African Climate wongoramba. Map of okunze zvikamu mu Africa

Nzvimbo yomugariro yacho African kumativi maviri neequator zvikuru kunotema okunze pakati pakona iyi panyika. Hazvina kunyanya dzinopisa, nekuti okunze chando, runowanzoitika unozvidzora latitudes, hakuna. Asi panguva imwe chete okunze bhandi Africa, iyo vakasiyana neequator kuchamhembe nokumaodzanyemba, haagoni kuenzaniswa mumwe. The nemamiriro kondinendi iri vakadaro kuti hemispheres maviri ndiro mapazi akaita pachake zvachiri. Uye kuti vadzidze vemo ekunze uye ayo unhu, nyaya anopa map okunze munyika dzine mu Africa uye tsanangudzo pfupi.

The nenzvimbo nzvimbo kondinendi

The kwakakura Africa ndiyo nyika yechipiri pakukura kondinendi pashure Asia. It okumavirira nyanza zviviri - kuAtlantic uye Indian, kwete vakawanda mumakungwa uye yakaoma. The Geological nemamiriro nyika zvokuti yakafara kwakakura kuchamhembe hemisphere, uye zvishoma zasi. Izvi pamwe chinobata chero okunze munyika dzine mu Africa achiumbwa vamwe munharaunda yayo. Uyewo, kune pamwero mukuru ichi chinobata yomunharaunda nomunzvimbo dzine, kuvapo kasvisto uye miti nemhuka zvakazonaka. Somuenzaniso, kuchamhembe chikamu, apo dzose akafukidzwa kwegore risingapindiki sand, sezvamunoziva, zvinomera uye mhuka dzinenge. Asi rwezasi, apo inopisa manyoro masango kana savanna, kasvisto uye fauna of vari kupfuma, zvinoita sokuti nesu zvose zvayo African ani uye kusiyana.

A tsananguro pfupi, tafura

African Climate mapazi kunotanga Equatorial.

• At razero nzvimbo ndiyo nyorovera dzinongoitika nharaunda yacho kondinendi, iro rikawira kunonyanyisa kunonaya - anopfuura 2000 mm pagore.
• Kutevedzerwa subequatorial Pfekenura apo kunonaya uye zviwanikwa ipfupi. Mugore pane anowira kusina kupfuura 1500 mm kuti unyoro.
• Inopisa mapazi - nzvimbo huru yacho kondinendi. Zvichienderana hemisphere, kunayisa vangave siyana 300 kusvika chete 50 mm pagore.
• Subtropical okunze anofukidza pamucheto kumhenderekedzo kuchamhembe kwenyika yacho uye nharaunda yaiva South Africa, kumaodzanyemba. Uye ipapo, uye pane nguva dzose vhuvhuta uye kunyorova. In yechando tembiricha akatura kuna 7 madhigirii, tichienzanisa zviratidzi yezhizha. Huwandu kunonaya vanofungidzirwa pa 500 mm pagore.

Equatorial latitudes

Kutaura nezvemabasa ose okunze mabhandi muAfrica, pfungwa dzinofanira kubhadharwa chaizvo ine mapazi, sezvo ino anonzi kwazvo akasiyana zvikuru nyorovera uye yakaorera tichitaura kurima. Riri Chokwadi, achitevedza razero Latitude, uye rinotaura nyika dzakadai Congo, Gabon, Liberia, Ghana, Guinea, Benin, Cameroon nevamwe yakabatana Gulf kuGuinea. A chepfungwa Equatorial okunze ndechokuti pedyo kumabvazuva zvinova zvakawanda pakaoma, asi mukati okumavirira venyika anowira kunonyanyisa kunaya.

Sub-Equatorial mapazi

Africa iri muna okunze dzinodengenyeka, ayo zvinopisa tembiricha anozivikanwa, uye chikamu chikuru nharaunda yayo inogarwa iri subtropics. Pano drier kuvat kupfuura neequator shoma, nomusango uye miti yakasvibira masango zvinochinja kuva savanna. A Zvinoitwa mapazi ichi ndechokuti muzhizha pane vachiridza mhepo ine kuti vauye mvura munzvimbo uye kazhinji fogs. In yechando, pane dzinopisa dzaishandiswa mhepo, yakaoma uye inopisa kwazvo, saka kuti uwandu mvura ipfupi, uye tembiricha rinobuda. In North Africa Sub-Equatorial bhandi chinofukidza nyika dzakadai Mali, Chad, Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea nevamwe. In kumaodzanyemba chikamu kondinendi iri Tanzania, Kenya, Angola, Zambia, Mozambique.

Tropical. Dry uye vhuvhuta

Sezvo isu yakatoratidza patafura, okunze Africa mapazi yaiva pamusoro zvakaoma kufungidzira pasina dzinopisa, iyo nenzvimbo yakakura chikamu kondinendi. Vazhinji vavo paupamhi bhendi atambanudza kuchamhembe chikamu kondinendi, kufukidza Sahara murenje uye yose yakapoteredza. Uyu Ijipiti, kuchamhembe Chad, Sudan uye Mali, uye Mauritania, Tunisia, Morocco, Algeria, Western Sahara , uye vamwe vakawanda. Kunonaya pano pasipasi - vanenge 50 mm pagore. Nharaunda yose yakafukidzwa jecha, Varidza yakaoma dzaishandiswa mhepo. Zvinowanzoitika sandstorms. Pakati pemhuka kuti vanogara Sahara, kakawanda tumbuyu uye zvinokambaira, izvo vanosarudzwa kubva Dunes usiku chete. Mugore Southern Hemisphere dzinopisa uyewo kuitika munzvimbo yacho Kalahari Desert. Okunze zvakafanana zvikuru kuchamhembe, asi kunoratidzwa yakakwirira kunaya uye zvishoma inopinza zuva tembiricha shanduko.

subtropical nharaunda

In mhedziso, ngatikurukurei zvakanyanyisa okunze bhandi Africa - subtropical. Anogara chidukuduku chikamu kondinendi, zvose kuchamhembe uye kumaodzanyemba, nekuti shoma chaizvo zvizere ekunze. Saka, kuchamhembe chikamu kondinendi, nzvimbo iyi kunosvika dzakaonda polosochkoj achitevedza Mediterranean pamhenderekedzo. It kuwana chete yakakwirira muIjipiti, Tunisia, Algeria uye Morocco, izvo kushambidzwa nemafungu egungwa. A chiri yomunharaunda okunze ndiko kuti chando mhepo ichivhuvhuta pano kubva kumavirira, kuunza unyoro. Nokuda kwaizvozvi zviri kuchitonhora mwaka pano inowira kunonyanyisa kunonaya - 500 mm. Muzhizha mhepo rakachinjwa achitsva dzaishandiswa mhepo kuti vauye kupisa, kwemvura uye kunyange jecha kubva Sahara. Mvura haina kuwa, tembiricha inokwira kuna vaifanira. Munguva Southern Hemisphere, mamiriro ezvinhu okunze akafanana. The chete peculiarity ndechokuti rakamanikana payakangopfuura, izvo bordered nenyanza kumativi ose. Runopwa kuti mwando inoita mhepo nyorovera rose gore, uye kunayisa pano anowira kwete yechando asiwo dzimwe nguva dzose.

Madagascar uye Cape Verde

African Climate mapazi anofukidza kwete chete kondinendi, asiwo chitsuwa kuti zvaanazvo - Continental uye kuputika. Kumabvazuva, pamwe mvura Strait Mozabikskogo ndiyo yakaoma chitsuwa Madagascar. Anoomesa chaipo zviviri okunze dzinodengenyeka - Tropical uye Sub-Equatorial. Ichokwadi kuti mumwe uye mumwe havasi riome muna Africa pachayo. Mvura dziri kakawanda, uye chitsuwa wose chaizvoizvo achinyatsotaurira miti yakasvibira zvinomera nemichindwe. Cape Verde Islands vari Atlantic, kusvikira kumavirira Gulf kuGuinea. Pano okunze ari pazasi-Equatorial, nyorovera, asi panguva imwe chete nemhepo huru. Precipitation inowira zvakaenzana rose gore.

mhedziso

Tichangobva muchidimbu akaongororwa zvose African okunze mapazi. Grade 7 - ndiyo nguva apo vana nezvevanakomana zvepanyama munzvimbo yedu okunze plnety. Zvakakosha kuti mwana iyi haana kurasikirwa chinhu uye vaigona kukurumidza kunzwisisa kuti yatiri kurarama bhanhire, izvo riri kurutivi rwezasi, uye izvo, nekusiyana, enda kuchamhembe. Izvi kuchawedzera horizons ake uye kubvumira dzidziso iri jogirafi nani.