Zaha neHadhidhi: Architecture. Biography uye upenyu pachake Zaha neHadhidhi

Munyika yanhasi pane ezvivako zhinji, asi chete vamwe zvechokwadi kunoshamisa. Imwe yakanakisisa nyanzvi munyaya ino vanodavira Zakho neHadhidhi. Biography mukadzi uyu rizere dizzying padanho muupenyu. Large-pamwero mapurojekiti, anoshamisa features, kukwanisa kupa iwe basa - zviri chinhu kunozivisa Zakho neHadhidhi.

Ndiani Zaha neHadhidhi?

Biography of mapurani kukuru dzinongoita chokuita Baghdad. Pano, muna 1950, iye akaberekwa mumhuri yakapfuma, kungova kirasi bourgeoisie. zita rababa vake vainzi Muhammad Al Haj Hussein, uye mai vake - Vadzhiha unto Sabundzhi. Zach dzidzo yokutanga panguva American University, iri yeBeirut, masvomhu kirasi. makore mashanu akabva akatora kudzidzisa ari London Association of Architects. Agamuchira dzidzo ichi, akatanga kushanda muhofisi mapurani, izvo vaiva naye mudzidzisi uye chipangamazano, Rema Kolhasa. Nepepanhau akanakisisa unhu neunyanzvi yakaisvonaka Dutch mapurani Zaha akasarudza kumisa yake yakasimba Zaha neHadhidhi Architects.

Somuyaruki, akanga akakurumbira nokuda rusingaperi fungidziro. Nechekare nenguva duku mapurani Zaha neHadhidhi akaita mabasa akasiyana-siyana kuti arayire kana nokuzvidira. Pakati vaitaura dzacho zvirongwa zvakadai rinogarwa zambuko pamusoro Thames, kana ane inverted skyscraper muna Leicester. Mavakirwo Zaha neHadhidhi Zvagara mumwe oga. Muenzaniso uyu ndiwo chirongwa mukirabhu, iri nzvimbo nzvimbo aifanira kuva soro gomo. Zvadaro racho Zaha neHadhidhi akagamuchira siyana mapurani mibayiro, asi havana kuwana nzira dzika. Chikonzero chinokosha ndiko kusada kutora vatengi vari asiri mwero basa, itsva, chounyanzvi chawakaita. Asi zvirongwa zvose Zaha neHadhidhi vaiva yepakutanga.

Nokufamba kwenguva, Zaha achiri vaiona murongedzeri wechokwadi. Pashure kuzivikanwa kwake vakatanga kuuya zvinonakidza zvirongwa. "Vitra" yaiva chivako yokutanga nokuda Zaha neHadhidhi nokuda midziyo kambani. Kwavari kwakasimbiswa moto wedhipatimendi muchimiro bhomba. Next akatanga kupa zvakawanda zvirongwa, uye somugumisiro kuvaka kubva mapurani ikozvino kune vakawanda mumaguta.

Personal upenyu Zaha neHadhidhi, kunyange zvose kubudirira kwayo uye ane chitarisiko, uye vakasagona mumutsetse. Zvinonzi akaziva zvakazara somunhu mapurani, asi akakoniwa seurongwa mukadzi.

The chaisatarisirwa rufu

March 31, 2016 Upenyu akasiya mukuru mapurani Zaha neHadhidhi modernity. Yerufu mukadzi zvinoshamisa uye unyanzvi kunokosha chaizvo uye kakawanda. Zach-gore 65 okuberekwa vakauraya chomwoyo. Zvakaitika kwaari muna Miami. Pano iye asvika chete kurapa bronchitis wako. Saka, munguva dukuduku yakanga isina kwakajeka, chokutanga uye chaizvo kushingaira munhu. Zvinosuruvarisa hazvina vana Zaha neHadhidhi, saka pashure pokufa kwake, chiyeuchidzo mukadzi akanga chete basa uye basa.

rokusika nzira

basa Zaha neHadhidhi hanya nevanhu uye vatengi, mushure nyika yakava kuziva zvikuru zvakasikwa Frenka Geri - the Guggenheim Museum, iyo yakavakwa Bilbao. Vanababa kudiwa akitekicha Zaha neHadhidhi akagashira pashure pacho muchirongwa chokuvaka Muzinda Contemporary Art Rosenthal. Its mapurani magadzirirwo anogara achienda nezvinotaurwa kazhinji akagamuchira canons. In zvose basa Zaha neHadhidhi akaedza kuenda mhiri nzvimbo uye kupa kurudziro itsva. Saka, mabasa ayo zvinogona yakawana isiriyo maonero, hwezvekukurukurirana ari kuziva unopinza pamakona uye curvatures.

Woman mapurani Zaha neHadhidhi vakashanda hwakanaka guru marudzi. Asi kuwedzera tarenda rayo mapurani vake, maigara uyewo kunoshamisa Kugona zvivako, yemitambo rinovira, omukati, mifananidzo uye kunyange shangu. Mhanyai chiduku basa Zaha honed itsva siyana. Mavakirwo Zaha neHadhidhi shongedza muguta zhinji uye mabasa ayo duku munochengetwa mumamiziyamu dzakadai Moma, yokuGermany Museum pamusoro Architecture nevamwe. Kuwedzera asika itsva siyana uye zvinhu Zaha achiri nomufaro vakapawo zivo yavo. Iye kazhinji anopa tenzi makirasi ndikamuraira nenzira dzakasiyana-munyika.

Pakati mabasa Zaha neHadhidhi - dzakatevedzana fenicha kuunganidza. Chimwe chezvinhu asingakanganwiki mukati, vakasikwa Zaha ndiye chiedza "Chandler Vortex" uye cheya "Crystal". Unique rokusika zvirongwa akatungamirira Zakho wokutanga nemagadzirirwo inoratidzirwa muna Miami, apo akanga paakavapa rokuti "Mugadziri Pagore."

Zahi rupawo muRussia

Russia Zaha akashanyira kanopfuura kamwe. Naizvozvo, undosangana mavakirwo Zaha neHadhidhi yava kwazvo nyore. Muna 2004 iye kunopinda Hermitage Theater, apo award akapiwa Pitskerovskuyu. Zvegore, Zaha neHadhidhi verenga inonakidza hurukuro paChikoro Central Imba Architect. Kwapera gore, iye akadzokera Russia pamwe tenzi kirasi, iyo yakaitirwa pashoo ARCH Moscow. Chete gore vakauya Zaha chirongwa muMoscow. The kambani "Capital Group" wakavigira mapurani hunoshamisa akagadzirirwa chokugara kunzwisisa "wakajeka Tower." Saka pakanga chivakwa yokutanga kubudikidza Zaha neHadhidhi muMoscow. Kero mamiriro ichi: Ul. Wakajeka. Makore manomwe gare gare, muna 2012, Zaha neHadhidhi akatora pavakwe futuristic neimba Vladislav Doronin musi Rublevo-Uspensky mugwagwa mukuru.

Muna 2015 muMoscow, akavaka itsva bhizimisi centre "Relight Plaza", iro aiita sezvo murongedzeri Zaha neHadhidhi. Moscow, Sharikopodshipnikovskaya Street 5 - kero chivako itsva murongedzeri guru Russia. The mamiriro yakaitwa muna chains-garde manyorerwo, uye pakutanga kutarisa unofunga kuti ichi ane yepasi pose chinhu zvimwe mhando Ndakaburuka kubva kudenga panyika.

Kunozivikanwa kuvakwa Zaha neHadhidhi

chivakwa nerimwe, akasika neHadhidhi Zaki, anova ngano. Unogona kutora chero basa, uye mumwe nomumwe wavo vakachengeteka anganzi yakanakisisa. Pakati zvinoshamisa mabasa kubudikidza Zaha neHadhidhi:

1. Tower muna Beijing - chinhu achirova kwete chete nokuda kwayo size, asiwo itsva. Creators pakuvaka rinoshandisirwa michina yakadaro, izvo kuchaderedza uwandu simba zvinodyiwa uye kuderedza akabuda Zvinosvibisa.
2. Rosenthal Center nokuti Contemporary Art mu America - chirongwa ichi chakaunza Zaha neHadhidhi Pritzker Prize.
3. Springboard muna Innsbruck.
4. Musoro BMW chivako Leipzig - mugumisiro rethinking tsika hofisi mabasa.
5. National Art Museum remakore maviri okutanga muRoma.
6. London kwakaita mvura mitambo centre - chivako kusikirwa Olympic Games muna 2012.
7. Cent Geydera Aliyev muna Baku - yakavakwa nokukudzwa purezidhendi yechitatu Azerbaijan.
8. Futuristic neimba pamusoro Ruble muMoscow - imwe nyika imba Vladislav Doronin, nemaziso nowenyika imwe spaceship.
9. The Central Bank of Iraq - kunokosha kwazvo Zaha chivakwa sezvo yakavakwa munyika yokumusha kwake. Zvinosuruvarisa, pakazosvika nguva guru mapurani akavaka pakukurukura akanga asisiri mupenyu.
10. Polytechnic University of Hong Kong - kana iwe kuzvitarisa pakarepo nezvechikumbiro kunozivikanwa "Titanic."

Iyi inongova mimwe basa rakanaka Zaha neHadhidhi. No zvishoma unokurudzira uye chikuru mabasa ayo kuvaka miziyamu pakufamba muna Glasgow, migodhi miziyamu muItaly, kunotenga uye varaidzo centre muna Beijing, uye vamwe. Several superepatazhnyh basa Zaha Hadit anorondedzerwa zvizere.

Galaxy Sohõ (Beijing)

Chivako chikuru riri pamusoro chomunda 47,000 mativi mamita. Kuvakwa chinhu mapurani yakatora kwemwedzi 30 munguva kubvira 2009 kusvika 2012. kunzwisisa Iri chivako wokutanga yakavakwa China nokuda chirongwa kubudikidza Zaha neHadhidhi. Nyanzvi uye vatongi vanodavira kuti Sohõ - ndiyo yakanakisisa zvisikwa neHadhidhi muAsia. Maererano pfungwa mapurani sangano Zaha neHadhidhi, ichi chivako zvakaitwa pasina unopinza makona. Kana zita, yakanga pakutanga kwake uye inonzi "hapana kumakona." Patrik Schumacher, Zaha ishamwari akasarudza kuti yakanga yakanyanya kwakafumuka zita kuti pfungwa uye zvinganaka rename nayo "Panoramic mapurani."

Nharaunda zvakaoma 330 zviuru mativi mamita. Inoitwa shanu-dimensional zvinhu. Mumwe nomumwe wavo ane woita chimiro uye otonga kukwirira 67 mamita. Pakati nomumwe zvinhu zviri kunofambidzana zvakasiyana pamwero uriri uye platforms akafukidza tunnels. Nokuda kuti rounding pamusoro kumusoro nemaziso kunzwisisa zvakanga zvakafanana nyaya inoita. Chivako ane yanyatsosimba kongiri puranga. Kukwirira pasirin'i mahofisi kusvika mamita matatu nehafu. The zvokutengeserana Uriri ceilings kubhururuka kuti kukwirira mamita mashanu. All vari kunzwisisa 18 uriri, zvitatu zviri pasi pevhu. Around chivako pane mudziyo kuti 1250 motokari.

Geydara Alieva Cultural Center

Chivako ichi ari zvinoorora akamboona. The zvachose nzvimbo nzvimbo kwayo anopindura zvinopfuura 111,000 mativi mamita. Mukati masvingo nemagariro centre vakadaro chinokosha kamuri somunhu miziyamu, musangano imba, raibhurari. Panewo rinokosha nzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana zviitiko. Akapararira mugove chivakwa vane zvachose segirazi rinoonekera masvingo. Mumamiriro nemanyorerwo akadaro akaita masvingo kwete chete, asiwo zvemukati. Izvi waanodzikisira simba zvinodyiwa uye kufadza kushandiswa rwokuzvarwa chiedza. Sezvazviri zvinenge zvose zvirongwa kubudikidza Zaha neHadhidhi Architects Geydara Alieva Cultural Centre une woita mitsetse. In ichi chivako blends undulating kuzvipira kudenga wayo zvishoma nezvishoma kusvika kunyika. Izvi pfungwa chacho haisi kusarudzwa netsaona. Maererano nevanyori, rokutanga pfungwa zvose ndechokuti embody rusingaperi nguva. Ruvara chena chivako kuti chiratidzo remangwana rakajeka.

CMA CGM Tower (Marseille, France)

Masimba ose yakakurumbira mapurani pakati dzechiArab mavambo kuvakwa zvinoorora skyscraper yakapedzwa muna 2011. In yose ane 37 azere uriri. The zvachose kureba Kuvaka 147 metres. nzvimbo Its riri basa yoruwa pedyo chinokosha Marseille. Pano, skyscraper ichi ndicho chirefu kupfuura chivakwa. Chinangwa kuvakwa - ndiwo hofisi musoro kambani yemo CMA CGM. Dzimbahwe ane zvakanaka chaizvo nzvimbo pachinhu nemhenderekedzo, kubva kuna chivakwa, pane chete zana mamita. Kodzero kusika chirongwa kuvakwa mapurani sangano Zaha neHadhidhi nokugamuchirwa kukunda mune makwikwi chaiyo yakarongwa 2004. Start okuvaka kwakatangwa mugore iro. Makore manomwe gare gare, hazvina atoisa kushanda. In kwayo spaciousness chinyararire kuvaka anobvumawo vanhu 2,700. Maererano chirongwa panguva yokupakira skyscraper yakanga yavakirwa 700 motokari uye midhudhudhu 200. Visitors vanogonawo kushanyira muno muresitorendi, iyo inogara vanhu 800, kana ari yokurovedza muviri. In kwayo nzvimbo kuvaka iri vanenge 94.000 mativi mamita. In mashoko kukosha skyscraper iri pamusoro 10 nhurikidzwa dzakawanda muna 2011.

Thousand One Museum Tower (Harare, USA)

Skyscraper kukwirira makumi matanhatu Uriri yakavakwa pasi chirongwa ichi Zaha neHadhidhi mumwoyo Miami, Biscayne Boulevard. The imba zvinosanganisira 83 umbozha dzokugara. Nzvimbo imwe neimwe mufurati yakasiyana, uyewo mutengo wavo. Shoma mutengo kamuri iri $ 5 miriyoni. Kufadza zvasvika mamiriyoni gumi nemashanu. Maererano Zaha neHadhidhi, ichi chivako chaiva chokuita guta racho Skyline. The purojekiti mapurani yave wakatangwa mujinga chivako kuti pakagadzirwa nematanda iro shongwe ichavakwa. Chimiro, neshongwe achange akasiyana pedyo ayo kujairika kugadzira. Akaratidzika vakaruka pamusoro kunze chesamende puranga. Saka chokunze chikamu kuvaka inova, mapazi muti-zvakadai entwined. Balconies uye loggias pakati Apartments wakatongofanana vari akavigwa zvakafanana ndege yacho France. Basa racho pakagadzirwa nematanda ndiyo nokuumba multi-chinangwa nzvimbo dzevoruzhinji. Kune zvitoro, mumwe mabhaisikopo, mumwe gym centre. Vakombe rezasi chinogumbura chivakwa simbi ukomba pamwe perforations. Vanopa munhu futuristic catwalk maitiro.

Museum of XXI Century (Rome)

A National Arts Museum iri hurongwa Zaha neHadhidhi rava guru sumbu dzakasiyana. Hwaro okuvaka ichi chakaitwa kuti kutora zvakaoma, izvo chaimbova mumabharaki MONTELLO. KuRoma zviri dzokufananidzira chaizvo kuti chitsva tsika nzvimbo yakavakwa pamusoro tsaru chivakwa. The womukati nzvimbo yacho miziyamu remakore rechi21 ndiro 21 zviuru mativi mamita. Nemaziso, rwakaita yakagwamba nechando zvachose inoyerera pamusoro kuputika dhaka. Izvi zvinoumbwa nokuisa mumwe-dimensional matatu zvivako chakagadzirwa nekongiri. A guru muchinangwa tsika zvivako kutamba girazi pemvura. Zvinenge yose pauriri wokutanga uye padenga wakaumbwa segirazi rinoonekera. Saka tsika zvose zvinogona kutofunga pasi kwaedza mudura miziyamu. Inside chivako ndiye atrium, vakaungana kubva tiers maviri. It chinobatanidza zvose pamakamuri pakati miziyamu. Kuchinja uye adynamic mawindo mukati meimba akafanana rwonzi dema, ruka chena kongiri madziro echivako chacho. Mapurani kushongedzwa pamusoro miziyamu muna 2010 akanga paakavapa ari Stirling Prize muUnited Kingdom. Saka, mumwe-akaisa Zaha neHadhidhi akaita bani yemauto ari zvinoshamisa kunoshamisa nhaka nyika.

Capital Hill Residence (Moscow)

Vladislav Doronin haana skimp pamusoro mukusika nyaradzo yenyu. Zvinoshandawo pfuma yake. Saka, muna 2015, Zaha neHadhidhi akasika futuristic akaitwa imba yake, iyo yakavakwa maererano oligarch musi Rublevo-Uspensky mugwagwa mukuru. The zvachose nzvimbo trendy uye sverhneobychnogo Kuvaka maviri chiuru nehafu dzakaenzana mamita. Hwaro yokuti Zaha neHadhidhi akava Ecostyle. Kana afunge Doronin kumba akaedza Nyatsobatanidzwai zvainoitawo yazvino chete zvakasikwa zviri. Kana ukatarira imba ino chete manzwiro vaibva vambotaurwa, nzvimbo chikepe uye vakagara Barvikha. Makamuri mukati meimba muzvikamu zvina nhanho. Pasi ari kamuri mupenyu, munhu yokurovedza muviri, sauna, hwemvura mukamuri, hammam uye masaja nzvimbo. Panozotevera womuchato vaenzi, kicheni ane yokudyira uye pool. pamusoro uriri ane raibhurari, mumwe chevana, kamuri mupenyu uye imba hombe. Kwokupedzisira pauriri chinosanganisira kamuri wehondo uye zvoumbozha chinjiri.

Zvinofanira kucherechedzwa kuti magadzirirwe mudzimba haana kuiswawo pakati inokosha specialization pamusoro Zaha neHadhidhi. Maererano nenyanzvi, basa iri iye akagamuchira muripo weUS zeros matanhatu. Somugumisiro, bhizimisi pamwe Zaha neHadhidhi uye Vladislav Doronin akaratidza nyika youmbozha magadzirirwo uye nyika-kirasi imba yepachivande. Chinhu bedzi inoramba kujeka kune vanhu vakawanda, iri ari kuenda kurarama ikoko. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti imba ino, kufanana nevamwe vakawanda, Moscow billionaire kuuya sechipo mudiwa wake Naomi Campbell.