Andrey Platonovich Platonov: Biography uye basa, mapikicha

Pakati vanyori pane avo vane basa haina kuzivikanwa kuti upenyu hwavo, nekuti haimuoni maererano maonero nguva yake. Asi zvinotora makore kana kuti makumi emakore, uye mabasa avo nzvimbo vakakodzera munhoroondo mabhuku. Vanyori ava vanosanganisira Platonovich Andrei Platonov Biography riri muenzaniso. Ararama upenyu zvakaoma. mabasa ake okusika vakatambura nokurova pashure nokurova. Uye chete muna 80-ies pamusoro XX remakore kune yose kuzivikanwa rasvika.

Uduku uye kuyaruka

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ane Biography inotanga muna 1899, akaberekwa mumhuri murombo nevana vakawanda chiteshi Locksmith Klimentova (zita chairo Platonov) muguta Voronezh. hwomwana dambudziko yakanga isina kujeka munzira dzakawanda. Constant zvinodiwa uye nezvokunetseka kwehama nehanzvadzi akamanikidzira mukomana aine makore 14 kutanga basa pane kuchiteshi nababa vake. Ikoko anovandudza zvakasiyana siyana ounyanzvi hwokugadzira.

Education Andrei Rakhmanov akagamuchira pachikoro parochial, uye pashure ndakatanga kushanda pachiteshi, akadzidza uye aishanda zvakafanana. Izvi zvinoratidza kuti kunyange mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma, kubatsira mhuri, haana kumboshayiwa nyota yake zivo, asi kudzidza basa idzva pachake uye akadzidza. Around iyoyo chakatanga okusika basa Andrey Platonovich. Sezvingatarisirwa, basa pachiteshi sezvo yemapurisa pacharo rakaoma, zvikuru iiswe pfungwa jaya uye dzichitaridzika mubasa rake.

Labor uye mabhuku

Next, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, Biography uye zvakasikwa iri mangwanani chaizvo nguva kwandaiita zvainyatsobatana rakaoma uye zvakaoma upenyu, iye anotanga kushanda fruitfully somunhu wenhau uye munyori. Panguva iyoyowo akadzidza ari Voronezh Polytechnic University uye anoshanda pane kuchiteshi chechitima. Undoubted mabhuku tarenda yatova pachena panguva ino. Chiedza unobuda muunganidzwa wake nhetembo "Blue kudzika" (1922).

Brief Biography Platonova Andreya Platonovicha anoenderera mberi iri noupenyu hwake panguva ino nechokuita zvakananga basa vabatsirwe pamusoro Voronezh province. Achiri harimiri kushanda panguva kuchiteshi, mukuwedzera, munyika kuvandudza mabasa. pezvaaishuva akafanana pamwe zvinotarisirwa vechiduku vakawanda. Anoda kushandura nyika, achitenda kwezvinhu mberi. It tinoberekwa vaduku maximalism, iro tsime akatarira kuburikidza uye mumabhuku nemabasa ake.

Chakatishamisa basa haana kukanganwa pamusoro kunyora. nyaya ake azere ouduku hurumende chete uye nokutenda muna zvokugadzira zvinhu mberi, asi musakanganwa nezvazvo uye chizvarwa musha pachavo. Uyezve, iye aishingaira anonyora kuti mapepanhau uye magazini Voronezh, izvozvo yakabudiswa mupepanhau Moscow.

Biography Platonova Andreya Platonovicha achiri azere noutano mabhuku basa, iye anobudisa nyaya dzake pamusoro musha "mu Desert nyeredzi" (1921) uye "Chuldik uye Epishka" (1920). Asi ake Funga zvimwe zvokugadzira pfungwa vachishingaira richiratidzwa kunyora uye kunoguma renyaya nyaya enganonyorwa: "The vazukuru Sun" (1922), "Markun" (1922) "Moonlight bhomba" (1926).

Moscow

Rambai tigadzirire muchidimbu Biography Platonova Andreya Platonovicha. Muna 1927, iye nemhuri yake vakatamira kuguta Moscow. Zvaakaita zvizere chavanoziva, Platonov anosiya basa panguva kuchiteshi uye akapiwa wose mabhuku basa.

Zvibereko nokunyora mabhuku basa riri kubereka zvibereko, uye chiedza unodzima nyaya "Epifanskie pakashama", iro gare gare anopa zita raro rose muunganidzwa ngano. In mabasa kuti nguva yakawanda utsinye chaizvo Russia panguva iyoyo. Munyori unvarnished Kudzokorora zvayo ouduku idealist uye maximalist maonero, kumutsoropodza pachake.

Kuwedzera kutsoropodzwa evanhu jira nguva Platonov anotaura nehasha pamusoro radicalism paburiro, panyaya iyi, chiedza unodzima turakiti racho "Antiseksus" (1928). Pano munyori akaseka yeGutsaruzhinji pfungwa rudo isiri mumuviri nyasha anobatsira munzanga basa. Author noushingi zvikuru akaratidza akananga simba uye pfungwa yacho.

Panguva iyoyo vakaumba zvachose akasiyana Style Platonov, chikuru aizoonekawo, zvinoshamisa, chiri rurimi-yakasungirirwa uye directness mashoko uye zvirevo. Nokuda ichi chinoshamisa uye nemamwe zvechokwadi manyorerwo Mashoko akatendevukira muverengi zvarinoreva zvechokwadi. nenzira yakafanana kunyora pasisina, hapana mabhuku Russian.

Kuwedzera werudzii, Platonov kushandura kupindirana kwemuvanzrira wezvirevo nemabviro chezvinonhuwira mabasa avo. Zvino aimbova maximalism uye kutenda mune ramangwana yakajeka kusvimha kuda kwouzivi zvinorehwa upenyu husingaperi. Magamba mabasa Platonov vari vatorwa, kusurukirwa, tichitsvaka vanhu, vafambi, eccentrics, vavambi, zvisaririra, eccentric ndenga.

In ichi tsinga Biography Platonova Andreya Platonovicha nezvechinhu uye zvinoratidzwa akabudiswa panguva yake chinyoreso mabasa - munyaya "Yamskaya Sloboda" muna 1927, somuenzaniso. Zviri rudzi chivimbiso kuna unoriumba ichiitirwa werudzii, asi yakadzokororwa uye reworked pasi pokudzora kwomudzimu uzivi itsva. "Grado" muna 1928 - ari satire pamusoro muboka revatungamiriri Soviet. "Munhu Chitsvene" muna 1928 kuti anofambira munhu unoratidza kuva pamusoro colour hondo yevagari pakupenga kwaro. Mumabasa aya Platonov anotaura ake mukutsvaga algorithm okurarama kuonekwa zvakajeka chaizvo munhu upenyu, ayo fragility hwepedyo kutsakatika.

Kutsoropodza uye nyonganyonga

Ndosaka panguva prose ino haina kuzivikanwa nezviremera. Pretty nokukurumidza, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, vane Biography uye saka haana nyore chaizvo, akanga basa kunyora. Zvakangotanga vakatanga yokuti mutemo pachinhu mabhuku dzinokwanisa akasungirirwa, izvo rakaenderana racho rondedzero "Che-Che-O" uye nyaya "Usomnivshiysya Makar" muna 1929, pashure iyo Plato akapomerwa omunhu oga anarchism. Zvinoita Hauchabatsiri kudhinda. Mamiriro ezvinhu vasingagoni kunyange Bamba Gorky, izvo Plato akateterera rubatsiro.

Haunted munyori uye mudzimba matambudziko. mhuri yake yagara kunyimwa misha yavo uye ichi vakamanikidzwa refu nguva kudzungaira mufurati yairendwa. Yakanga chete muna 1931, akawana musha wechigarire - imwe outbuilding panguva neimba musi Tverskoy Boulevard. Nhasi mabhuku Institute ainzi pashure sydäntä. Dzakaoma uye Kurambwa nezviremera, Chokwadi, vane inokanganisa mamiriro ezvinhu mumhuri.

nesimba mushandi

Pasinei zvose kunzwisisa vakatama zvakaoma, Platonov anoramba kushanda pamusoro yokufungidzira "Chevengur", asi zvirokwazvo itsva muchiedza akakundikana kusunungura panguva. Izvi zvakaitika chete muna 1971, Paris, mushure munyori afa.

The zviri yokufungidzira rinotsanangura utopian Tauriranai Chevengur uye upenyu vatambi vake, vanozoshaiswa pashure madzungairiro refu uye nematambudziko. Life munharaunda chaizvoizvo akakwana, zvose zvinofara uye vakaenzana. Just Zvaifadza kuona ichaparadzwa pamwe pakasvika mauto uye mauto akaparadza vose vagere, uye Municipality uyewo. Romance nezvose zviri kuitika - icho chinoratidza chokwadi, ndiro Plato. Chokwadi, chokwadi haasi kunaka kudaro sezvataizoda, asi kufanana pakati zvaioneka chaizvo. Uyewo, itsva Platonov asingaverengerwi chisanyanya yemakambani ani uye mutauro. Vamwe vatsoropodzi vanoti saizvozvi pamharidzo hakusi kubudirira, uye chinonditadzisa nezvibereko ona nyaya mutsetse.

thirties

Andrey Platonovich Platonov, ane Biography hunonyatsobatana kune zvematongerwo kuchinja munyika, zvakajeka zvikuru akaratidza tarenda rake chaiko muna thirties remakore rechimakumi maviri. Muna 1930, Platonov akasunungura ake makuru Paaidzidzisa - nyaya "gomba", izvo zvichaita kuti rakabudiswa kekutanga chete muna 1987. Izvi dystopia mugovanisi, inotiudza munhu akatadza kwemaindasitiri, njodzi kuparara komiyunizimu uye pfungwa yacho. Munyaya, panzvimbo yamambo yakanga akavaka seboka guva. Brodsky akanyora kuti Plato akateerera pachake mutauro yaitonga.

mitswe

Zvichakadai, magariro mamiriro ezvinhu munyika vari tightening, haruna kupomberwa vakarega uye Platonov. Panguva iyoyo akabudisa nyaya yake "zvakachengeterwa", iro rinotsanangura akatadza collectivization, uyewo nyaya "Garbage mhepo" kune Anti-yechiFascist dzinotaura. Zvinosuruvarisa, wekutanga vakagamuchira utsinye tinyatsonzwisisa Stalin, wechipiri vakakundikana kuita zvainoita. Andrey Platonovich Platonov, uyo Biography, uye saka munyori haasi kufara kufara chiitiko, zvakare pasi kutambudzwa. Akanga zvakare akamira achitaipa.

Pakati pezana remakore thirties remakore rechimakumi maviri, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, pfupi Biography izere nematambudziko panguva ino munguva, anonyora kunyanya tafura, nekuti haina rakabudiswa.

Zvose patafura

Pasinei neizvi, iye anoita chaizvo uye zvibereko chaizvo. Created nganonyorwa "Happy Moscow" chidimbu "nenzwi rake yababa." Akanyorawo nyaya zhinji pamusoro mabhuku vanyori vakadai Pushkin, Paustovsky, Akhmatova, Greene, Hemingway nevamwe. Next, kuumba nyaya "Gungwa Juvenile", musoro pano pedyo "nheyo Makomba" uye "Chevengur", ipapo mumwe kutamba - "Jukebox".

Mabasa ake Platonov ichifamba kubva evanhu uye anopfuuura zvakaitika pakunamata uye mitambo. Akanyora dzakatevedzana yose lyrical pfupi nyaya, kusanganisira "The River Potudan" "Aphrodite" uye "Clay House mu amachinda mumunda" uye "Frau". Pano munyori kunosimbisa mupfungwa Modelling pazvinhu, kuverenga riri kutsiva chibhende mafungiro romunyori yakadzika kuda.

Zviri pachena kuti munyori akanga asiri zita nyore Andrey Platonovich Platonov Biography. Nokuti vana, naiyewo akanyora, uye zvikuru zvinobudirira, muenzaniso mukuru uyu - nyaya "mbeu" tsitsi uye orphanhood.

Mumakore 1933-35 anoenda kuna Turkmenistan Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Brief Biography kumunyori anoudza nezvazvo. Pasi pazvidhindo rwacho, akanyora nyaya "Jan" nenzira yaingowanikwa evanhu dambudziko mutsva manotsi lyrical. Yakajeka majana chomutsara, uye kunyange zvukopis mubasa iri kuti rive zvinoshamisa mupfumi uye mutinhimira.

Furidzira ne furidza

Muna 1937, iye zvakaronga simba muchidimbu basa munyori ainzi Andrey Platonovich Platonov. Biography, pfupiso inosidzikwa kunze munyaya, kwakaratidzwa chiitiko chinakidze iye. Writer anobudisa muunganidzwa wake pfupi nyaya "The River Potudan". Asi munyori zvinotarisirwa vasiri akasangana. Collection yave achitsoropodzwa. Mukuwedzera, muna 1938, kuzorwa chete mwanakomana Platonov akanga akagadzira nyaya, uye nomukomana akasungwa.

hondo

Munguva yehondo, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, Biography, zvinonakidza zvinhu kubva upenyu iro raigara kufarira mafeni ake, inova dzomupepanhau pamusoro pepanhau "Red Star". Asi pano, nyaya yake "Family Ivanov" akaita simba kusagutsikana uye yave kuzivikanwa nokuda kuchera mhuri reSoviet.

Pamakore okupedzisira oupenyu hwake

Pashure pehondo, Andrey Platonovich Platonov, Biography, mapikicha uye zvimwe zvinhu zvoupenyu izvo vakaenda nevazukuru, uye vakasagona zvakakwana mune mabhuku. Achiedza kuona zviri muupenyu, akanyora kusiyana pamusoro Russian zvavo dzechembere. Uyezve, iye akasika mutambo "yaNoa Areka". Zvisinei, nguva asingadi kumupa mukana wazova muupenyu hwake. Muna 1951, Platonov anofa kubva tibhii, utachiona mwanakomana wake, uyo akanga asunungurwa kubva mumusasa.

ndangariro

Platonov haina kuzivikanwa nevanhu vakararama panguva yake. Zvisinei, muna 1980 ake Pazvinhu oga akaita mhindu kwaari yose. Its zvinoshamisa mutauro uye manyorerwo zvokuratidzira, uyewo akaoma upenyu rwendo akazowana admirers ake uye vakanga anoongwa. Kunyange asati rakabudiswa pamusoro payo, vazhinji mabasa Platonov nhasi.