Aquarium fish discus. Huru Dukuro: tsanangudzo, mapikicha uye mamiriro ekudzivirira

Pakati pevagari vakasiyana-siyana vemunyika ye aquarium, hove dzema discus dzinobva mumhuri yezvisikwa dzinomira sechiedza chakajeka uye chimiro chisina kujairika. Izvi zvinonyanya kuda zvezvinyorwa uye zvisikwa zvisingaoneki. Kunyange zvakadaro, kana iwe uchiziva kuchengetedza zvakanaka kwavari, kubereka discus isimba kunyange musviti aquarist.

Tsanangudzo

Muviri wehove une mavara akakomberedzwa, zvakanyatsorongedzwa kubva kumativi, ndicho chikonzero chakafanana ne disk. Kuvonga neizvi, kwakatumidzwa zita racho. Pamusoro peti, zvidzitiro refu ndezvakasiyana. Musoro mutsvuku, nemukati mutsvuku. Kuyera kwehove kunokera kubva pa15 kusvika ku20 cm. Kazhinji kacho pane hove dzvuku dzvuku, mufananidzo waro unoiswa pakutanga kwechinyorwa ichi. Pamusoro penzvimbo huru, unogona kuona michina yebhuruu yakasvibiswa pamwe chete navo, zvichifamba kusvika kumapfini. Pamativi acho pane zvidimbu zvakananga. Izvi zvinonzi motley magirazi anobatsira cichlids kuvanza kubva kumhuka dzinoparadza, kuvanza muzvinomera. Ruvara rwehove runogona kusiyana zvichienderana nemamiriro ayo. Semuenzaniso, nekutya kwakasimba, ruzivo rwese rwe trunk rinova rinopenya-grey, uye zvipembenene zvinenge zvanyangarika zvachose. Upenyu huri kutarisira mumvura yakadzika nehanya zvakanaka inogona kuva makore gumi nemashanu.

Habitat muzvisikwa

Discus ihove iyo inowanzoitika inowanikwa mubhuku reAmazon. Mhuka dzesango dzinobatwa muBrazil, Peru, Colombia. Anosarudza hove dzinononoka dzichiyerera dzikaoma kana kuti dzakasviba mvura, uko pasina michina yakaipa inokuvadza. Kazhinji mapoka ezvikoti anounganidza mumasango emhenderekedzo yegungwa, achivanza kubva kune zvikara zvinoshambadza mumidzi yemiti uye shrub. Mvura yakakodzera yemvura yevari 26-31 ⁰С, kunyange zvazvo iri mumvura isina kudzika inogona kusvika yakaderera se 35 ⁰С. Cichlids inosarudza dzimba dzakawanda dzine sandy kana mazana mashizha akavharwa nemashizha.

Kusiyana kwemarudzi

Mumakore makumi mapfumbamwe emakore ekupedzisira, varimi vakagadzira maitiro akasiyana-siyana ehurbridhi akawana mukurumbira wakawanda pakati pevanhu vanoita mvura pane zvisikwa. Kusagadzikana kwavo kwakasimba kune zvirwere uye zvakaderera zvido zvekuchengetwa zvakabhadharwa nemuvara wakaisvonaka uye wakaisvonaka.

Mazuva ano, mapoka makuru mashanu anozivikanwa, ayo anosanganisira zvose zvakasikwa uye zvakagadzirwa nevarume vemu genus Diskus (hove). Tsanangudzo imwe neimwe ndeyotevera:

1. Dzvuku ndiro rakanyanya kupenya uye naizvozvo mhando dzakasiyana-siyana. Nheyo huru inogona kuva chero mhando - cherry, machungwa, mutsvuku, nezvimwewo. Kuchengetedza ruvara rwehove, iwe unoda zvokudya zvakakosha zvine zvimwe zvinowedzera.
2. The turquoise. Uyu ndiwo mutsara mukuru we trunk iri diski. Inoratidza zvakajeka mararamiro ematanda uye maronda. Rudzi urwu runowanzoonekwa pakati pevashandi vokuRussia vemhuka dze aquarium, sezvo yakaratidzwa munyika yedu mumakore makumi manomwe.
3. Cobalt. Iine zvimwe zvakafananidzwa ne turquoise, asi panzvimbo yemumvuri weguru, yakazara yebhuruu inowedzera. Iyo yakasiyana nedzimwe mhando dzine micheka yakajeka pamusoro pembiru uye zvigunwe.
4. Bhuruu. Inofungidzirwa kuti ndiyo imwe yevamiririri vakuru vemarudzi. Nheyo huru ndeyemumvuri-ruvara rwepini uye ine guruva.
5. Golden discus ihove, mufananidzo wekuti inogona kuonekwa pasi apa. Iyo ine mari yakakwirira pane zvose zvataurwa pamusoro apa. Izvo zvishoma zvidhori zvemavara, zvinonyanya kukosha.

Zita rimwe nerimwe rakasiyana-siyana remasikirusi (hove rine rumwe ruvara rweturu) rine zvakawanda zvakasiyana-siyana.

Mamiriro ezvinhu eusungwa

Tichifunga nezvehukuru hwakakura hwei cichlids uye kuti iyo inowanzogarwa nemapoka, iyo aquarium inofanira kusarudzwa kuva yakakosha-ine simba rinenge 250 litres. Inofanira kunge yakaparadzana, nokuti iyo discus inowanzoita zvirwere zvinouraya, izvo kune dzimwe hove hazvina maturo zvachose. Mukuwedzera, vane zvimwe zvinoda mvura. Kupisa kwaro kunofanira kuva mukati ma 28-33 ⁰С. Iyo discus inonyanya kutarisana nehupamhi hwemvura. Izvo zvinowanikwa kune dzimwe hove hazvina kunaka, sezvo kubwinya kwavo kwakachena kunokosha zvakakosha. Zvakakoshawo kuchengetedza pH kusimba pa 5.0-6.0. Chero chipi nechipi chinoshanduka mu acidity chinogona kukuvadza zvakanyanya utano hwehove.

Zvakakosha kudzorera hafu yemvura mumugungwa kamwechete pavhiki. Chinhu chinonyanya kukosha ndechokuiswa kwekafaira yakanaka. Nzira inobatsira yekuchenesa mvura ndeyekutema, asi muzvanza zvevanhu vane ruzivo rwemvura, sezvo kuwedzerwa kwezone kunotungamirira kurufu rwechuku. Zvakachengeteka kushandisa ultraviolet. Asati agadzirisa hove mugangi, iyo yaimbova yakashandiswa, inofanira kunge yakashambidzwa uye yakasvibiswa.

Kushaiwa kwevhu kunobvumirwa, asi mumvura isina mvura uye isina chinhu iyo discus inotarisa isiri yakakwana. Vanowana rudzi rwakasiyana zvachose, kunyange kana vachidurura zviduku zvishoma muzasi. Mukuwedzera, ivhu rakasimwa mvura yemiti rinobatsira kuchengetedza maitiro ehutano. Chinhu chikuru ndechokuti munyaya iyi mabhakitiriya epathogenic haapindi mukati memvura. Nguva nenguva, ivhu rinonatswa yezvakawanda zvehove zvigadzirwa.

Nokuda kwemamiriro ezvinhu edzidziso dzekudzidzira hupenyu, chiedza chakajeka hachisi chinhu, naizvozvo hazvidiwi kuchengetedza kumba. Kunyange zvazvo muhove yakatsvuka tsvaga inoshamisa.

Kunyika mumvura yakadzika

Iko kutonhorera kwepamusoro emvura kunokosha pakuchengetwa kwemhando iyi yemarudzi echechi, uye kuedza kusina kusimbisa mamwe matambudziko mukurima kwemiti. Nokudaro, zvakakosha kusarudza chete avo avo vachakwanisa kukunda mamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Izvi zvikurukuru mbeu dzakadai seambulia, vallisneria, anubias, didiplis, echinodorus. Ivo vanozadzisawo basa rezvipfeko zvakasikwa uye hazvidziviriri kufamba kwehove.

Kudyisa

Izvi zvinyorwa zvinonyatsonaka uye zviri muzvokudya. Diskus ihove dzinotyisa, inenge hafu yezvokudya zvezuva nezuva inofanira kuva protein. Nokuda kweizvi, nyama yenyuchi yakagadzirirwa pamusana pemwoyo wenyama, kuwedzera nyama yenyama, hove yefodya, nettle herbs, miriwo yakasiyana siyana uye mavitamini. Mimwe yemvura inoshandiswa inoshandisa zvipfuwo zvemhuka nenzira yehupenyu hwemagazi uye tubule. Kuchengetedza kunofanira kutorwa nechingwa chakadaro, sezvo ichibviswa, sekutonga, kubva kune misi yakasvibiswa yemvura uye inogona kutapisa chepfu kana kukonzera chirwere chipi zvacho chakaipa. Vasati vapa zvokudya zvakadaro, zvinodzivirirwa kwemazuva mashanu. Diskus ihove iyo inodywa katatu pazuva, kubvisa zvisikwa zvose mushure memaminitsi gumi kuitira kuti zvirege kuparadza mvura.

Iwe unogona kushandisa shanduro dzemabhizimusi zvakasiyana siyana. Kuzvibata kwavari zvishoma nezvishoma. Chokutanga, zvokudya zvakaomeswa mumaduku maduku akawedzerwa kune mwoyo wenyama, kuwedzera dhiyo zuva nezuva. Nguva yekurovedza inopera anenge masvondo maviri.

Chikumbiro chakakosha ndehove hove yakadyiwa "Tetra Diskus", ibhakiti iyo (10 malita) inogona kutengwa nokuda kwe3,5000 rubles, uye ichagara kwenguva yakareba. Zvokugadzirira zvakagadzirwa zvinogadzirwa zvakanaka, zvine chiyero chakakosha chevhithamini uye kutsvaga zvinhu. Mukuwedzera, inowedzera kupikisa zvirwere uye inovandudza mavara ehove. Pasi pemugungwa, zvokudya zvinodonha zvishoma nezvishoma, saka disusikisi inoidya nemwoyo wose.

Compatibility

Mhando iyi yemakichlids, pasinei nekukura kwayo kukuru, inosiyaniswa nekudzikama uye nerudo-rudo. Kunyange zvakadaro, hazvikurudzirwi kuchengetedza kamburu nedzimwe mhando dzehove. Chimwe chezvikonzero ndeyekupisa kwakanyanya kwemvura, kwete vose vanogara mu aquarium vanogona kumira. Mukuwedzera, kune ngozi yakakura yekutapukirwa nemuvakidzani wako. Chero vamwe vanogara vanorasikirwa uye vanoita sevasingaoneki nechepamusoro pemamiriro ekupenya, izvo zvinokonzera discus. Kubatana nedzimwe hove dzave dzakanaka, chete kana dziine kuenzana kwakadaro uye havatyi kutonhora kwakakwirira. Izvo zvinoda zvizere zvakakwana nemakungwa echikwata (corridors). Mukuwedzera, vanoparadza zvakasara zvezvokudya, zvinoita kuti mvura mumvura yakadzika kwenguva refu inoramba yakachena.

Kusiyana kwepabonde

Kusiyanisa mukadzi kubva kumurume kunokwanisika nejiometri yemapfini. Muchikadzi, kana uchiramba uchitarisa migwagwa yakarurama kubva pamucheto weanamato uye mhemberero dzemvura, vanoyambuka muswe. Murume wacho, kana zvishoma, anomubata zvishoma. Vanhu vevarume vakura, vane imwe yakagadziriswa yakagadziriswa. Nzvimbo yechenitalia yekunze yakasiyana-siyana - yekadzi ine yakareba uye yakakomberedza ovipositor, yakashandurwa kuti iparadzanise mazai.

Kubereka

Kukura mune zvepabonde discus kunosvika pazera remakore 1,5-2, uye nguva yekuberekwa inopera makore maviri kusvika ku3. Kana zvinetso zvamuka nechinangwa chevarume nevakadzi, hove dzinoverengeka dzinowanikwa pakuzadza. Kana zvikava zvakajeka kuti vaviri vavo vakaumba mapaviri akasimba, vanoiswa kune imwe nzvimbo inobereka mbeu inenge yakawanda inenge 100 litita. Muchengetera, masaga, matanda evhu, mabwe makuru uye mamwe mazano anoiswa. Kuratidzira-awa-mavhareji inofanira kunge isina simba. Hove dzinofanira kudzivirirwa kubva kunetseka, saka mvura inoshanduka kunyange zvazvo nguva dzose, asi nehanya zvikuru. Kupisa kwaro kunoshandiswa mukati me 28-30 ° C. Nekukosha kukuru ndiko kugadzikana kwemvura. Kana iri yakakwirira, kubereka kwe caviar kuchava kunetseka. Kunyanya kugadzika - kwete kupfuura 3 degrees.

Kutanga kunotanga manheru. Iyo chiratidzo kune iyo yekuchenesa kwe substrate uye kubvongodza kwemicheto yehove. Mukadzi wacho anoisa mazai 200 kusvika ku400, ayo anogadzirwa nemurume. Iyo yekudzivirira nguva mazuva 3-4. Pashure peimwe, fry inotanga kushambira. Zvakakosha panguva iyi yekuita kuti zuva rega rega rishandurwe nemvura nechechina chebhuku. Mumazuva okutanga ehupenyu, chikafu chikuru chefry ndicho chakakosha kune ganda revabereki. Kana vasisipo pahove imwe chete, imwe inobva ishambira. Pashure pemavhiki maviri, vabereki vanotumirwa kudzoka kumvura.

Kudyisa kwefry

Dzimwe nguva kune dzakawanda kwazvo, uye ipapo vabereki havagoni kudyisa vana vose. Izvi zvinoitika kuti kuvhara kwezvokudya paganda hakusi zvachose. Mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro, kuchengetedza fry, zvakakosha kuvapa fodhi yekugadzirira. Pamvura kubva pamvura inogunzva mazai evha uye uite zvingwa zviduku zvakapetwa. Izvo zvakasimba zvakamanikidzwa kurwisana nemadziro e-aquarium, kuitira kuti imwe neimwe inofamba zvishoma pamusoro pemvura. Kana fry iri nemazuva mashanu kusvika mazana matanhatu, inogona kudyiwa neArtemia nauplii. Mune ramangwana, chero hupi hwehutano hwemhando yakakosha hunoshandiswa.

Zvirwere zve discus

Chikonzero chikuru chekuitika kwavo - kusingateereri nemitemo yezviri mukati. Nehanya zvakanaka, apo kutarisirwa kunobhadharwa kuhuhu hwemvura, kujekesa uye chikafu, kushungurudzika (chikonzero chezvirwere zvizhinji) kwakabviswa zvachose. Diskusy - hove ye aquarium, iyo inofadza zvikuru kunyange kune zviduku zvishoma. Dambudziko guru rinotarisana naro:

• Zvirwere zvemukati. Chikonzero chacho chingave chikafu chisina kunaka-kana muvakidzani anorwara. Ihove inosviba, inoramba kudya. Tsvina yacho yakafanana nemicheka yakachena. Pamusoro, fins apo pane purulent ulcers. Kunyatsoongororwa kunowanikwa chete ne laboratory.
• Kuvhiringidzika kwepamuviri, kudonha. Izvo zvinoitika nekuda kwekudya kwakashata. Dumbu remuviri rinoputika muhove, zvichida i-pop-eyed. Muchiitiko chekutanga, discus inotora zvokudya kusvikira mudumbu ichityoka, ezvo inofa. Dorosi rinoratidzirwa nokusakwana kwechido chakakwana.
• Utachiona hwehutachiona. Zviratidzo zvechirwere ichi hazvikanganwiki - mhedha yezvipenga zvinopenya, mucosa inowedzera, ruvara rweguru rinosviba. Ihove inorasikirwa nenyota yadzo, inoputirwa mukona. Kana iwe usingatori matanho panguva yakakodzera kuti udzivirire, zvishoma nezvishoma maziso ake anokura, anotanga kuparadza zvipfigiso nemuswe. Inorapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya.
• Zvirwere zvepachirwere uye zvirwere zvefungal - zvinowanzowanikwa mu discus.
• Gill uye ganda bladderworms zvinogona kutungamirira kumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma ehove. Mukurwisana navo kunobatsira nzira dzakasarudzwa, dzinotengeswa mumagetsi ezvinyorwa.

Kudzivirira

Hurukuro dzakaoma kubata, saka zviri nyore kudzivisa zvirwere. Izvi zvinogoneka chete kana mamiriro ekuchengetedza mhuka dzemhuka mumugodhi inoremekedzwa. Kuti uite izvi, nyatsocherechedza kuchenesa nekupisa kwemvura, shandisa fodder yakakwirira. Zvakakosha kubvisa zvirwere nezvirwere zvepachigamu mumvura. Discus ihove, iyo inofanirana nevamwe vagari vemo vanofanirwa kuverengwa kuti varege kunetseka, izvo zvinokonzera zvirwere zvakawanda.