A mwoyo vharafu: kuvhiyiwa kuti kutsiva uye zvinoita chirwere

Mwoyo yevanhu in mana. Mumwe nomumwe wavo kwakabatana kuburikidza chaiwo makomba - mavharuvhu. Vanofanira kutenderedza ropa kuti masero zvakaenzana. In zvirwere zvomwoyo mavharuvhu, zvinoda rubatsiro cardiologist. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, kurambidza zvokurwara, kuvhiya kunokosha. Zvirwere Yepasi midziyo zvinotungamirira kweropa kukundikana. Kana pasina zvinoitwa, asi zvokurwara kunogona kutungamirira kurufu.

Chii mwoyo vharafu?

Heart mavharuvhu inodiwa kuitira mumwe-nzira ropa pari kubva muchitokisi chimwe. Zvinosanganisira ane rukoko chomukati muviri - the endocardium. Cardiac vharafu anoshanda hwindo pakati in. Pamusana kwaari, ropa runoyerera kubva mukamuri rimwe sezvo zvakafanira. Valvular midziyo ine zvinotevera:

1. The annulus fibrosus.
2. Muscle rinenge uye nebhanhire.
3. Chord.

zvivako izvi varipo mune mavharuvhu zvose. Fibrotic mhete uye partitions pakati in dzinoumba mwoyo puranga. Iye chinomiririrwa kwakavharwa nenyama uye collagen batana fibers. The vharafu ichibhabhamisa zvinokosha kuti nechokwadi Huro yaro panguva systole. Ropa huchikandwa kubva kumusoro-nevezera mukamuri mwoyo kune mumwe. Kuti haina aivhengana, vharuvhu ichibhabhamisa nguva slam. Chord - a connective tishu zvisungo. Ivo rinobatanidza vharuvhu kune papillary tsandanyama nomwoyo. basa ravo - achivimbisa kuti arambe achirema pakati pamikova.

Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana moyo mavharuvhu

Kune 2 mhando mavharuvhu vakanga atrioventricular uye semilunar. First - kupa interconnection pakati pamakamuri. Semilunar mavharuvhu zvinokosha kuti tirambe kwakakodzera ropa riyerere huru midziyo mwoyo - yeropa uye pulmonary tsinga. Pakazosvika atrioventricular mawindo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera marudzi mavharuvhu:

1. Mitral.
2. Tricuspid.

Mitral mwoyo vharafu rinobatanidza kuruboshwe atrium uye ventricle. Inoitwa 2 mapapiro. Tricuspid vharafu iri pamuganhu mwoyo yakarurama makamuri. Kusiyana kuruboshwe atrioventricular okusuma, ine ichibhabhamisa matatu. Ropa pumped kubva pamoyo zvose midziyo womuviri, inoda kutsemuka mwoyo vharuvhu. Rine 3 pazvirugu: kurudyi, kuruboshwe uye shure. Panovhurwa pulmonary hunde unongoda panguva nzira yokubudisa kubva kurudyi atrium. Kuti kushanda zviduku kufamba kweropa, zvinokosha kuona nokubata mavharuvhu zvose. Kukuvara mumwe wavo kunotungamirira mwoyo kutadza.

Zvirwere vharuvhu midziyo

Valvular mwoyo mavharuvhu vangagara makuvaro siyana. Mune zvimwe zviitiko zvakaipa maumbirwo mumwena pakati pamakamuri. Izvi zvinoratidza kuvapo vachiberekwa malformations zvomwoyo, ayo yakaumbwa panguva bogmærke nhengo iri mudumbu. For anomalies vakadaro dzinosanganisira:

1. Ventricular septal urema.
2. Patent ductus arteriosus.
3. Atrial septal urema.
4. Kutsemuka uye pulmonic stenosis.

Kuwedzera vharuvhu zvikanganiso inogona kuchengetwa aienda huru nemidziyo ropa, ravo chakaipa nzvimbo, hapana makamuri mwoyo, uye zvichingodaro .. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, akaonekwa mubatanidzwa anoverengeka zvakaipa.

Zvirwere vharuvhu midziyo inogona kuwanikwa. Ivo musiwa pakanyorwa chisingaperi pazvirwere mwoyo chirwere, systemic anogumbura kwendangariro. Huru zvikonzero paumbwe urema zvinosanganisira: endo- uye myocarditis, rheumatic fivha, atherosclerosis, etc. By vawana zvinetso zvinosanganisira stenosis uye insufficiency kuti mavharuvhu ... zvirwere izvi kakawanda vari panoonekwa muvarwere vaduku uye repakati.

Zvairatidza kunorapwa

Kana kutaurirana pakati cardiac in yaputswa, anofanira kutsiva mwoyo vharafu. The oparesheni chichabatsira kudzivisa chitange kweropa kukundikana. Kuvhiya kwakadaro - ichi haisi nzira kuti chete kuita kana mamwe marapiro musamutsa kushanda. Pane zvinotevera zvairatidza kuti kuvhiyiwa:

1. Ataurwa vharafu insufficiency. Inozivikanwa munyika kuti mashizha simba uye nyore extensible.
2. Stenosis of vharuvhu. Zviri kuderedza mawindo pakati mumakamuri mwoyo.

Prosthetics rinoitwa muzviitiko apo vharuvhu iri zvinorwadza havachanyatsogoni zvinyama nokudzosa Chimiro hazvibviri. Kazhinji, rinenge kuchengetwa varwere zvikuru stenosis. Kuvhiya kurapwa zvinokosha kana murwere zviratidzo mwoyo nokukundikana vari chirwere chakakomba. Zviratidzo izvi ezvinhu zvinosanganisira: kupfupika kufema panguva zororo, syncope, angina. Uyewo, yaitsiva vharuvhu anobudiswa kana waro gomba iri kujekesa anopfuura 50% uye zvishoma pane 1 cm. Prosthesis anoita mu Muzviitiko apo pane calcification pakati mapepa kana papillary tsandanyama.

Chii chinokonzera mwoyo vharafu insufficiency?

Valve insufficiency hwapedyo pamusoro pakanyorwa chirwere chemwoyo. It kunotungamirira kuchinja ropa kuyerera uye regurgitation - harungashandurwi kusiyiwa. Kutadza rokuongorora kana mwoyo vharuvhu haavhariri zvachose. Panyaya iyi, namashizha havazodi kwakavharwa nenyama. Kazhinji, zvakafanana kutsemuka uye mitral vharafu.

Kuti asimbise moyo kuita valvuloplasty. In chakakomba zviitiko, vharafu prosthesis. Kutsemuka insufficiency inotungamirira kudzoka ropa akandwe ventricle kuruboshwe. Somugumisiro kamuri ichi mumoyo zvishoma nezvishoma anowedzera uye anorasikirwa contractility kwayo. Kukundikana of mitral vharuvhu kunoratidzwa ne regurgitation ropa mukati mhango pakati atrium kuruboshwe. Mumwe nomumwe pathologies izvi kungaita kuti mwoyo kutadza.

Types Kuvhiya

Zvakadini kana hunenge mwoyo vharuvhu? The oparesheni rinoitwa vanenge nemuumbi dysfunction muviri. Kana mwoyo kukundikana kuri ndanyarara hangu, kumwe kurapa. Zvirwere vharuvhu midziyo havasi zvairatidza prosthetics hazvo. Mune zvimwe zviitiko dambudziko inogona kubviswa pasina pakatanga yacho batanidza. For maoparesheni pamusoro mwoyo zvinosanganisira zvinotevera:

1. Chibharuma valvuloplasty. Vachengeterwe wokukudza kujekesa vharuvhu stenosis.
2. Annuloplasty. Zviri kudzorera pamatanda achishandisa vharafu rutsigiro mhete. The chiratidzo nokuda oparesheni iri kuwedzera mugomba pakati pamakamuri anokonzerwa kukundikana.
3. Prosthetic mwoyo vharafu - rinoitwa vanenge zvakakanganisika calcification pamusoro mapepa.

Pakusarudza Kuvhiya kunoenderana kwokuomerwa ndiko kuremara, zera uye mukuru ezvinhu omurwere.

chidobi valvuloplasty

Shoko rokuti "valvuloplasty" rinoreva zvakasiyana-siyana akavhiyiwa pamusoro mavharuvhu nomwoyo. Kuvhiya kwakadaro rinoitwa sapamazuva vachiberekwa anomalies muviri, uye nyaya vawana kuremara. Valvuloplasty rinoitwa, kana paine stenosis kana insufficiency vharafu pasina kuzotadzira ayo mamiriro. Uyewo, nzira iyi kuvhiya kurapwa rinoitwa pamberi contraindications kuti prosthetics.

Vakawanda cardiac kuvhiyiwa kuti kutsemuka stenosis kana kuruboshwe atrioventricular yokutanga anoonekwa kuti chibharuma valvuloplasty. Inoitwa kudzidzisa chaiyo waya kuburikidza femoral tsinga. Kana chubhu zvasvika vharuvhu yokutanga, chibharumu dzinongoda panguva nokuguma, mhepo iri jekiseni. Zvadaro, anobudisa mushonga zvishoma nezvishoma chinobviswa. The oparesheni rinoitwa pasi pesimba angiography. It haatarisiri vakawanda yokutindivadza, uye batanidza murwere kuti ventilator.

Mune zvimwe zviitiko, stenosis commissurotomy kuita. It iri kutsemuka pamusoro fused mapepa.

Annuloplasty rinoitwa kana vharafu kutadza. The chinoratidza pakuwedzera ichibhabhamisa pasina kukuvadza ari Organic. The chiremba anosarudza imwe saizi rutsigiro mhete inodiwa uye unocherekedza nayo endothelium achishandisa vazvo.

Prosthetic mwoyo vharafu

The oparesheni kutsiva mwoyo vharuvhu anoitwa kuderedza atrioventricular orifice kusvika 1.5 cm kutsemuka -. 1 masendimita kushandisa zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana sezvo prostheses. Mune zvimwe zviitiko, varwere wakasimwa mwoyo mavharuvhu mhuka - nguruve kana mombe. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti ngozi kuramba prostheses akadaro kuvatumwa chakaita zvokugadzirwa zvinhu. Munogonawo ari transplantation kuvhiyiwa pulmonary vharafu panzvimbo dzaparadzwa kutsemuka orifice. A nemaitirwo rinoitwa chete varwere vaduku, sezvo rinoreva zvazviri akaoma maoparesheni.

Upenyu mushure Kuvhiya mwoyo

Pasinei yokuti cardiac Kuvhiya inokurukurwa ngozi, kazhinji ndivo chete nzira kuponesa upenyu hwomunhu. Mushure prosthetic vharuvhu kuramba kudzora ezvinhu omurwere kunoda. Varwere achirapwa Kuvhiya anofanira kutora mushonga upenyu, ropa rive dete. zvinodhaka "Warfarin" rinoreva zvinodhaka zvakadaro. Izvi zvakakodzera kudzivirira paumbwe ropa clots mu hazvizivi vharuvhu.