Zakomara chii? Nhoroondo

Historic temples kazhinji kadhi rinoshanyira rehurumende. Mukuonekwa kwavo, vanotonga chikamu chemweya yenyika, kukura kweunyanzvi hwemweya.

Architects, artists, vavaki, varavheti mumazana emakore ose vakaedza kurongedza machechi kuitira kuti vaite chido chokuratidza hukuru hwekutenda, hukuru hwenyika.

Tsika dzakasiyana dzekuvaka temberi, chiratidzo chezvitendero zvakasiyana-siyana zvakaitwa nekuita basa rinokosha mukusika kwekereke.

Mumapurani ematemberi pane zvinhu zvakananga uye mazwi ekupedzisira. Machechi eRussia Orthodox anewo zvinhu zvakadai zvisingawaniki kune dzimwe dzimba kana kuti zvisingawanzoitiki.

Chimwe chezvinhu izvi ndeye zakomar - chimiro chekugadzira chimiro chekuvaka kereke.

Architectural Traditions of Orthodoxy

Nhoroondo yekuvakwa kwekereke muRussia inotanga muna 988, nekugamuchirwa kwechiKristu. Kutenda kwakasvika kunyika dzeRussia kubva kuByzantium, saka machechi okutanga akavakwa muByzantium. Zvishoma nezvishoma, tsika dzekugadzira dzakashandurwa, zvinhu zvakasikwa, zvishongo, zvakasiyana neChechi yeOrthodox yakawedzerwa.

Kubva kuByzantium kwakauya kwatiri tsika dzekuvharwa kwechikepe. Kubva pano yakaratidzwa zvakakosha, chaizvoizvo kudzokorora chimiro che denga reimba.

Semicircular Zakomar

Mumutauro wekare weRussia, utsi hunoputika, uye zakomar inogadzirisa masvingo ekufukidza rusvingo rwechimiro chakafanana.

Ichi chimiro chechechi yeOrthodox inofananidzwa neyekugadzirwa kwechechi yekare yeRussia uye yaipararira mumazana gumi nemazana nemazana nemaviri.

Zakomara akakumbira kutsigira kwakasimba, zvisinei kuti arch ingangoputsika. Masvingo ane simba akatenderwa kuponeswa temberi mumazana emakore uye kurarama kune zuva ranhasi, kuputsa nguva, vagaries yemamiriro ekunze, kuparadza kwevavengi.

Kyle-akaumbwa zakomar

Mukuwedzera kune fomu yemagetsi, panewo zvakare keeled zakomar. Ichi ndicho chinhu chisingatauri zvakakwana chimiro chechinyorwa, uye naizvozvo mune imwe nzira iyo inonzi "nhema zamar".

Kana iwe ukatsanangura mazano uye mazwi "keeled zakomarari" kune mumwe mutashanyi kunze kwekuratidza mufananidzo, haanzwisisi zviri kuitika. Mushure mezvose, ichi ndicho chirevo chekutanga cheRussia.

Mukuvaka, kusanganiswa kwezvinhu izvi kwaiwanzoshandiswa. Vaya vakanyarara vakanga vane chinangwa chokugadzira. Kakawanda nokuda kwechinangwa chimwe chete, zvakomarari dzaive dzakawanda tiers.

Symbolism

Zvinonyatsozivikanwa kuti maitiro ezvivako zvetemberi ane imwe chiratidzo. Temberi idzi dzakavakwa muchimiro chechikepe, muchinjikwa, denderedzwa. Zvose izvi maitiro zvinotsanangurwa nemaitiro echiKristu chaiwo.

Zvichienderana nechimiro chemukati, temberi dzinowanzove dzine mazamu akawanda, maererano, uye dzinenge dzakomar.

Synonyms

Temberi yeZakomary inowanzonzi kokoshnikami nokuda kwekufanana kwadzo nemusoro wemadzimai. Kazhinji dzaive dzakashongedzwa zvakananga zvokuti dzaigona kukwikwidzana nehodzi idzi dzevakadzi. Ndiro shoko iri rakapiwa mune duramazwi rezvinyorwa zvechiRussia mutauro VN Trishin, rakabudiswa muna 2013.

Kuvandudzwa kwetsika

Muzana remakore rechi17, zvidhinha zvinowedzera kushandiswa mukuvaka, uye maererano neizvi, zakomarari dzinotora nzvimbo yakagadzika padenga reimba, iyo iri chiedza, hairevi kutsigirwa kwakasimba kwekuvaka, zviri nyore kurwisana nemamiriro okunze akaipa. Ikoko pane zvinyorwa zvekatstolpnye ne chetverikom, yakadzivirirwa nevhavha yakavharwa.

Pakupera kwezana remakore rechi20, rumutsiriro rwetsika dzekare dzakaratidzwa mukuvakwa kwekereke. Uyu mukana wakaonekwa pamwe nekuvandudzwa kwemichina itsva yekuvaka. Nokudaro, yakave yakakwanisa kuvaka kana kudzorera temberi, kunyatsodzokorora chimiro chekare chakareru

Zvishongo zveChechi

Pasina mubvunzo, kupfekedzwa kwemakereke eOrthodox ivhu. Basa rechokwadi remifananidzo yetemberi yekare kazhinji rinova zakomar mumapurani, inowanika pano chete.

Icho chinhu chekuvakwa chinofananidzwa nechechechedzi yemusoro, iyo yakave yakashongedzwa nemicheka yakavezwa, yakashongedzwa nematombo anokosha uye emaprecious. Ndizvo zvakaita kokoshniki mabasa chaiwo oumhizha, akachengetwa mumamyuziyamu sechinhu chekufuka, nyika inoshamisira tsika dzeRussia. Saka machechi ekare eOrthodox, akafanana nekunakidzwa kweRussia, akasiyana nemamiriro avo uye mukushongedzwa kwemusoro. Zakomara ndiko kudada kwetemberi yekare, kubwinya kwayo.

Vagadziri, vanyori, masters masters, vavaki vemaoko vakaedza kurongedza zakomaras tematori sepamusoro sezvinobvira.