Acid mvura: kunokonzera inotungamirwa

Acid kunayisa (mvura) - mumwe okuti, iyo yakatanga somugumisiro maindasitiri.

Kusvibiswa kwemhepo nemvura inonaya iine acid chiitiko

To musi, pane kukurumidza kukura pakati indasitiri: yacho zvekushandisa yepasi kuti pfuma, mafuta combustion, uyewo kugadzirwa kwepurogiramu zvakatipoteredza vainyeperwa rwokugadzira. Izvi zvinozoita kunotungamirira kusvibiswa mhepo, mvura uye nenyika. Mumwe kuratidzwa yakadaro asidhi kunayisa.

Pfungwa asidhi "mvura" yakatanga kutaurwa muna 1872, asi kushanda kwayo awana yechipiri yezana remakore rapfuura. Panguva iyoyo, nemvura inonaya iine acid - idambudziko chakakomba munyika dzakawanda munyika (anenge zvose nyika dzokuEurope uye United States). Zvipenyu zvakagadzira mvura nemepu inoratidza zvakajeka munzvimbo rurefu mukana sediments ngozi.

carbon dioxide inobvisa tigutsikane mudenga

Vasanaiwa nemvura kunoratidzwa pamwero acidity. Under kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu, indekisi ichi vanofanira dzinoenderana kwazvakarerekera padanho ph (kubva 5.6 - 5.7 uye yakakwirira zvikuru). A zvishomanana acidity ndiwo mugumisiro mumhepo pamusoro carbon dioxide. Zvisinei, zviri zvokuti yakaderera kuti unogona kwete kukuvadza kuti zvipenyu. Zvakaratidza kuti zvinokonzera iine acid mvura pamwe mabasa evanhu, dzinongoitika zvinhu havagoni kuzvitsanangura.

The panowanikwa asidhi mvura

The acidic precipitate aumba somugumisiro choutsi emakambani yakawanda senitrogen oxides uye nesarufa oxides.

Zvinotisimbisa kusvibiswa kwakadaro chafariz simba zvinomera, simbi uye simbi kugadzirwa uye pasi chiutsi magasi motokari. rokuchenesa zvemichina ane pasi chaizvo pamwero kuti Sefa haabvumiri senitrogen nesarufa yeimwe, zvichiguma kubva combustion pamusoro peat, marasha nezvimwe mbishi zvakashandiswa ari indasitiri. Kamwe mumhepo, oxides vanobatanidza nemvura somugumisiro siyana vakafurira nechiedza chezuva. Pashure paizvozvo, vanogumburwa sezvo mvura, dzinonzi "iine acid mvura".

Migumisiro asidhi mvura

Masayendisiti vanoti iine acid mvura iri ngozi chaizvo nokuti zvinomera, mhuka uye vanhu. Pazasi ndiyo inokosha ngozi:

- Mvura idzi yekudyidzana kuwedzera acidity zhinji, kana rwizi, dziva kana dura. Somugumisiro, pane kutsakatika dzinongoitika fauna of uye kasvisto. Mararamiro kunochinja reservoirs, ndiye blockage yavo, waterlogging, anowedzera sliminess. Pashure kuchinja izvi mvura kukodzera kushandiswa kwevanhu. It anowedzera uwandu weheavy metal munyu uye zvakasiyana-siyana chepfu yeimwe vari yokuita zvinoitwa microflora pakati dura panguva kwomuzvarirwo ezvinhu.

- Mvura Ava migumisiro kutsakatika chirimwa uye dondo kudzikisirana. Conifers anowana zvikuru. Chokwadi kuti vari yoku- zvishoma nezvishoma mashizha, uye hazviiti kuvapa mukana pakuzvinyengera pakurwara nemvura inonaya iine acid. Masango Young vari kubatwa iyi, uye unhu hwavo iri kukurumidza kuchembera. Kunwisa emadhaka gobvu inosvitsa kuparadzwa kwemasango.

- In Europe uye US nemvura inonaya iine acid - chikonzero chikuru okukohwa murombo, uyewo kutsakatika zvirimwa okurima muminda. Chikonzero zvaparadzwa nhema kwete chete pane kuramba uchinzwa mvura, asi kutyora ivhu mineralization.

- Architectural pazvivako, zvivako siyana uye ezvirevo kutambura nemvura inonaya iine acid. Somugumisiro Fani iyi ngura muitiro wacho nokukurumidza zvikuru, zvigadziriswe vanotadza.

- Dzimwe nguva, iine acid mvura anogona kukonzera irreparable kukuvadza vanhu nemhuka. Kana muri munzvimbo yakawedzera ngozi, vanotanga kunokanganisa rokumusoro kufema turakiti chirwere. Kana mberi, izvozvo nokukurumidza sezvo kunayisa achawira nitrate uye ferrous zvakanyanyisa yakakwirira asidhi wevasungwa. Panyaya iyi, dambudziko upenyu hwavanhu yekudyidzana ichiwedzerwa.

Pakurwisa asidhi mvura

Chokwadi, usafamba rinopesana nechisikirwo - zvisingagoneki kubata fallout. Vachidonhedzera kumunda uye nedzimwe nzvimbo huru, nemvura inonaya iine acid kunokonzera kusingarapiki kwazvinoita, uye anonzwisisa dambudziko iri haako. Hazvina imwe zvikuru kana zvakakodzera kubvisa kwete zvirango zvavo, uye zvinokonzera. Kuti tidzivise paumbwe nemvura inonaya iine acid, unofanira kugara basa nhamba mitemo: ane zvakatipoteredza ushamwari yakachengeteka uye mugwagwa chokufambisa, rinokosha pakuchenesa unyanzvi choutsi, itsva kugadzirwa michina, dzimwe manyuko simba nezvimwe kugadzirwa.

Humanity haasisiri kunzwisisa nezvaanazvo. Tose shandisa risingaperi pfuma yedu, kurisvibisa uye havadi kugamuchira migumisiro. Uye Basa evanhu akatungamirira Earth kuti ezvinhu akadaro. Izvi zvine ngozi zvikuru, nokuti kana tisina kutanga kutarisira yenyu nyika, migumisiro achava nemafashamo.