Zhuravlev Dmitry Nikolaevich - Soviet actor, master of artistic expression

Zhuravlyov Dmitry muchengeti anozivikanwa, reciter, mutungamiriri uye mudzidzisi we USSR neRussia. Ndiye mukana wekupa mubayiro. Chikoro chechipiri cheStalin.

Kuberekwa kwemuhanzi mukuru

Imwe yeramangwana anozivikanwa weUnited States yakabuda munaOctober 1900 munzvimbo yeKharkov, mumusha we. Alekseevka. Yaiva muUkraine muna 1900 kuti nyeredzi duku yemurume mukuru yakanga yakabvongodzwa, iyo ichave nechinangwa chakasimba pamazera anotevera.

Matanho ekutanga

Mutambi weRussia akatanga rwendo rwake rwekusika muThe Drama Theatre yeSimferopol muna 1920. Zvadaro gore rimwe (kubva muna 1922 kusvika muna 1923) iye anotungamirira mumutambo unoshamisa weMi Minaia. Panguva ino, iyewo anotamba muboka raEy Lyimoimo-Lensky kuKaliayevsky People's House. Zvinonyanya kukosha kuti Zhuravlev Dmitry aigona sei kusanganisa kudzidza nekushanda. Panguva imwe chete akabudirira kwose kwose. Kubvira muna 1924, muongorori ane tarenda akatanga kushanda paTatu Moscow Art Theatre Studio. Izvi zvinopfuurira makore makumi mana akareba, iyo iyo nyanzvi inoshandisa basa rakaoma paari pachake uye kukudza unyanzvi hwake. Aya aiva makore ekushanda nesimba nekuvandudza iwe pachako. Asi ivo vakanga vasina maturo, uye vakauya nemigumisiro yakareba yakamirira.

Nzvimbo itsva

Kubvira muna1928 kusvika muna 1936 (mamwe magwaro anotaura kuti maererano ne1939) Zhuravlev Dmitry Nikolaevich anowana nharaunda mutsva kuti awedzere mano ake ekusika. Yakanga iri panguva ino iyo yakaita basa rake rinokosha, iro rakange rine simba guru kwaari: Dudin, Slesarev, Miller, Jouvet. Iyi nguva mutambi akafunga chimwe chezvinhu zvakanaka muupenyu hwake hwekusika. Mufumi wehutano hwehutano uye vatsva vanoziva nevanhu vanofarira - ndicho chaiva chinhu chakakosha kumuenzi panguva iyoyo. Imitambo Vakhtangov yakaratidza kutanga kwezita rakakurumbira.

Kuziva tarenda itsva

Muna 1928 Dmitry Zhuravlev akawana imwe tarenda inoshamisa. Anotanga kuverenga nhetembo. Usangoverenga, asi shingaira uye kupwanya vateereri nekuverenga kwako. Vateereri vakafara. Hurukuro dzinoverengeka dzakanaka dzakakurumidza kuziviswa maari tarenda mhenyu yemukurukuri.

Uye izvi zvose zvakatanga nekunyoresa kuverengwa kwemabasa eAlexander Pushkin, AA Blok, VV Mayakovsky, uye nyaya dzaM MM Zoshchenko naIE Babel. Pakutanga kwaive, pane kudaro, chido chekupemberera kupfuura basa rekuziva. Nokufamba kwenguva, munyori uyu anonyanya kufarira izvi, asi akaenderera mberi achingofunga nezvekunyora kwemavara. Asi kufarira kwakanyanya mukudzokorora kwezvinyorwa uye kuvapo kwechipo chechisikwa kwakaita basa ravo. Dmitry Nikolaevich anoshingaira anofarira basa remuverengi A. Ya Zakushnyak. Izvozvi, mukufunga kwechimiro pachake, iyo yakashandura mafungiro ake kune nhetembo kupfuura dzose.

Akatanga pakutanga kwebasa remuverengi, anofarira nhetembo neA. Akhmatova naB. Pasternak. Usafunga kuti yakange isina zvishoma kumutauro weRussia. Zhuravlyov ari kunyatsodzidza mamwe mabasa kunze kwenyika, uye munguva pfupi iye ane zvidzidzo zvake zvaanoda, izvo anofara achidzokorora kune vakashamisika vateereri. Zvaaifarira zvaisanganisira mabasa aP. Merimee naG. Maupassant. Akazvikudza achiverenga nhetembo dzevanhu venguva yake: E. Bagritsky, V. Tikhonov, A. Tvardovsky, E. Evtushenko naA. Voznesensky.

Gore ra1930 rakanga rakakosha kuna Dmitry Nikolaevich, sezvo akanga achitaura nehurongwa hwake: Pushkin's Bronze Horseman, Mayakovsky's The Full Voice, Matreshischa, M. Zoshchenko, Sol, Uye E. Babel naBhobok F. FM Dostoevsky muImba yeVanyori. Mugore rakabudirira 1931 zvishoma nezvishoma unova gore rakaenzana rinofadza rekuita basa. Kwaiva muna 1931 kuti tenzi weshoko rekugadzira anopa hurukuro yake yokutanga muDzimba Duku reMoscow State Conservatory inonzi PI Tchaikovsky "Ijipiti Nights" ne "Autumn".

Muna 1937, akatora nzvimbo yechipiri mumakwikwi ekutanga kweUnited of reciters. Paakapedza neizvi, pakarepo anozviratidza semukanakisi wemafirimu akanaka uye akatarisa mufirimu "Journey to Arzrum." Mu tepi iyo inobata basa raAlexander Pushkin. Kutarisa nekuongororwa kwevatsoropodzi nevaya vanoita mafirimu, akakwanisa kunyatsotarisana nebasa racho.

Nenguva isipi muongorori ane tarenda anowanikwa mubasa reyo soloist weMoscow Philharmonic. Panguva ino mu repertoire yake inotanga kuoneka uye inokunda AP Chekhov. Anoverenga nyaya dzake uye nyaya nemufaro chaiwo. Vateereri vanonzwa izvi uye vanofara nekutsaurira kwemuverengi kumabasa avo. Muna 1954 akasika purogiramu itsva, iyo yakazara zvakakwana nebasa raAnton Chekhov. Pashure pemakore gumi akareba, mushure mokuzadzwa kwemabasa emunyori uyu, Dmitry Nikolaevich ane chido chitsva - M. Yu Lermontov. Mugore rimwe chete iye anosika purogiramu yaLermontov mune zvikamu zviviri.

Vanotanga kumubata noruremekedzo rukuru. Uyu munhu anokunda mwoyo yevanhu vanongoteerera chete, asiwo "cream" yevanhu. Anotanga kuona, uye munguva pfupi anova muwaniri wezvirongwa zvakawanda. Zano remuenzi wacho rinonyatsoteerera uye rinonyatsocherechedzwa.

Pakupedzisira, mushure memakore ane gumi, tarenda yake semuverengi yakapiwa Stalin Prize. Ichi chaive chiitiko chinokosha muupenyu hweDmitry Nikolaevich. Chimwe chiyero chakasvika, munhu wacho akaziva kuti aikoshesa uye akacherechedza. Pashure pacho, anotanga kutsvaga kuzvidzora mune mamwe maindasitiri.

Teaching field

Akarumbidzwa Anyanzvi weU.SR akazvipira makore makumi maviri emabasa ake ekudzidzisa pakudzidzisa. Kubva muna 1955 kusvikira muna 1975 akashanda kuti abatsire vadzidzi paMoscow Art Theater School yainzi Nemirovich-Danchenko. Muna 1971 akazova mudzidzisi we studio.

Izwi remakonti

Iyi nguva yehupenyu hwake inokoshawo mune zvekuti vhidhiyo yevanhu iri kunyatsoziva chigadzirwa chitsva. Inzwi remakororo harimuunzira mufaro chete, asiwo kufarira. Ari kuita basa iri kubva muna 1964 kusvika muna 1967. Munguva ino anokwanisa kutaura mafirimu mana ane mafirimu ("Lefty", "Sezvo murume mumwe wevakuru vakuru vaviri achidya", "Enda ikoko, handizivi kuti", "Tale of the giant giant").

Memory

Chiitiko, kushingaira uye tarenda yakaisvonaka yaDmitry Nikolayevich yakafurira zvizvarwa zvakawanda zvevadzidzi. Vanhu vanonzwika nemabasa ake. Zano ra tenzi rinokosha mazuva ano zvisati zvasati zvaitika. Mukuwedzera, vaverengi vakawanda vanozivikanwa vanodzidza kuZhuravlev's. Pakati pavo A. Kutepov, Yu. Shishkin, I. Chizhov nevamwe.

Nokuda kwehupenyu hwake hwakaoma Dmitry Zhuravlyov - mutambi, mutungamiriri uye muverengi, akakwanisa kunyora nekunyora mabhuku mashomanana - "Mharidzo pamusoro peunyanzvi hwemuverengi" uye "Upenyu. Art. Misangano. " Izvo zvinenge zvisina matarenda akaenzana naDN Zhuravlev. Muzana remakore rapera, idzi dzaiva zvikwata - zvikwereti, zvakawana zvose nekuoma uye kutsungirira. Mune mamwe mazwi, vakatevera nzira imwechete yakadai semufananidzo. Uye munguva yedu ino unyanzvi hwekuverenga, pakuzvidemba kukuru, zvakarasikirwa nekukosha kwayo.

Nyika ino munhu ane tarenda zvikuru akasiyiwa mumwedzi unopisa waJuly 1991. Guva rake rinogona kuwanikwa mumakuva eTroekurov muMoscow. Pamusoro pazvo unogona kugara uchiona mabhuku matsva emaruva anowanzounzwa nevaya vanoyeuka, vanoonga uye vanovada.

Mukuwedzera pamashoko ake, kuverenga uye inzwi rinoshanda, Dmitry Nikolayevich akasiya imwe pfuma - mwanasikana wake ND Zhuravlev. Haana kukanganisa baba vake uye akaratidza kuti anofanirwa kunzi mwanasikana wemunhu ane tarenda akadaro. Iye zvino Natalia Dmitrievna ishamwari yakakodzera yeRussian Federation.