Zvombo: asi caliber .300 Win. Mag.

Caliber .300 Win. Mag. - katuriji kuti zvechiuto uye kuvhima nepfuti. nevakawanda Very uye ikozvino. Zita mudimbudzirwa shanduro .300 Winchester Magnum.

zvisikwa

The American kambani "Winchester" kwakatanga katuriji ichi kuti kuvhima zvinangwa ari kure 1963 yatorwa sezvikonzero kuBritain nerokuti H & H kambani. zvombo ichi atova wechina chisikwa mamirire chimiro: chiduku poyasoobraznym thickening zviri liner pakudzika.

Kazhinji, pfungwa kunovhima cartridges simba caliber vachiridzira siyana yambokurukurwa anoonga kwaita zvombo kuti safari mu Africa. A kanoda shanduka cheni akatora caliber .300 Win. Mag. pamwe .223 Remington, 3, 0-06 Springfield uye .308 Winchester.

musika kurwa

The Western 60-70s nyika inogona kurondedzerwa se ane maoko rudzi pakati kumusoro caliber. Pakutanga, nechekare zvakanaka yakasimbiswa "magnumskim" vanoitisana kuti "Remington" akakwanisa kuramba mudanga achitungamirira chinzvimbo pamisika kusvikira vari kusundwa Roy Weatherby yakatanga maviri caliber zvizere "Magnum" Kirasi: 338-378 Weatherby Magnum uye 224 Weatherby Varmintmaster.

Race kusvika kare kutaurwa kambani "Winchester" kushivirira kutengeswa caliber. 300 Winchester Magnum. Pano zvakare zvinoratidzika chete nhare akunda mukurumbira pasi pose.

Makore mashanu akazotevera, boka rake vachaedza inodarika kuti Remington Arms Company aine katuriji caliber .350 Remington Magnum, somugumisiro ezvokutengeserana iyo kufarira "bhanhire vanoitisana" magnumovskogo mhando akawira zvishoma.

Asi izvozvo yawedzera zvakare nokuuya pamusoro '70s kambani A-Square, akasuma nyika mabara itsva uye calibers: 500, 416, 495, uye 460. The kambani anoramba mutungamiri pamisika dzakawanda kwemakore makumi matatu. Yavo chaiyo chimiro yakasiyana zvombo bara zvokomara ne (substantially kumativi) magumo uye vakawanda guru - 32 magiramu. Zvarakanyorerwa guru chaizvo African mutambo. Hunting katuriji akanzi "vanamwari vatatu vatatu."

Zvombo kunovhima: kumeso uye kwete chete

Famous "ramazana matatu" akawana mukurumbira zvikuru uye ndinoonga nepfuti kugadzirwa kunyanya kwaari. Akadai se "Winchester pfuti" 70 ndipo uye 700 fung womuenzaniso. mumwe katuriji kwakadaro yave kushandiswa zvikuru munyika anovhima mhuka yairema makirogiramu 300-500 (nondo, mhuka musii, bheya kana Elk).

Kana toreva African Safari, kunyanya kushandiswa pamusoro zvayo uye zvikara makuru akaita nemakarwe uye mbada. Uyewo caliber .300 Win. Mag. Akaratidza kuva chakanakisisa mumakomo, apo ruzhinji pfuti dzinoridzwa zvakaitwa madaro marefu.

7,62 caliber bara uye ruoko pamwechete vanoumba nouchapupu Vhoriyamu vakati "magnumovsky" nhare. Kubatana Izvi zvinobatsira kuti kutanga velocity vanenge 1000 m / s. Kana tikaenzanisa pamwe dzekare analogue zvakafanana caliber, Win. Mag. ane uwandu zvakanakira: yakakwirira mwero rakarurama moto uye zvakananga vachiridzira bara nenhunzi zvikuru mberi.

Chero ano zvombo kuvhima (chechetere kana kwete), kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakadai anozivikanwa makambani se "Mauser", "Winchester", "Remington", "Browning" (uye kwete chete) akakodzera caliber .300 Win. Mag.

.300 Winchester Magnum kuna Navy

Pasinei pachena vezvokutengeserana nezvemabatiro kugadzirwa zvombo, katuriji vakawana mukurumbira munyika mapfuranhunzi zviumbu vehondo, zvemukati mauto uye chaiwo mabasa kuUnited States nedzimwe nyika dzakawanda.

Pakutanga kubva uchishanda zvakanaka kunze akarasika kushanda caliber 7 mm kubva "Remington". Around ari 80s US Naval rengarava kupa mutsva caliber zvombo, zvamakange kushandisa kuti akavhiyiwa zvechiuto uye zviitiko zvemitambo. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti kutsiva stale ivhu pamusoro kupfuura simba uye ano zvombo a, iyo ichiita zvose zvinodiwa uye zvinodiwa mutengi.

Sezvo katuriji akatotanga panguva iyoyo yaishandiswa nevakawanda (uye, saka zvakanga zvisiri nyore kuwana), kuti zvaida caliber pfuti aigona nyore kushandiswa hondo zvinangwa, akasarudzwa caliber .300 Win. Mag. (Mu mm ndiye 7,62 X 66 maererano European Cartrige Research Association). Uyewo, basa rinokosha reDare chinhu kuti ivhu dzave kushandiswa makwikwi uye zvakashanda zvakanaka.

Tichifunga zviri pamusoro apa, apo vaviri madhipatimendi uto iri Navy (masimba chaiwo Zvikepe uye zvikwata kuitawo kupfura makwikwi) kufarira katuriji itsva.

"Bara" kuedza

Kuti aponese zvinhu pfuti cartridges zvakagadzirirwa zvakafanana muenzaniso madhipatimendi vose. » и М86, а также «Ремингтон 700». Sezvo zvombo vakasarudzwa pfuti "McMillan M83 'uye M86, uyewo" Remington 700 ".

Kwakasarudzwa kubudisa batch mangé cartridges. 300 Win. Mag. pamwe mitambo mhando HPBT mabara achirema 11 magiramu kuti upfu uye Rp15. Nokuti basa nayo akatora boka Federal Cartridge Company. Muna 1988, miedzo zvakaratidza kusingagutsi results: refu daro zvombo vakaita asina kugadzikana chaizvo.

Ipapo chikamu zvokushandisa vakasarudza kuzodzosera kushongedzera mabara zvishoma kwakanyanya - anenge 12 magiramu (185 mukuru, kuti ave nokubata, Grand - zvisingachashandi rokureva gobvu akaenzana avhareji bhari zviyo panguva). Migumisiro vaiva zvinokurudzira. Asi gare gare, kana akaita miedzo yakawanda zvakadzama, yakarurama maitiro havana kundosangana wakatarwa basa, pasinei simba chokupika kwokutanga velocity uye daro kwepfuti.

zvimwe zvidzidzo

Around kuguma nyanzvi 1980 kubva US Navy vakasvika pakugumisa kuti mhango diki mumhino ari bara mhando HPBT haiiti kuti nokuwedzera Inlet uye ballistic kuita kuchinja nani. Nechekare mukutanga nineties dzine cartridges bara muna 7,62 magiramu 10 dzave pamutemo kubvumirwa kushandiswa nemasoja akavanda mukurwa.

Pakuzadzisa ari katuriji rave kwakavakirwa akagamuchira mharidzo yacho yemitambo, asi ane bara muna 12 magiramu. Mhando upfu blends, vakazvisunga vakaratidza vakawanda kubudirira - Re22 uye Re19. New experimental kwepfuti cartridges. 300 Win. Mag. zvinobudirira vakapfuura miedzo uye zvinodiwa kwavari vava hwaro itsva chombo Specification.

Total zvino Federal muna 1992 dzakasaina chibvumirano nokuda kwezvifananidzo zvaAtemisi vakawanda batch zvombo zvitsva, uye papera gore imwe caliber idzva .300 Win. Mag. Rakazoshandiswa kuti dzinokosha mauto ari US Navy. Saka The yaiwana muenzaniso akawana zvombo chokuguma Mk 248 Mod 0.

Uye ndizvozvo?

Asi "vatsvakurudzi" aishanda nesimba haana kugumira ipapo. Munguva kuvandudzika ari muenzaniso siyana bara kutiza yakawedzera kubva 1100 kusvika 1370 mamita. Paivawo akapa zvakanakisisa kuramba gusts kwemhepo uye mukuru pakusimba maitiro pamusoro kuvesa yacho propellant vebasa. Somugumisiro - shomanana zvomoto kana chigadzirwa akapfura pfuti.

Somugumisiro rinobva bara nhare magiramu 14 (220 zviyo), kuti caliber. 300 Win. Mag, uye muenzaniso ainzi Mk 248 Mod 1 -., By muenzaniso yapfuura womuenzaniso.

Mitambo divi nyaya

Kukura machisi zvombo kwakanga zvikuru pakutanga kuma1960, President Eyzenhaueer sapamazuva dzakawanda makwikwi vaitungamirira nzvimbo inogarwa miseve USSR. Nokuti basa rakasikwa zvakanakisisa Vapfuri chikwata wanunurwa. The chirongwa nokukurumidza nemigumisiro - US chikwata vakakunda goridhe Medals anenge matanhatu.

Nokufamba kwenguva, zvishoma nezvishoma, "yokuzviparadzanisa zvakanakisisa Vapfuri 'mabasa zvachinja. Kwakasarudzwa kudzidzisa mauto muzvikamu sniping. Gare gare, akanga avepo kuva nzira yehondo uye munhu zvombo.

Pokumuka vamapoka zvombo zvakadaro, kutanga inopiwa kambani "Winchester" uye "Remington". It kunobereka dzakasiyana-siyana experimental okunatsiridza pamutemo ne makambani uye artisanal nzira. Asi pakupedzisira I aitanga akatotanga vaudzewo caliber .300 Win. Mag. pamwe mitambo mabara gobvu kugadzirwa.

Bundeswehr

On the German Armed Forces caliber .300 Win. Mag. Akaita zvakawanda muna 1997 pamwe G22 nepfuti mukugadzira British.

Muna Bundeswehr ane marudzi maviri zvombo kuti caliber ichi:

• munhuwo cartridges bara yairema 13 magiramu;
• The dzokurwa kuboora bara aine uremu 12.8 magiramu, kuva tungsten core.

Armed mapurisa vose-metal bara cartridges 10 magiramu kurema, akaronga kuti kupfura kuburikidza girazi. Nemhaka ayo rinokosha, asi goko havazotadzi kurwa ehupfumi pashure nomunyika girazi uye asingauyi achiona deformation.

The vanamwari vatatu vatatu kuti A-Square

Zvakakosha kutsanangura ichi US boka, rwakazokura nomukurumbira nokuti kujairika chimiro kugadzirwa cartridges se carbine "Winchester" uye kuvhima pfuti umwe boka.

Chief ideologist, muvambi uye yokuvaka kuti zvombo mutsetse uri US Army Colonel Arthur Elfin. Kuva zvikuru vanonyatsokwanisa muchiuto nyanzvi, Arthur akasarudza kutamira ayo mutyairi mabasa pamusoro pakusika nemamwe zvombo zvehondo nemambure.

Kuedza kusika pachake oga cartridges yavo kunovhima rakatanga mukupera 1960. Uye pashure pemakore gumi, mupurisa akamisa yake katuriji kambani.

Zvombo mutsetse akanzi "vanamwari vatatu vatatu" sezvo akaita mhando nhatu avo:

• gomara bara hwakasimba nendarira (Monolithic Solid);
• poluobolochennye (Vakafa-Tough) makobvu kuifukidza zvendarira;
• bara ane nhete goko (Lion Load).

Huru zvinangwa, izvo vakateverera yokuvaka - kusikwa rinorema kunovhima zvombo kuti anogona kupindira rizere tsandanyama rinenge makuru chayabata kuburikidza vachiridzira ari chinhambwe 200 kusvika 300 metres.

Bara Monolithic Hwakasimba zvakasikwa kubva Masvomhu kukuvara perimwe nhengo iri pasi gobvu tsandanyama rinenge mapfupa akasimba uye ganda gobvu, mhuka dzakadai nyati, Rhino kana nzou. Pfuti "Winchester" kushongedzera mabara kwakadaro, wakanzi "Slonoboyka".

Zvombo mhando Vakafa-Tough anopa zvose Qualitative kupinda namatehwe mutambo, uye Kuziviswa ari bara rava mukati. Rakagadzirirwa nondo uye dzimwe mhuka.

Shumba Takudzai The zita anotaura roga - kuti kuvhima mhuka pamwe dzakaonda ganda - shumba, ingwe uye dzimwe carnivores yacho katsi mhuri.

The kambani inopa zvakawanda mishonga kuti kuvhima. Sezvo mabara kuparadzanisa kubva cartridges uye vakagadzirira-akaronga zvombo. The yokupedzisira, uyewo, kuti kuchiita nhamba okunatsiridza kwemakore.

Nokukurumidza A-Square uye akatanga kusunungura yayo mutsetse wokuvhima nepfuti, iyo inobva carbine uye pfuti "Winchester". Chokwadi, zvose akatengesa pasi zvizivikanwe katuriji mugadziri.

With kuwedzerwa vanopfuura 40 yokutevedzera pamusoro nguva yokufunga cartridges. Latest utsanzi kambani hwakatangwa muna 2004 - Chuck "magnumovskogo mhando" .400 A-Square DPM.

Nokuda nematambudziko zvemari, muna 2011 boka havasisipo, tichisiya imwe zvisingafi maka kare.

mhedziso

Kazhinji, zvinokosha kuziva kuti mune ano akakurumbira mutsika shoko "Magnum" nepfuti-mhando pfuti chinorehwa Smith & Wesson Company pasi katuriji 500 caliber kana "Wembongoro Python" caliber 357. Kuderera - Desert Eagle, akagamuchira rakapfupikiswa zita "Deagle".

Saka, muna Russian yepaTV "SWAT" mishandled yokuchengetera zvinhu magandanga mumiriri anobvunza mukuru yokuchengetera zvinhu: "A" Magnum "ndizvo?", Uko anogamuchira mhinduro: "" Magnum "guru, kusagadzikana, zvakaoma kuvanda pasi bhachi. Kwete. "

Chokwadi, hakusi pamusoro cartridges "magnumovskogo" mhando.

Zvakaoma kuziva rekutanga nguva akashandisa shoko. Zvinozivikanwa kuti rokuti MAGNUM kunzi midziyo chikuru chewaini pakupera ari XVIII remakore (kubva muchiLatin Magnus -. A guru, guru). Uye munyika mimhanzi Vanyori ounyanzvi vakaishevedza magnum opus, kuti asimbise ukuru pechikomo uye mabasa okusika rakanyorwa.

Chete ari XIX remakore munyika zvombo kokutanga aiyangarara rokuti hombe caliber zvombo. Somugumisiro, paiva katuriji .300 Win. Mag.