Zvisikwa zvemhuka: sei bere richiwira muchando

Pane imwe nguva, mabhuru madonhwe ezvisikwa akawanda. Pakati pavo maive mhuri nemapoka. Iye zvino isu takasiya chete kupatsanurwa kunobva pane nzvimbo. Vanhu vazhinji vane pfungwa yekuti nei bere richiwira muchando. Asi zvinonzwisisika kunzwisisa kana vese "klabhu-yechitsika" inowanzoita izvi? Zvichida munzvimbo dziri kumaodzanyemba kune mhuka dzinomuka gore rose?

Zvinhu zvakasiyana

Bhere bhuruni mhuka huru. Vanhu vanogara munzvimbo yeEurope yekondinendi, vanosvika 1.4 - 2 m uye inorema kusvika 400 kg. Nyeredzi dzeKamchatka neAlaska dzinogona kuenzana kusvika 1000 kg. Chirume chakadai, chichikwira pamakumbo ayo, chinowedzera kusvika mamiriyoni matatu.

Muviri webhebhu wemavara ane simba. Musoro wakakura, ane maziso mashoma nenzeve, hupamhi hwepamusoro, hunofu hunorema, nzvimbo yakareba uye muswe mutsva - chimiro chechimiro chebhebhu yakaoma . Mavara (kusvika kusvika 10 cm murefu) pamasimba ane simba ane mavhiri mashanu haafaniri kuvanza.

Misoro mhuka dzakaoma. Kana zvichidikanwa, kwechinguva chiduku kuve nekukurumidza kusvika kusvika 40-50 km / h. Zvipingamupinyi zvemvura zvinokunda nyore nyore. Kuvanza mumuti kubva kubheta rakatsamwa hakuzoshandi.

Mukudya kwavo, zvokudya zvezvirimwa zvinowedzera (ne ¾). Chokutanga kune majiroji, majeko, marimu, midzi uye tubers yemiti, uyewo majekwe ayo ane mvura. Icho chinhu chinonyanya kushanda pakunzwisisa kuti nei bere richiwira muchando mu nguva yakaoma. Kana iri yevaravara, ruvara rukuru ruvara. Mumvuri wenguvo inogona kunge yakasiyana zvakasiyana kunyange kune vanhu vanogara munzvimbo imwechete (kubva kumatsvuku, akachena-grey uye gris kuti tsvuku-tsvuku).

Lifestyle

Nyerere dzinotsanangura ndima yavo uye dzinogadzirisa miganhu nemashizha. Zvinotendwa kuti vanorarama vari vega, kunyange zvazvo vanogona kuita kuti vanhu vafambe vachienda kunotsvaka nzvimbo dzakakodzera yekudyisa. Mumazuva echinyakare ivo vari kutsvaga glades, apo chando chinowira uye pasi rinowedzera nokukurumidza. Munguva yebasa dendere vanogona kubva musango remasango kunotanga nzvimbo. Panguva yekuchera vanoita zvikwereti kune nzizi dzekuvhima hove mumvura isina mvura.

Asi havakwanise kutamira kumaodzanyemba kwemazuva echando-ichi ndicho chimwe chikonzero chakanaka chekunzwisisa nei mabhesi achiwira muhubernation munguva yechando. Vanotungamira mararamiro ehupenyu uye vanomanikidzwa kudzokera kunzvimbo dzetsika. Nekuuya kwekuvhura, zviri kuoma zvakaoma kuwana chikafu-kuti uwane nzira yekumirira kunze kwechando.

Chikonzero nei mbongoro dzinovata muhomwe

Iko kukwanisa kurara mumvura inotonhora kunewo mimwe yemhuka. Nenzira, kwete nguva yechando bedzi inokonzera hibernation. Munzvimbo yerenje, makirani maduku anogona kupinda mukutambudzika uye muzhizha, munguva yekusanaya kwemvura. Pasi pemamiriro akashata, dormancy isina kurongeka inogona kuramba iripo kusvikira pakupedzisira.

Bhere reBrown haigoni kuwana nguva yakadai yezororo. Nguva yehubernation inogona kuenzana kubva pamwedzi 2 kusvika kumwedzi 6. Asi dzimwe nguva inoguma nekuwedzera, kana mamiriro ezvinhu achidikanwa. Paakabvunzwa kuti nei bhiri dhuoni rinopinda muhubernation, uye harina kuchengetedza mashizha emidzi, nuts uye majeko echando, zvakaoma kupindura. Sezviri pachena, anofarira kuachengetedza nenzira yemafuta anoiswa pasi-akavimbika, uye anodziya.

Inofanira kunzwisiswa zvakajeka nei chibwe ichi chichizadza. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nekunyanya kukosha. Nenzira iyi chete mhuka dzinogona kupona munguva yechando. Panguva imwecheteyo, zvinofanira kuonekwa kuti vanhu vanogara kumaodzanyemba kwemaodzanyemba vane nheyo yakakwana yekudyara vanogona kuita pasina nguva yekugara kwegore rose.

Izvo zvakakoshawo kupedzisa nhema pamusoro pekukwanisa kwemabhesi kuti inywe mapepa avo uye saka vadye munguva yechando. Iyi tsika, sezvinonzi nyanzvi dzinoti, yakabatana nehukuru hwekunyungudzwa kwematombo emabhere. Ganda rakasviba kubva kwavari panguva yekugara muimba iyo inodzima. Izvi zvinokonzerwa nokushaikwa kwekutama uye mutoro. Ganda recheche uye rinotapira pamvura inotonhora. Saka, inomupisa nemhepo yekufema uye kunyorera rurimi rwavo.

Cranks: nei bere richirara muchando

Chii chinoitika kana iwe ukamutsa chikara mugomba? Kubwinya kwemabhesi hakunze. Mhuka inonetseka ichamuka uye inokwanisa kukurumidza kukurumidza kuitika pangozi kana kuchinja kamwe kamwe mumamiriro ezvinhu. Sezvo mutemo, bheya rinomutswa rinotarisa dheni idzva kana gumbo rekare risina kukodzera kurara.

Muchiitiko ichocho, nei bhandi yakabhururuka ichiwira muhubernation munguva yechando zvakare, pane kungomirira mutambo? Iyi ndiyo nzira inonyanya kuponesa. Asi kune mamiriro ezvinhu apo, nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, mhuka haidyi mafuta akakwana panguva yezhizha. Haikwanise kureva nhema mumugwagwa munharaunda iyi kusvikira gore. Nzara inokumanikidza kuti ubve muhari uye uende kundotsvaka zvokudya. Korenev, nuts, acorns uye zvimwe zvokudya kwaari pasi pechando hazvigone kuwanikwa. Nzira chete yekurarama nayo ndeyekuita mhuka.

Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, bheya rinosarudza kurwisa mhuka dzisina simba uye kunyange zvikara. Akagadzirira kutora mhuka kubva kumhumhi nemakava, kune chitunha. Anokwanisa kupinda munzvimbo dzakapoteredzwa, akaparadza mapairi, kurwisa zvipfuwo nevanhu. Kusangana nemunhu ane bhemberi nheyo-nhovo inopera kunogona kuguma kusuruvara - izvi zvinofanira kuyeukwa uye kunzwisiswa.