhu mweni kune zvose zvipenyu zvose, kukanganisa metabolic pezvakaitwa zhinji. Somuenzaniso, inorema nesimbi anogona kumisa kushanda Kamudzira migero achiparadza mapuroteni vakuru kukosha yacho kuti plasmalemma uye sero rusvingo, kukonzera neutachiona.

Chero muviri kusvika pamwero iri dzakashandisa kubviswa chepfu chepfu. Zvisinei, yakakura wevasungwa pamusoro fuma hazvigoni kubviswa zvachose. Ions chainge chakagadzirwa nesimbi, chepfu Organic uye inorganic zvinhu pakupedzisira uchingounganidza mumuviri uye pashure imwe nguva (kazhinji makore akawanda gare gare) achitungamirira pathologies, zvirwere, nezvimwe zvinhu.

Xenobiotics - chepfu. Vanogona kupinda zvomudumbu hurongwa, kufema maitiro uye kunyange kuburikidza sanganisika ganda. kupinda nzira inoenderana mamiriro aggregation, mamiriro kwenyaya, uyewo dzezvakatipoteredza ezvinhu.

Kuburikidza nasal mhango pamwe mhepo kana guruva kupinda muviri gaseous Mahydrocarbon, ethyl uye methyl alcohols, acetaldehyde, rehydrogen chloride, Eteri, acetone. Sezvo zvomudumbu hurongwa pinda phenols, cyanides, inorema simbi (kutungamirira, chromium, simbi, cobalt, mhangura, mekuri, thallium, namavara akanaka). Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti zvinhu zvakadai simbi kana cobalt, zvakafanira kuti muviri, asi avo kugutsikana haafaniri kupfuudza munhu kuzviuru ane muzana. At dzakakwirira mishonga ivo kukonzera kunambwa.

kupatsanura pakati xenobiotics

Xenobiotics - hazvina chete makemikari Organic uye inorganic mavambo. To boka iri ndezvaJehovha, uye utachiona zvinhu, zvakadai nemavhairasi, mabhakitiriya, pathogenic notumwe uye protists, helminths. Oddly zvakakwana, asi izvozvo mananara zvokunyama sezvo ruzha, vibration, mwaranzi, mwaranzi, uyewo nhengo xenobiotics.

Maererano makemikari anoumba ose chepfu akakamurwa:

1. Organic (phenols, alcohols, Mahydrocarbon, aldehydes uye ketones, halogenated ethers, uye zvichingodaro. D.).
2. Chaikosha-Organic (Organic phosphorus, makemikari nemekiyuri nevamwe).
3. The inorganic (simbi uye oxides dzavo, acids, zvigadziko).

On matangiro kwemakemikari xenobiotics akakamurwa inotevera mapoka:

1. Industrial.
2. Household.
3. Agricultural.
4. Zvine chepfu.

Sei xenobiotics utano?

The pakuonekwa yokumwe zvinhu mumuviri zvinogona kukanganisa mashandiro ayo. Inosimudzira Kuwanda xenobiotics kunotungamirira pathologies kuchinja panguva DNA pamwero.

Kutapata - mumwe huru anodzivirira ematongerwo. Zvinoitwa xenobiotics zvinogona kuparadzira kune zvirwere, zvichiita kuti chakaipa nokushanda lymphocytes. Somugumisiro, masero aya kushanda zvakanaka, iyo inosvitsa kwakaderera kudzivirirwa nhengo uye kwaita Kurwara.

The genome kwamakamuri inonyatsoziva zvinokonzerwa upi mutagen. Xenobiotics, rakapinza muruoko muchitokisi, anogona kukanganisa chakaipa maumbirwo DNA uye RNA, zvinoita kuti kuno-. Kana nhamba zviitiko huru, nechirwere anooneka.

Dzimwe chepfu kuita zvokusarudza pamusoro chipfuro nenyere. Saka, voga neurotrophic xenobiotics (mekuri, kutungamirira, manganese, carbon disulfide), Gematotropnye (benzene, Arsenic, phenylhydrazine) hepatotropic (chlorinated Mahydrocarbon), nephrotropic (cadmium yeimwe uye fluorine, ethylene glycol).

Xenobiotics uye vanhu

Economic uye maindasitiri mabasa anokanganisa utano hwevanhu nokuda yakawanda tsvina, makemikari, Pharmaceuticals. Xenobiotics vava kuwanikwa anenge kose, uye nokudaro mukana wokuti zvavo kupinda muviri nguva dzose dzakakwirira.

Zvisinei, xenobiotics simba kupfuura, izvo zviri kwose murume - mishonga iyi. Pharmacology somunhu sayenzi kudzidza mugumisiro zvinodhaka pamusoro zvipenyu. Maererano nenyanzvi, xenobiotics mavambo akadaro mhaka 40% kuti chiropa, uye haasi masanga: huru kushanda chiropa iri kubviswa tsvina. Naizvozvo, muviri kupfuura sei yakakwirira mishonga kurapwa.

Prevention nomuchetura

Xenobiotics - ndiko vatorwa kuti muviri fuma. Muviri kwakasimbiswa dzakawanda nzira nzira kubvisa tsvina izvi. Muenzaniso, muchetura unogona neutralized uye kubviswa nokuda chiropa kupinda nharaunda kubudikidza kufema, excretory hurongwa, sebaceous, ziya uye kunyange mazamu.

Pasinei neizvi, munhu anofanira kutora matanho kurerutsa zvinokonzerwa chepfu. Chokutanga, unofanira nokungwarira sarudza zvokudya. "E" boka yokuvirisa vane xenobiotics simba, saka kutenga zvigadzirwa zvakadaro anofanira kudziviswa. Hazvina zvakafanira chete chitarisiko kusarudza michero nemiriwo. Nguva dzose kuteerera musi wazvinenge, kureva. A. Upon kwayo expiry ari chigadzirwa ikabereka chepfu.

Nguva dzose zviripo kuziva nechiyero zvinodhaka. Chokwadi, nokuti zvinobudirira kurapa kazhinji chinhu chinodiwa kudiwa, asi iva nechokwadi chokuti haana kuva hurongwa zvisingakoshi kudyiwa Pharmaceuticals.

Dzivisa kushanda reagents ngozi, allergens, siyana chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu. Kuderedza mugumisiro mhuri makemikari ari utano hwako.

mhedziso

Hazvina nguva zvichiita kuti vachengete zvinokonzerwa xenobiotics. Dzimwe vanounganidza akawanda, kuva nguva bhomba. Chimwe ndicho zvinhu muviri utano, zvinoita kuti pave nezvirwere.

Saka yeuka pamusoro shoma matanho. Unogona haana kucherechedza inokanganisa pakarepo, asi pashure pemakore mashomanana xenobiotics kunogona zvakakomba. Usakanganwa nezvazvo.