Academy of Sciences Library: kupi? Description, mirayiridzo

Raibhurari yacho Academy of Sciences - guru kupfungwa kuRussia, kuunganidza mabasa akadhindwa. It rakaumbwa muna 1714 kubudikidza nomurayiro Peter I. Chinangwa chikuru raibhurari iyi Implementation yekuwaniswa mabhuku vagari vose ehurumende, vanoda kuti dzidzo European. Nhasi, masvingo nemasangano vakaramba mabhuku vanenge mamiriyoni maviri.

hwaro

Raibhurari yacho Academy of Sciences riri kuSt Petersburg, musi Vasilyevsky Island. kero yake: Exchange Line, 1 (pedyo kuchiteshi - "Sport"). Asi nhoroondo sangano iri refu. The raibhurari haisi chete kuchinja nzvimbo. Kuvaka zvino anopindura yakavakwa pakutanga World War First.

Mugore nheyo Fund ine mabhuku anopfuura zviuru zviviri. The raibhurari pakutanga riri Summer Palace. Asi makore mana gare gare, musangano kwakamuita kuti Kikin Chambers. Chivako, zvakagadzirirwa mukati Baroque manyorerwo, raibhurari akachingamidza vashanyi ayo okutanga. On Vasilevsky Island chivako hwakatamisirwa forties ari namasere remakore. Asi ipapo yaiva tsaru chivakwa. Chivako chitsva, iro nhasi ndiro yakakwana bhuku Fund wenyika, akatanga kuvaka mukuvamba ramakumi remakore.

Mutungamiriri raibhurari wokutanga aiva Robert Karlovich Areskin uyo akaripira ari raibhurari Ioganna Shumahera. Aifanira kutevera dzose replenishment yacho mari. Schumacher akazova mutungamiriri. Raibhurari yacho Academy of Sciences - zita kushandiswa kupfungwa. Asi payakamera, haina kuzivikanwa.

vashanyi okutanga

Kukoshesa kodzero kushandisa mari mabhuku waiiswa renyanzvi. Asi vamwe vanhu vakadzidza vakashanyira raibhurari. rudzi Izvi chaizvoizvo kusvikira mangwanani manonwe. vaverengi First vakanga zvemberi vanhu mamiriro, dzinova shamwari mambo: Feofan Prokopovich, Athanasius Kondoidi, YV Bruce AI Osterman.

akadhindwa mabhuku Fund pasi Peter ndakanga vanenge zviuru gumi mabhuku. In mabhuku ichi muchiGiriki uye Old kwechiSlavonic mitauro hadzina kufungwa nezvazvo. mabhuku akadai muraibhurari akaramba ari oga muimba. Apo Elizabeth yakavhurwa uye kuwana mabasa aya.

Mashoko pakuvhurwa mumaraibhurari Russian yapararira somoto muEurope yose. Mumwe rokutanga muna zvaainyora akataura mudzidzisi mukuru Denis Diderot.

moto rokutanga

Nyika-akakurumbira raibhurari akapisa katatu. moto wekutanga kwakaitika muna 1747. Nemhaka makore apfuura pamusoro chiitiko, zvishoma zvinozivikanwa. Mumakore iwayo raibhurari yakanga Kunstkammer. Zvinozivikanwa kuti moto akaparadza Gottorp pose uye kuvaka shongwe. Books mumazuva iwayo haana kuchengetwa zvikuru. Uye saka akanga akakuvara, tichienzanisa nekutambira moto diki.

Raibhurari iri XIX remakore

Negore regumi namapfumbamwe remakore yakanga akagadzira chata, maererano izvo Library of Academy of Sciences muSt Petersburg, iri kuongorora kwakatangwa. Training uye dzidzo basa, pasisina kuzadziswa. The bumbiro yechivako chacho chakataurwa zvakanaka zvakajeka. Imwe neimwe mari nguva dzose inofanira yoku-. Kuti kupa raibhurari pamwe shanduro itsva, muparidzi mumwe nomumwe aifanira kutumira mabhuku dzose. With mumwe chinyorwa - mumwe mufananidzo. Kana ichi haina kuzadziswa, vashandi kudhinda akabhadhara yakanaka.

zvivako zvitsva

Pakati pezana remakore rechigumi nepfumbamwe remakore sechikamu sangano vakatanga kuumba mamwe zvedzidzo mumaraibhurari. Pakati pavo paiva bhuku akaunganidzwa pa mumamiziyamu. Varongi uye vatungamiriri vaiva vaitungamirira masayendisiti nguva: L. L. Fleri, EK Berg I. F. Brandt.

Pakazopera rechigumi nemapfumbamwe remakore, imwe Archive of Academy of Sciences Library akatanga kuona kusava nzvimbo. Isa bhuku mari itsva vaiva asiko. Uye nokukurumidza takavaka imba itsva.

Raibhurari iri pakutanga XX remakore

Pakutanga rokupedzisira remakore aizivikanwa kuwedzera vashandi. Uyewo, mari nokuda kutenga mabhuku matsva anobudiswa kubva Treasury, akava mukuru. Zvisinei, kugadziriswa havana kupedzwa. Heating hurongwa akaramba zvikuru shabby. Uye muna 1901 pakava moto, izvo akaparadza vanopfuura chiuru zvakawanda. Zvisinei, ichi chiitiko chinosuruvarisa, wakakurumidza chirongwa kuvakwa chivako chitsva, chirongwa rinopiwa murongedzeri RR Marfeld. Ndicho Chivako anozivikanwa nhasi munyika uye akabata mune vadzidzisi zvuru gumi mabhuku anokosha yesayenzi.

Kuvaka Exchange Street

Raibhurari yacho Russian Academy of Sciences vakanga vaitwa muchivako chitsva muna 1914. Asi munhau kuti kufambira yakati mari yokutama kuti muzvivako zvitsva. vakatanga The hondo. Chivako rakashandiswa sezvakarayirwa Ushumiri Hondo sechipatara kubvisa.

Zvisinei, kuti Library of Academy of Sciences (St. Petersburg) rakaparadzirwa mukurumbira uye simba chesayenzi dzakakwirira. Ndokusaka, pasinei mukuru nyonganyonga uye kuparadzwa munyika, iye achiri vakagamuchira chivakwa chitsva uye zvakare kuva akavimbika dzigare mairi mubhuku kuunganidza uye yamabhuku.

Zvechokwadi Historical zviitiko kukanganiswa kukura raibhurari. Mari vanogara kugamuchira mabhuku echimurenga hunhu. Asi Chikurukuru, mukutanga maviri kuraibhurari vakagamuchira manyoro akawanda, private kuunganidza uye siyana mabhuku ekare dzemamongi, machechi uye mamwe masangano liquidated. Muna 1924 vakawanda mari vakasvika mavhoriyamu vanopfuura mamiriyoni matatu.

Raibhurari muna 1930

Mukutanga thirties Scientific Library of Academy of Sciences yakati kurongwazve. The mari yakanga kukasawedzerwa tichiregeredza mapazi mamwe maguta European kwenyika. Tsika rakaonekwawo dhipatimendi aida kuti kudzorerwa uye kuchengetedza magwaro ekare. Pakati pezana remakore thirties of Academy of Sciences Library une zvinotevera dzakabatana:

• kutora chikamu;
• kugadzira chikwata;
• systematization akatsaurwa;
• dhipatimendi;
• nesayenzi uye Bibliographic dhipatimendi;
• Bazi Moscow.

Raibhurari panguva yokukomba

Raibhurari yacho Academy of Sciences, ane mabhuku inhaka kwesayenzi uye netsika, wakagadzirirwa kubvisa muna July kwemakore makumi mana nerimwe. Asi mberi zvakare nokukurumidza kusvika Leningrad. aisagona atume necheshure. Muna August, mabhuku akawanda kwave vakatamira pasi pasi, akaisa nejecha uye nenyika.

Somugumisiro Mabhomba urwo rwakatora makore maviri, raibhurari kwakavakirwa akatambura zvikuru. Munguva yokukombwa Leningrad iri tsika yakanga vanenge zana nemakumi mashanu vashandi. Vazhinji vavo vafa. Kuverenga makamuri vakaramba kushanda munguva yehondo. Asi vakashanyira vagari dzavo, nezvikonzero pachena, kakawanda. Zvakakwana mabasa tsika rave patsva nokuda gore pamberi Great Victory, kana kubvisa pakupedzisira akakwanisa kudzoka kuna dzose vaverengi uye raibhurari netsvimbo.

Fire 1988

Kupfuura njodzi yakaipisisa munhoroondo raibhurari kwakaitika February 1988. The moto vakaparadza zviuru zvemabhuku uye periodicals. Mukuwedzera, mabhuku akawanda vakatambura pamusana moto anodzima. Various nzira uye unyanzvi zvave kushandiswa aome mabhuku. Ivo aoma uye mhepo inodziya, uye yakakwirira kakawanda dzenzvimbo, uye Vacuum makamuri.

Masayendisiti kuyamura reguta. Zvakanga zvakakodzera kuti vave zvashata nzira kurwisa chakuvhuvhu. Asatapurira fungal idzodzo mari vakakwanisa. Zvisinei, kununurwa akavhiyiwa kwakanga kwakabatana vagari kwete chete, asiwo nyika munharaunda. Zvemari, zvinhu uye midziyo rutsigiro muraibhurari uye Academy of Sciences.

moto ezvinhu

The moto, umo mungozi vaiva zvinokosha Zvivako mutsika pakutanga akafukidza pepanhau Fund. Zvino Manheru namana February. By mangwanani, vemoto akakwanisa localize kwaibva moto. Asi nokukurumidza paiva idzva, nechekare dzimwe mugumo chivakwa. Uye nguva ino moto zvikuru simba zvikuru. An awa Papera, pazvakava pachena kuti moto achapiwa yakanonoka refu, napo zvose Exchange kumugwagwa avharwa. Kupisa okumusoro guva chivakwa. The moto waioneka kunyange kubva zvikuru mumaruwa muguta. Fire akatambanudza asingagoni kuva maawa anopfuura gumi.

Kutaura chokwadi moto aiva tsotsi mhosva. The inokosha shanduro chaiva nechokwadi kuti mumwe mudonzvo - Constantine Butyrkin - zvichipomerwa asina kudzima mudzanga wake nokukanda nayo marara. The fungira anoramba mhosva. Uchapupu mukutonga haana.

Bhaibheri akazviratidza gare gare. Papera mwedzi yakati, nezvechimwe chinyadzo yakatanga muchina. Library mudonzvo kwete chete mhosva kuregeredza, asi kuba mabhuku, uye kunyange dzimba. Kana shanduro harina vaudzewo. Zvisinei, mune nyasha nokufungidzira kuti dzimba ndechokuti moto payakatanga anenge mumitauro miviri yakasiyana zvikamu chivakwa. Nyaya yakavharwa nokushaiwa uchapupu. Asi kunyange nhasi moto chakavanzika excites zhinji. Uchapupu ichi - anoverengeka purogiramu dzeterevhizheni uye anonzi panyaya iyi.

History of chivakwa

House pana Exchange Street, Kuvaka 1, sezvataurwa pamusoro apa, rakavakwa makore matatu asati chimurenga. Chipatara zvechiuto yaiva chivako pakutanga nokuda raibhurari, anopfuura gumi. Atamisa kuti muzvivako zvitsva bhuku Fund yakakamurwa zvinotevera madhipatimendi:

• Asian Museum.
• Institute of necheSalvic Studies.
• Institute mabhuku, zvinyorwa uye tsamba.

Kubvira muna 1960, anopfuura makore makumi maviri kunze kuvakwa zvimwe zvivako.

Nhasi, ari Academy of Sciences Library of Russian Federation ane makopi anopfuura mamiriyoni nemapfumbamwe. Pakati pavo - vose mumhuri uye dzimwe shanduro. The mari iri aigara achiudza. Zvakakanganiswa 1988 moto kuti, zviri zvishoma kukasawedzerwa anoonga rubatsiro nedzimwe nyika raibhurari zvivako. Muna 2007, kuti vavakezve Building hurumende bhajeti mari vakanga dzinounzwa.

Kumutungamiriri BAN

Vakakurumbira vatungamiriri raibhurari vaiva I. D. Shumaher, II Yakovkin, GA Chebotarev. Panguva iyoyo, mutungamiriri Academy of Sciences Library - Mazura Valeriy Pavlovich. Uyu murume akatungamirira BAN 1988.

Mazura itsva pfungwa raibhurari yakanga dzichitaurwa. Scientific mabasa mukuru BAN rinobatanidza kwete chete utungamiriri tsika, asiwo pakugadzirira tsvimbo yesayenzi. Kubva 2002, Mazura ndiye anokudzwa Worker Mutsika kweRussia. Its administrative uye tsvakurudzo mabasa vakagamuchira zvakakwana kupima kwete chete kuRussia asiwo kwose.